VOLLEYBALL

Perlas, Marianne P. BS Architecture PE 4 / Friday- 9:00-11:00am Prof. Bello

HISTORY In 1995, the sport of Volleyball was 100 years old! The sport originated in the United States, and is now just achieving the type of popularity in the U.S. that it has received on a global basis, where it ranks behind only soccer among participation sports. Today there are more than 800 million players worldwide who play Volleyball at least once a week. In 1895, William G. Morgan, an instructor at the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Mass., decided to blend elements of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball to create a game for his classes of businessmen which would demand less physical contact than basketball. He created the game ofVolleyball (at that time called mintonette). Morgan borrowed the net from tennis, and raised it 6 feet 6 inches above the floor, just above the average man's head. During a demonstration game, someone remarked to Morgan that the players seemed to be volleying the ball back and forth over the net, and perhaps "volleyball" would be a more descriptive name for the sport. On July 7, 1896 at Springfield College the first game of "volleyball" was played In 1900, a special ball was designed for the sport. In 1916, in the Philippines, an offensive style of passing the ball in a high trajectory to be struck by another player (the set and spike) were introduced. In 1917, the game was changed from 21 to 15 points. In 1920, three hits per side and back row attack rules were instituted. In 1930, the first two-man beach game was played. In 1934, the approval and recognition of national volleyball referees. In 1947, the Federation Internationale De Volley-Ball (FIVB) wasfounded. In 1948, the first two-man beach tournament was held. In 1949, the initial World Championships were held in Prague,Czechoslovakia. In 1964, Volleyball was introduced to the Olympic Games inTokyo. In 1974, the World Championships in Mexico were telecast inJapan. In 1987, the FIVB added a Beach Volleyball World ChampionshipSeries. In 1990, the World League was created. In 1995, the sport of Volleyball was 100 years old! In 1996, 2-person beach volleyball was added to the Olympic

CHARACTERISTICS Volleyball is a sport played by two teams on a playing court divided by a net. There are different versions available for specific circumstances in order to offer the versatility of the game to everyone. The object of the game is to send the ball over the net in order to ground it on the opponents court, and to prevent the same effort by the opponent. The team has three hits for returning the ball (in addition to the block contact). The ball is put in play with a service: hit by the server over the net to the opponents. The rally continues until the ball is grounded on the playing court, goes out or a team fails to return it properly. In Volleyball, the team winning a rally scores a point (Rally Point System). When the receiving team wins a rally, it gains a point and the right to serve, and its players rotate one position clockwise.

The Volleyball court dimensions for indoor and outdoor volleyball courts are different. In competitive volleyball, the court measurements, net requirements and ball particulars are strictly followed and must be the same for all games and teams. The game of Indoor Volleyball is played on a rectangular court that is divided in half by a high net. The court measurements for regulation play are 18 meters (59 feet) long by 9 meters (29 feet 6 inches) wide. A Beach Volleyball Court measures 16m x 8m.

Basic Skills of Volleyball Serve-Used to put the ball in play. The action is done with arm swing that sends the ball over the net into the opponent's court. Forearm Pass-Used to receive the ball from your opponents, as in service, or as a technique to accurately control the ball in a way that eliminates lifting or carrying the ball. the fundamental action of passing is to rebound the ball off of the forearms (which are held together tightly with the palms and thumbs positioned together) from a slightly squatted and balanced position. Setting- Used to receive a teammate's pass in order that the play may continue by passing the ball overhead to an attacker. the fundamental action of setting is to contact the ball with the finger pads momentarily at the forehead and following through with arms fully extended to the hitting target. Kill or Attack-Used to put the ball into the opponent's court in order to earn a point or side out. the fundamental action of attacking incorporates a quick approach followed by a strong, full arm swing, and follow-thru. Block-Used to stop the ball from crossing the net as a result of an opponent's attack. A block is effective if it immediately places the ball back into the opponent's court or if it temporarily slows down the ball in order for a defender to make a dig. The fundamental action of blocking is to stand facing the net with feet shoulder width apart, arms nearly extended above the head, ready to jump above the net to deflect the ball back into the opponent's court. Floor Defense-used to receive the opponent's attack. The key skills are digging and sprawling. The dig resembles a forearm pass from a low ready position and is used more for balls that are hit near the defender. The sprawl is a result of an attempted dig for a ball that is hit further away from the defender and resembles a dive.

