Jail: - A place of detention; a place where a person convicted or suspected of a crime is detained.

- It is used by local jurisdictions such as counties and cities to confine people for short periods of time. - has fewer amenities for convicts as compare to a prison - is like a rehabilitation center for individuals who are under trial and not convicted, they are given a chance to improve and resettle themselves after their bail. - are designed to hold a very small number of criminals, and have relatively lax security when compared to prisons, although in areas prone to violence, a jail may be run along very strict lines. Prison: - A place of long-term confinement for those convicted of serious crimes. - It is administered by the state, and is used to house convicted criminals for periods of much longer duration - have a tight security and more amenities for the inmates - is capable of handling far more prisoners than a jail - prisoners are typically segregated on the basis of the types of crimes that they have been convicted of, as a safety precaution Jails and prisons are important for the whole human race. It is set up so the criminals will be off the streets. These help everyones day to day life because it keeps criminals on lock down Kinds of prisoner 1. Criminals are prisoners that are incarcerated under the legal system. In the United States, a federal inmate is a person convicted of violating a federal law, who is then incarcerated at a prison that exclusively houses similar criminals. The term most often applies to those convicted of a felony. 2. Detainees are prisoners. Certain governments use this term to refer to individuals held in custody. They are referred to detainees as it is a general term, and as such, does not require the subject to be classified and treated (under the law) as either a prisoner of war or a suspect or convict in criminal cases. It is generally defined with the broad definition: "someone held in custody". 3. Prisoners of war, also known as a POWs, are individuals incarcerated in relation to wars. He or she can be a member of the civilian population, or a captured soldier. 4. Political prisoners describe those imprisoned for participation or connection to political activity. Such inmates challenge the legitimacy of the detention. 5. Hostages are historically defined as prisoners held as security for the fulfillment of an agreement, or as a deterrent against an act of war. In modern times, it refers to someone who is seized by a criminal abductor. 6. Slaves are prisoners that are held captive for their use as labourers. Various methods have been used throughout history to deprive slaves of their liberty, including forcible restraint. 7. Other types of prisoner can include those under police arrest, house arrest, those in insane asylums, internment camps, and peoples restricted to a specific area such as Jewish people in the Warsaw ghetto.

Sentences are variously classified depending on

the legal field, or kind of action, or system it refers to: o civil, penal, administrative, canon, ..., sentence. o sentences of mere clearance, of condemnation, of constitution. the issuing organ (typically a monocratic judge or a court, or other figures that receive a legitimation by the system). the jurisdiction and the legal competence: single judges, courts, tribunals, appeals, supreme courts, constitutional courts, etc., meant as the various degrees of judgment and appeal. the content: o partial, cautelar, interlocutory, preliminar (sententia instructoria), definitive sentences. o sentence of absolutio (discharge) or condemnatio (briefly damnatio, also for other meanings condemnation). The sentences of condemnation are also classified by the penalty they determine: sentence of reclusion, sentence of fee, sententia agendi, sentence that impose a determined action (or a series of action) as a penalty for the illegal act. This kind of sentence became better developed and remained in wider use in common law systems.

The prisoners are classified in the operating institution into maximum-security offenders, medium security offenders, and minimum security offenders. The purposes for the classification of offenders are: 1.) To separate offenders who by reason of their criminal record or derogatory character are likely to exercise a bad influence to other offenders; 2.) To separate offenders who by gravity of their offenses have been sentence to longer periods of imprisonment and therefore requires a more secure facility; 3.) To divide and segregate the offenders into classes to facilitate their rehabilitative treatment. Maximum-security offenders include offenders who are highly dangerous as determined by the Classification Board, which will require a high degree of control and supervision. Under this category are those; (1.) sentence to death, (2.) those whose minimum sentence is 20 years imprisonment, (3.) remand inmates or those inmate whose cases are still under review by the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals and inmates whose sentence is twenty years and above, (4.) those with pending cases, (5.) recidivist, habitual delinquents, escapes, (6.) those confined at the Reception and Diagnostic Center, (7.) those under disciplinary punishment or safe keeping, (8.) those who are criminally insane or those suffering from severe personality or emotional disorders that make them dangerous to fellow inmates and prison staff. Medium security offenders are those who cannot be trusted in less secured areas and whose conduct or behavior requires minimum supervision. Under this category are; (1.) those whose minimum sentence is less than twenty years imprisonment; (2.) remand inmates or detainees whose sentences are below 20 years, (3.) those who are 18 years of age and below, regardless of the case and sentence, (4.) those who have two or more records of escapes. They can be classified as medium security inmates if they have served eight years in the maximum-security camp after they were recommitted. Those with one record of escape and must have serve five years in the maximum security camp, (5.) first time offenders sentenced to life imprisonment. They may be classified as medium security if they have served five years in a maximum-security prison or less, upon recommendation of the Superintendent. Those who were detained in a City and/or Provincial Jail for five years shall not be entitled to said classification.

Minimum-security offenders are those who can be reasonably trusted to serve their sentence under less restricted conditions. Under this category are those; (1.) with a severe physical handicap as certified by the chief medical officer of the prison, (2.) those who are sixty-five years old and above, without pending case and whose convictions are not on appeal, (3.) those who have serve one-half (1/2) of their minimum sentence or one-third (1/3) of their maximum sentence, excluding Good Conduct Time Allowance (GCTA), (4.) those who have only six months more to serve before the expiration of their maximum sentence

A penal colony is a settlement used to exile prisoners and separate them from the general populace by placing them in a remote location, often an island or distant colonial territory. Although the term can be used to refer to a correctional facility located in a remote location it is more commonly used to refer to communities of prisoners overseen by wardens or governors having absolute authority. SAN RAMON PRISON AND PENAL FARM: According to historical accounts, the San Ramon Prison was established in southern Zamboanga on August 21, 1870 through a royal decree promulgated in 1869. Established during the tenure of Governor General Ramon Blanco (whose patron saint the prison was named after), the facility was originally established for persons convicted of political crimes. IWAHIG PENAL COLONY: This facility was established during the American occupation. It was however, during the Spanish regime that Puerto Princesa was designated as a place where offenders sentenced to banishment were exiled. A specific area of Puerto Princesa was selected as the site for a correctional facility. SABLAYAN PRISON AND PENAL FARM: Nearer to Manila than other penal colonies, the Sablayan Penal Colony is located in Occidental Mindoro and relatively new. Established on September 26, 1954 by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 72, the penal colony has a total land area of approximately 16,190 hectares. DAVAO PENAL COLONY: The Davao Penal Colony is the first penal settlement founded and organized under Filipino administration. The settlement, which originally had an area of approximately 30,000 hectares in the districts of Panabo and Tagum,