Tammuz
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Jump to: navigation, search &onth 'umber( 'umber of )ays( *eason( +re,orian -.ui"alent( 6D *+ summer June8Ju&'
For the deity, see Tammuz (deity).
Tammuz (Hebrew: , Standard Tammuz Tiberian Tammz Arabic: !"# Temmouz$ is the tenth month o% the civi& 'ear and the %ourth month o% the ecc&esiastica& 'ear on the Hebrew ca&endar( )t is a summer month o% *+ da's( Tammu, usua&&' %a&&s out in June-Ju&' on the .regorian ca&endar( "Tammuz" (Arabic: !"#$, pronounced "Temmouz" in /evantine Arabic re%ers to the e0uiva&ent o% Ju&', thus in the /evant (/ebanon, S'ria, and 1a&estine$ Tammu, is the seventh month o% the .regorian ca&endar( The name o% the month was adopted %rom the 2ab'&onian ca&endar, in which the month was named a%ter one o% the main 2ab'&onian gods, Tammu, (Sumerian: 3umu,id$
Contents
4hide5 6 Ho&ida's in Tammu, 6(6 7habad8/ubavitch * Tammu, in Jewish histor' 9 :ther uses ; <e%erences )n %iction = <e%erences
[edit] Holidays in Tammuz
17 Tammuz 8 Seventeenth o% Tammu, - (Fast Day)
6> Tammu, is a %ast da' %rom 6 hour be%ore sunrise to sundown in remembrance o% Jerusa&em?s wa&&s being breached( 6> Tammu, is the beginning o% the Three @eeAs, in which Jews %o&&ow simi&ar customs as the ones %o&&owed during the :mer %rom the da' %o&&owing 1assover unti& the cu&mination o% the dwe&& re&ative to the death o% the students o% <abi AAiva the thirt'8third da' o% the :mer such as re%raining %rom marriage, grooming %estiva&s and %airs( The Three @eeAs cu&minate with Tisha 2e8Av (+th o% Av$( 3i%%erences between AshAena,ic and Se%ardic communities maAe the %ormer over&' more strict about the dwe&& %o&&owed during this weeAs( Bor eCamp&e, AshAena,ic communities re%rain %rom wine and meat since the beginning o% the month o% Av whi&e Se%ardic communities on&' do so since the beginning o% the weeA in which the +th o% Av occurs and unti& the end o% such date or in some occasions the end o% the 6Dth o% Av, which marAs the date in which the Second Temp&e?s destruction was accomp&ished as we&& as an important part o% the dwe&& o% the Jewish Eation %or the destruction o% the communities o% .ush Fati% and Eorth Samaria in )srae&( [edit] Chabad !uba"itch
Among the 7habad8/ubavitch, two maGor events are ce&ebrated in the %irst ha&% o% the month o% Tammu,( # Tammuz 8 .imme& Tammu, 8 the 'ahrt,eit (anniversar' o% the death$ o% the seventh /ubavitcher <ebbe, <abbi Henachem Hende& Schneerson( 1$ Tammuz and #% Tammuz 8 Bestiva& o% <edemption 8 commemorating the da's on which the previous
/ubavitcher <ebbe, <abbi Iose% Iit,chaA Schneersohn were re&eased %rom imprisonment in the Soviet Jnion %or teaching Judaism(
[edit] Tammuz in /e0ish history
# Tammuz 8 Joshua stops the sun( 1 Tammuz 8 (66>6$ 8 3eath o% <abbeinu Tam 1 Tammuz 8 (6*KL$ 8 Haharam imprisoned 2 Tammuz 8 (;*+ 27M$ 8 M,eAie&?s vision o% the N7hariotN :n the =th o% Tammu, o% the Hebrew 'ear 999* (;*+ 27M$, M,eAie&, the on&' one o% the 1rophets to prophes' outside o% the Ho&' /and, had a vision o% the 3ivine N7hariotN representing the spiritua& in%rastructure o% creation( See M,eAie& 6:;8*L 3 Tammuz 8 (6+>L$ 8 Mntebbe <escue 4 Tammuz 8 (=KL 27M$ 8 Jerusa&em @a&&s breached The 2ab'&onian armies o% Fing Eebuchadne,,ar breached the wa&&s o% Jerusa&em on the +th o% Tammu, in the Hebrew 'ear 999K (=KL 27M$( Fing OiddiAiahu o% Judah was captured and taAen to 2ab'&on( A month &ater, the capture o% Jerusa&em was comp&eted with the destruction o% the Ho&' Temp&e and the eCi&e o% a&& but a sma&& number o% Jews to 2ab'&on55$( Tammu, + was observed as a %ast da' unti& the second breaching o% Jerusa&em?s wa&&s (b' the <omans$ on the 6>th o% Tammu,, Hebrew 'ear 9K9D (>D 7M$, at which time the <abbis moved the %ast to that date( This is according to the Ta&mud, 44<osh Hashanah (Ta&mud$P<osh Hashanah55 and Tur :rach 7haim =;+55( However, Faraite Jews continue to observe the %ast on Tammu, +( 12 Tammuz 8 (6>;9$ 8 3eath o% <abbi 7ha'im ben Attar (:hr Ha7ha'im$ 17 Tammuz 8 (=KL 27M$ 8 Temp&e service disrupted The dai&' sacri%icia& o%%erings (Forban Tamid$ in the Ho&' Temp&e were discontinued, three weeAs be%ore the 2ab'&onians? destruction o% the Birst Temp&e in =KL 27M( 17 Tammuz 8 (>D 7M$ 8 Jerusa&em @a&&s 2reached The other three nationa& tragedies mourned on Tammu, 6> are connected with the <oman con0uest o% Jerusa&em and their destruction o% the Second Temp&e in the 'ear >D 7M: Birst&', the wa&&s o% the besieged cit' o% Jerusa&em were breached( Second&', the <oman genera& Apostomus burned the Torah and, third he p&aced an ido& in the Ho&' Temp&e( The %ighting in Jerusa&em continued %or three weeAs unti& the +th o% Av, when the Ho&' Temp&e was set a%&ame( $1 Tammuz 8 (6L9L$ 8 3eath o% 2aa& Shem o% @orms Fabba&ist <abbi M&i'ahu ben Hoshe /oan,, Anown as N<abbi M&i'ahu 2aa& ShemN o% @orms, .erman', died on the *6st o% Tammu, o% the Hebrew 'ear =9+L (6L9L 7M$( He was a grandson o% the shtad&an (Jewish activist$ <abbi Jose&man o% <osheim, and the author o% Hich&a& Io%i commentar' on Mcc&esiastes( $$ Tammuz 8 (6>+*$ 8 3eath o% <abbi Sh&omo o% Far&in $# Tammuz 8 (6=>D$ 8 3eath o% <abbi Hoshe 7ordovero $5 Tammuz 8 (6K;6$ 8 3eath o% Iismach Hoshe $4 Tammuz 8 (66D=$ 8 3eath o% <ashi This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it(
[edit] 6ther uses
Tammu, is a&so the name %or Ju&' in the Arabic civi& ca&endar( NTemmu,N is the name %or the month o% Ju&' in TurAish(
[edit] 7eferences 8n fiction
)n the stor' o% Qenogears, Tammuz is the name o% a countr', named a%ter the Hebrew month( )n the o%%icia& Japanese version trans&ation, however, it was trans&iterated Tamuzu( This was &ater %urther changed b' the trans&ation process to Thames %or the Mng&ish version(
