Drug Data Classification Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindications Adverse Reaction Nursing Responsibilities
Generic Name Pharmacologic General Concentrations Disulfiram with Alcohol Before
Disulfiram Class Inhibits the enzyme aldehyde Indications - Allergy to disulfiram or - Observe 15 rights of drug
Enzyme inhibitor dehydrogenase, blocking - Aids in the other thiuram derivatives CNS: Throbbing, headaches, administration.
Trade Name oxidation of alcohol and management of used in pesticides and syncope, weakness, vertigo, - Reduce dosage with hepatic or
Antabuse Therapeutic allowing acetaldehyde to selected chronic rubber vulcanization confusion, seizures, renal failure.
Class accumulate to concentrations alcoholics who - Severe myocardial unconsciousness, throbbing in - Assess for hypersensitivity to drug.
Minimum Dose Antialcoholic in the blood 5-10 times higher want to remain in a disease or coronary head and neck - Assess for any contraindications to
125 mg/day than normally achieved during state of enforced occlusion the drug.
Pregnancy Risk alcohol metabolism; society - Psychoses CV: Flushing, chest pain, - Educate about seriousness of
Maximum Dose Factor accumulation of acetaldehyde - Current or recent palpitations, tachycardia, disulfiram-alcohol reaction and
500 mg/day PO in C produces the highly unpleasant treatment with hypotension, arrhythmias, CV the potential consequences of
single dose reaction described below that metronidazole, collapse, acute heart failure, MI alcohol use.
deters consumption of alcohol. paraldehyde, alcohol,
Contents alcohol-containing Dermatologic: Sweating During
Disulfiram Pharmacokinetics preparations - Do not administer until patient
- Pregnancy EENT: Blurred vision has abstained from alcohol for
Availability and D: Crosses placenta; enters at least 12 hours.
Precaution - Administer orally; tablets may
color breast milk GI: Nausea, copious vomiting,
- Diabetes mellitus be crushed and mixed with
- Tablets: 250 M: Hepatic thirst
- Hypothyroidism liquid beverages.
mg E: Feces, lungs - Epilepsy
Respiratory: Respiratory - Institute supportive measures
- Cerebral Damage if disulfiram-alcohol reaction
Routes of Route Onse Peak Duration difficulty, dyspnea,
t - Chronic and acute occurs; oxygen, carbon dioxide
administration hyperventilation
Oral slow 12 hr 1-2 wk nephritis combination, massive doses of
Oral
- Hepatic cirrhosis or vitamin C IV, ephedrine have
Other: Death
impairment been used.
Drug Half Life
Disulfiram alone - Monitor LFTs to evaluate for
Unclear Drug interaction hepatic impairment.
Drug to drug - Stay with patient throughout
CNS: Drowsiness, fatigability,
- Increased serum levels whole duration of
headache, restlessness,
and risk of toxicity of administration.
peripheral neuropathy, optic or
phenytoin and its
retrobulbar neuritis
congeners, diazepam, After
chlordiazepoxide - Monitor client for at least 30
Dermatologic: Skin eruptions,
- Increased therapeutic minutes.
acneiforn eruptions, allergic
and toxic effects of - Instruct to report unusual
dermatitis
theophyllines and bleeding or bruising, yellowing
caffeine of skin, eyes, chest pain,
GI: Metallic or garliclike
- Severe alcohol- difficulty breathing, ingestion of
aftertaste, hepatotoxicity
intolerance any alcohol.
Reactions with any - Instruct to take drug daily.
alcohol-containing liquid - Instruct to abstain from forms
medications of alcohol.
- Acute toxic psychosis - Instruct to have periodic blood
with metronidazole tests while taking drug.
Drug to food - Do proper documentation.
- none reported
Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source:
Karch, Amy: 2009 Karch, Amy: 2009 Karch, Amy: 2009 Lippincott’s Nursing Karch, Amy: 2009 Karch, Amy: 2009 Lippincott’s Karch, Amy: 2009 Lippincott’s Nursing Karch, Amy: 2009 Lippincott’s Nursing
Lippincott’s Nursing Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Guide, pp. 396-397 Lippincott’s Nursing Nursing Drug Guide, pp. 397 Drug Guide, pp. 397 Drug Guide, pp. 397-398
Drug Guide, pp. 396- Drug Guide, pp. 396 Drug Guide, pp. 397
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