“The Choosing of the Seven”

(Acts 6:1-7)

I. Introduction.
A. Orientation.
1. Last week, we saw an escalation in Satan’s persecution against the church.
a. The devil hates God and His work.
b. He will do everything he can to stop the advancement of His kingdom: That’s
why the work is so difficult.
(i) The world system is opposed to it.
(ii) The people of the world are opposed to it.
(iii) Even our corruption/flesh is opposed to it.

c. When God rises up and pushes His kingdom forward by His Word and Spirit, the
devil also rises up to stop it.
(i) The Gospel was advancing and bearing fruit.
(ii) Multitudes of men and women were being saved.
(iii) So Satan moved his key players against it: the leaders of Israel, the entire
Senate of the sons of Israel.
(iv) They were hoping to put a swift end to this movement once and for all.

2. But when Satan rises up to hinder God’s work, God also rises up to advance it.
a. God only allows this resistance that He might be glorified when He overcomes it.
b. The apostles were arrested and put in jail, but the Lord released them and sent
them back to the work.
c. When they were arrested again and brought to trial, the Lord gave Peter the
boldness to preach the Gospel to them, and moved on Gamaliel to intercede.
(i) Gamaliel was most likely not a believer, nor did he ever become one.
(ii) But the Lord used his counsel to cause these leaders to back off and to leave
an open door for the continuance of the Gospel.
(iii) Every day, they kept right on teaching and preaching Jesus as the Christ,
both in the Temple and from house to house.

B. Preview.
1. But of course, as the movement continued to grow, and more and more Jews were
brought into the kingdom, the potential for problems continued to increase.
a. Here we read of the first issue that caused a division in the ranks.
(i) Up to this point, there were no issues.
(ii) They were of one mind and one heart.
(iii) Ananias and Sapphira had sinned and had been struck down for their lies, but
this was localized and only helped to promote fear, love and unity, as we saw
earlier.
(iv ) But now thing were changing.
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b. Apparently, there were those who believed a certain group was being overlooked
in the daily ministry of charity: the Hellenistic widows.
(i) The work had become too great for the apostles to personally oversee.
(ii) Things were slipping through the cracks.
(iii) But to give up their labors in the Gospel to tend to it would have cost the
work too much.
(iv) And so now they find it necessary to introduce a new office of mercy into the
church: that of the deacon.

2. This morning, let’s consider the circumstances surrounding the beginning of the
office of deacon. We’ll look at three things:
a. First, the problem: a complaint or division in the ranks.
b. Second, the solution: the beginning of a new office in the church.
c. Finally, the result: the Gospel continued to advance.

II. Sermon.
A. First, let’s consider the problem: “Now at this time while the disciples were increasing
in number, a complaint arose on the part of the Hellenistic Jews against the native
Hebrews, because their widows were being overlooked in the daily serving of food” (v.
1).
1. Actually, we see something good and something bad: the good was that the disciples
were increasing in number.
a. The leaders had persecuted the movement, but in spite of this the church
continued to grow.
b. What a blessing it is to see the lost turn from their sins/wicked ways, embrace
Christ and begin to walk with Him.
(i) What an encouragement this must have been for them.
(ii) They saw the Lord at work; He was glorifying His name through them.
(iii) He was gathering the lost sheep of the house of Israel.

2. But the bad was that discord was developing.

a. With more people, the potential for division increases.
(i) Unity is something the Spirit gives: the blessing of love for one another.
(ii) It is Christ’s witness to the world He is among us.
(iii) That’s why we must labor to preserve it.
(a) Paul writes to the Ephesians, “Therefore I, the prisoner of the Lord,
implore you to walk in a manner worthy of the calling with which you have
been called, with all humility and gentleness, with patience, showing
tolerance for one another in love, being diligent to preserve the unity of the
Spirit in the bond of peace” (4:1-3).
(b) It isn’t preserved automatically:
(1) We must maintain the fullness of the Spirit in our hearts.
(2) We must overlook small offenses.
(3) We must be willing to forgive larger offenses.
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b. The particular problem they were faced with was that Hellenistic Jews
complained that the native Jews weren’t ministering to their widows in the daily
serving of food.
(i) The Hellenistic Jews were those who spoke Greek: coming from other parts
of the Roman Empire, perhaps those converted at Pentecost.
(ii) The native Jews were the Hebrew speaking Jews born in Palestine.
(iii) These native Jews were apparently helping to administer the resources of the
church at that time.
(a) But in their work, they were overlooking the Hellenistic widows.
(b) Lowe-Nida’s Lexicon tells us that this should be translated: “because
when help was being given out each day, their widows got nothing.”
(c) We’re not sure why this was the case – perhaps the native Hebrews were
biased against them.
(d) But as you can see, their neglect of this area was a very just concern.
(e) The qualification of widows indeed perhaps could not be enacted – since
the church was in her infancy (1 Tim. 5).
(f) But there was no one to take care of them, so the church needed to do so.

B. Second, we see the Lord’s solution to the problem: the establishing of a new office in
the church: that of deacon.
1. First, the apostles realized that they would not be able to meet this need and still do
what the Lord had called them to do (v. 2).
a. They couldn’t leave their spiritual duties to attend to these physical duties –
though these were also very important.
(i) They didn’t have enough time, energy, resources.
(a) Generally speaking, to anything really well, you must focus the majority of
your energies on that thing, otherwise your work will be mediocre at best.
(b) Paul exhorted Timothy, “Do not neglect the spiritual gift within you,
which was bestowed on you through prophetic utterance with the laying on
of hands by the presbytery. Take pains with these things; be absorbed in
them, so that your progress will be evident to all” (1 Tim. 4:14-15; cf. 2
Tim. 2:4).