MECHANICS 1. Substitution Procedure- When a team is making multiple substitutions, only one incoming substitute can be in the substitution zone at a time. 2. Interruptions of Play- A team delay penalty will not be assessed if the game is stopped because necessary player equipment is lost on the court, including a players towel. 3. Officials Arrival- New rule language will be added to specify that the officials shall arrive on site at least 45 minutes before the start of the match and their jurisdiction will begin when they arrive on the court, at least 30 minutes before the start of the match. 4. Point Signal- The signal for a point will be an extended arm indicating which team will serve next. 5. Signal for Ball Crossing Plane Under Net- The signal for the ball crossing under the net will be pointing at the center line area with an extended index finger. 6. Signal for Ball Contacted More Than Three Times by a Team- No change from previous technique. Raise forearm vertically with four fingers extended (includes plays in which the same player makes the third and fourth team hits).

7. Ready Signal (second referee)- No change from previous technique. Use after timeouts, substitutions, or other times the normal tempo of the game has been disrupted to indicate to the first referee that you are now ready to resume. After visually checking the receiving team, scanning the benches, and moving to the base position for the next play, point toward first referee with an open hand (outside hand preferred) to indicate readiness. This signal should not be used after every rally, and is not recommended for indicating the receiving setters position. The ready signal should be separated from the authorization to enter signal after a substitution. 8. Second Referees Position at End of Rally- No change from previous technique. When the second referees whistle ends a rally, she/he should step to the offending teams side of the net, and signal the fault. If the first referees whistle ends the rally, step to either side of the net pole to mimic the fault signal immediately after the first referee. 9. Procedures at End of Timeouts and Between Games- Teams are allowed to use the entire duration of the interval between games or a timeout. However, teams must be ready to resume play when the referees indicate that the interval or timeout has ended. For timeouts, the second referee whistles a warning when 15 seconds remain, and whistles again at the end of the timeout. For the interval between games, the second referee whistles when 30 seconds remain and whistles again at the end of the interval. If teams do not appear to be moving from the bench toward the court when a few seconds remain, the second referee will verbally encourage the players to prepare to play. Extended team huddles after time has expired, either on or off the court, should be controlled. BASIC RULES a)Rally scoring a. If the serving team wins the rally, it scores a point and continues to serve. b. If the receiving (passing) team wins the rally, it scores a point, the players rotate and it gains the right to serve. b) Rotation a. When the receiving team has gained the right to serve, its players must rotate one position CLOCKWISE. c)Substitutions a. A substitution is the act by which the referees authorize a player to leave the court and a substitute will occupy that position. b. Limitations: A maximum of 18 substitutions are allowed per team per game. d) States of Play a. The rally begins with the referees whistle. The ball is in play from the service contact.

b. The rally ends with the referees whistle. c. The ball is considered in when it touches the floor of the playing court, including the boundary lines. d. The ball is out when no part of the ball contacts either boundary line or the area within the boundary lines , it contacts an object outside the court, or it contacts an antenna or supporting apparatus. e) Playing the Ball a. Each team is entitled to a maximum of three touches (not including a block) to return the ball to the opponents. f)Ball Touching the Net a.The ball may touch the net while crossing it. g) Ball in the Net a.A ball driven into the net may be recovered with the limits of the three touches.

h) Reaching Beyond the Net and Play Around the Net a. It is a fault to touch any part of the net, except for incidental contact by a players hair and insignificant contact by a player not involved in the action of playing the ball. i) Service Rules a. Service is the act of putting the ball into play by the right-back player who hits the ball with one hand or arm from the service zone. b. The server may move freely behind the end line. c. The server cannot step on the end line until after contact of the ball, and will result in a side out and a point will be awarded to the opponent. d. The serve is allowed to touch the net before going over.