Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION

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Name: ___________________
(To be written by the candidates)
NATIONAL CERTIFICATION EXAMINATION 2007
FOR
ENERGY MANAGERS & ENERGY AUDITORS
PAPER 1: Geera! A"pe#t" $% Eer&' Maa&e(et & Eer&' A)*+t
Date: 21.04.2007 Timings: 0!0"12!0 #R$ D%ration: ! #R$ &a'. &ar(s: 1)0
Se#t+$ I: O,-ECTI.E TYPE Mar/": 00 1 1 2 00
(i) *nswer a++ 00 ,%estions
(ii) -ach ,%estion carries $e mar(
(iii) .%t a () tic( mar( in the a//ro/riate bo' in the answer boo(
1. .rimary energy so%rces are
a) coa+ b) therma+ energy 0o%nd in earth1s interior
c) /otentia+ energy d%e to earth gra2ity *3 a!! $% t4e a5$6e
2. The co%ntry which has the +argest share o0 coa+ reser2e is
a) 3hina b) R%ssia #3 USA d) 4ndia
!. $e+ect the incorrect statement with res/ect to Nitrogen 5'ide(N5')
a3 +t +" %$r(e* *)r+& !$7 te(perat)re #$(5)"t+$ pr$#e"" %r$( t4e
$1+*at+$ $% +tr$&e + t4e a+r a*8$r %)e!
b) it irritates the res/iratory system and may worsen asthma
c) in the /resence o0 s%n+ight6 it reacts with hydrocarbons to 0orm o7one
d) it combines with water 2a/o%r to 0orm nitric acid
4. 3hoose the incorrect statement with res/ect to greenho%se gases
a3 t4e' (a/e)p $!' 10 per#et $% at($"p4ere
b) methane and nitro%s o'ide are greenho%se gases
c) carbon dio'ide is res/onsib+e 0or 80 /ercent o0 the 9enhanced greenho%se
e00ect:
d) the esca/e o0 s+ow mo2ing re"emitted in0rared radiation 0rom the earth is
de+ayed by the greenho%se gases
). The -nergy 3onser2ation *ct 2001 does not re,%ire designated cons%mers
to com/+y with the /ro2ision o0
a) a//oint; designate a certi0ied energy manager
53 #$*)#t a eer&' a)*+t t4r$)&4 a #ert+%+e* eer&' a)*+t$r
c) com/+y with energy cons%m/tion norms < standards
d) s%bmit an ann%a+ re/ort on the stat%s o0 energy cons%m/tion to
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
designated agency
8. &a'im%m demand o0 e+ectricity %sed in ind%stry as shown in a month+y %ti+ity
e+ectricity bi++ is the
a) instantaneo%s highest (>* recorded d%ring any /oint o0 time within
the month
b) a2erage (>* recorded within the month
#3 4+&4e"t a6era&e /.A re#$r*e* *)r+& a' $e9*e(a* +ter6a!
7+t4+ t4e ($t4
d) d) none o0 the abo2e
7. * 2!0> 6 100 ? rated incandescent b%+b is o/erated at a constant 2o+tage o0
2)0>. The a//ro'imate /ower cons%m/tion o0 b%+b is
a) 100 ? 53 11: ; c) @) ? d) none o0 the abo2e
@. #eat which6 when added or s%btracted does not res%+ts in a change o0
tem/erat%re is ca++ed as
a) sensib+e heat b) !atet 4eat c) s/eci0ic heat d) heat ca/acity
. * three /hase ind%ction motor is drawing 10 *m/ere at 400 >o+ts. 40 the
o/erating /ower 0actor o0 the motor is 0.@) and the motor e00iciency is 0A6
then the mechanica+ sha0t /ower o%t/%t o0 the motor is
a) ).@@ (? b) 8. (? c) 0<= /; d) none o0 the abo2e
10. Bi+o >o+t *m/ere ((>*) in a three /hase e+ectrica+ circ%it co%+d be written as
a) >o+tage ' *m/ere 53 1<7=2 1.$!ta&e 1 A(pere
1000 16000
c) >o+tage ' *m/ere '16000 d) none o0 the abo2e
11. .ower 0actor in an a+ternating c%rrent (*3) circ%it is gi2en by
a) (? ; (>* b) (? ; ((?