(ii) The apostles had their hands full teaching, preaching and praying.
(iii) They couldn’t leave this undone in order to wait on tables.

b. So they called the congregation of the Lord’s people together to tell them what
they had decided.
(i) They were to choose seven men that they would put in charge of this ministry,
men who would manage it without the apostles needing to be directly involved.
(ii) The congregation would have a better idea of whose these men were, since
they spent more time with them.
(iii) This has become a principle in at least the Presbyterian and Independent
forms of church government: the congregation recognizes those who are gifted
among them and has the right to desire that they exercise those gifts for their
spiritual well-being.
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(iv) These seven men would then serve (( ) those in need.

2. But these seven men had to meet certain qualifications: “Therefore, brethren, select
from among you seven men of good reputation, full of the Spirit and of wisdom,
whom we may put in charge of this task” (v. 3).
a. They had to have a good reputation: men of integrity, free from scandal, well
spoken of, who would be a credit to the office.
b. They had to be full of the Holy Spirit – have His gifts and grace necessary to do
the work.
c. And they had to be full of wisdom – to minister mercy on behalf of Christ.
d. Of course, they also had to be seven men who wouldn’t show partiality, and who
had a heart for the work.
e. We’ll go over the qualifications more fully this evening, consider how they are
qualified and why they need these qualifications.
f. These men would be devoted to the oversight of the ministry of mercy.
g. At the same time, this would free up the apostles to continue the work Christ had
called them to. “But we will devote ourselves to prayer and to the ministry of the
word” (v. 4).
(i) These were the two primary means by which the kingdom was advanced, even
in the day when the gifts of the Spirit were operative and the Lord continued to
do signs, wonders and miracles. This is what they relied on.
(a) Through prayer, we speak to God and lay before Him all our needs and our
desires that His kingdom advance.
(b) Through the Word, He speaks to us to build us up in grace and to the lost
to call them to faith in Christ.

(ii) This is the work the Lord calls His ministers to do, and the deacons make this
possible by providing oversight of the material needs of the flock.

3. We read, “The statement found approval with the whole congregation; and they
chose Stephen, a man full of faith and of the Holy Spirit, and Philip, Prochorus,
Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas and Nicolas, a proselyte from Antioch. And these they
brought before the apostles; and after praying, they laid their hands on them” (vv. 5-
6).
a. The Spirit, working in the congregation, showed them the wisdom of this course
of action.
(i) They saw that it was to their advantage two ways: it would meet the physical
needs of their widows, as well as free the apostles up to minister to them
spiritually and advance the kingdom more effectively.
(ii) They also saw that this would best honor Christ.
(iii) And so they agreed.

b. They chose seven men.

(i) Why they chose these seven, we don’t know for certain.
(ii) Certainly, they met the criteria; perhaps they were among those who had sold
land and contributed the proceeds to meet the needs of the disciples.
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(iii) But one thing is certain, the seven men had Greek names, which means that
they were probably among the Hellenistic Jews whose widows were being
overlooked.
(iv) They were:
(a) Stephen, a man full of faith and the Holy Spirit. Later, we’ll see him
testify of God’s grace and of the leaders of Israel’s sins and become the first
martyr.
(b) Philip, who later became an evangelist: just because someone serves as a
deacon doesn’t mean that he won’t later be used by the Lord for other
ministries.
(c) “Prochorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas and Nicolas, a proselyte from
Antioch” (v. 5).
(1) We don’t know anything further about these others.
(2) Except Nicolas, whom some believe to be the founder of the sect
known as the Nicolaitans (Rev. 2:6, 15; as a Judas among the seven),
although others believe they only took their name from him [the
Nicolaitans believed all things should be shared in common, including
their wives).

c. They brought these men to the apostles.

(i) Who probably examined them.
(ii) Prayed for them: for God’s wisdom, grace and empowering/blessing.
(iii) And laid hands on them, ordaining them/conferring on them the authority to
exercise this office for the good of the church, and obliging the people to help
them in their service.

C. Finally, we see the result: the Gospel continued to advance.

1. “The word of God kept on spreading; and the number of the disciples continued to
increase greatly in Jerusalem, and a great many of the priests were becoming
obedient to the faith” (v. 7).
2. When things are done God’s way, God’s blessing attends the work.
a. The Word of God continued to be proclaimed.
b. The disciples were increasing in number.
c. And even a large number of priests were being converted.
(i) This is interesting because the priests’ livelihood came from their service in
the Temple.
(ii) If they converted to Christianity, they lost their employment and means of
provision.
(iii) But they were willing to do this to honor God, and undoubtedly the Lord
honored them by taking care of their needs. (This is why He allowed those
with property to have it in the first place: to take care of the needs of those
who would be displaced by the Gospel in a decidedly Jewish environment.)
(iv) But again, when we do things God’s way, with His wisdom, using our gifts
and resources to serve Him and His kingdom, the Gospel advances.
(v) Let’s pray that the Lord will help us to do so in our generation that His
kingdom might grow and prosper in our time. Amen.