2
C(>*r
2
)
1;2
c) D((>* C (>*r) ' ((>* E (>*r)F
1;2
; (>* *3 a!! t4e a5$6e
12. 4n an indirect heating o0 a chemica+ /rocess6 steam gi2es o%t more heat than
an e,%a+ amo%nt o0 boi+ing water at 100deg 3 beca%se o0 its
a3 !atet 4eat b)sensib+e heat
c) good cond%ction d) good con2ection
1!. The 0actor which is norma++y not in2o+2ed in deciding 0ina+ cost o0 /%rchased
e+ectricity is
a) ma'im%m demand charge b) -nergy 3harge
c) .ower 0actor 3harge d) rea#t+6e p$7er #4ar&e
14.
The /ercentage o0 energy sa2ed at the c%rrent rate o0 %se6 com/ared to the
re0erence year rate o0 %se6 is ca++ed
a) energy conser2ation b) energy e00iciency
c) eer&' per%$r(a#e d) bench mar(ing
1). .re"a%dit /hase does not inc+%de
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
a) /+an and organise
b) wa+( thro%gh a%dit
c) in0orma+ inter2iew with /+ant /ersonne+
*3 #$"tr)#t eer&' a* (a"" 5a!a#e
18. Gor ca+c%+ating /+ant energy /er0ormance which o0 the 0o++owing data is not
re,%ired

a) /rod%ction 0actor b) re0erence year energy %se
c) c%rrent year energy %se d) #apa#+t' )t+!+"at+$
17. ?hich one is not an energy cons%m/tion benchmar( /arameterH
a) /;48 t$ $% re%r+&erat+$ b) (ca+; (g. o0 c+in(er
c) (?h; ton o0 cement d) boi+er e2a/oration ratio
1@. ?hich one is the (ey e+ement 0or s%ccess0%+ -nergy &anagementH
a) training b) /+anning c) monitoring d) t$p (aa&e(et ")pp$rt
1. * so+%tion o0 common sa+t in water is /re/ared by adding 1@ (g o0 sa+t to 100
(g o0 water6 to ma(e a +i,%id o0 density 1200 (g;m
!
. The concentration o0 sa+t
in this so+%tion as a weight 0raction is
a) 0.1888 b) 0<1020 c) 0.1@ d) none o0 the abo2e
20. 40 air consists o0 77A by weight o0 nitrogen and 2!A by weight o0 o'ygen 6 the
mean mo+ec%+ar weight o0 air is6
a) 11. b) 2:<: c) 17.7 d) none o0 the abo2e
21. * materia+ ba+ance is based on
a) 2o+%me b) (a"" c) concentration d) tem/erat%re
22. 3oncentrations can be e'/ressed in
a) weight; weight (w;w) b) weight;2o+%me (w;2)
c) mo+ar concentration (&) d) a!! t4e a5$6e
2!. * 0%rnace oi+ 0ired boi+er o/erates at an e'cess air o0 20 A. 40 the
stochiometric air 0%e+ ratio is 14 then 0or an oi+ cons%m/tion o0 )0 (g /er ho%r6
0+%e gas +iberated in (g;hr wo%+d be
a) 700 b) 1400 c) :>0 d) none o0 the abo2e
24. 20 m
!
o0 water is mi'ed with 20 m
!
o0 another +i,%id with a s/eci0ic gra2ity o0
1.! (g;+itre. The mass o0 the mi't%re wo%+d be
a) 40 tonnnes b) ?@ t$e" c) !).! tonnes d) none o0 the abo2e
2). 4n a coo+ing tower the circ%+ation rate o0 water is 200 m
!
;hr. The b+ow down
+oad is 2A and the e2a/oration and dri0t +osses are 1A 6 the ma(e %/ water
re,%irement is
a) 2 m
!
;hr b) ! m
!
;hr c) 4 m
!
;hr d) @ (
=
84r
28. *n organi7ation whi+e estab+ishing energy management system6 need to
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=%rea% o0 -nergy -00iciency
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
a) a//oint energy manager b) 0orm a dedicated energy team
c) instit%te an energy /o+icy d) a!! t4e a5$6e
27. The 0o++owing is not a negati2e 0orce in a 0orce 0ie+d ana+ysis
a) absence o0 cor/orate energy /o+icy
b) +ac( o0 awareness thro%gho%t the com/any
c) com/eting cor/orate /riorities
*3 eer&' +" a re!at+6e!' 4+&4 #$(p$et $% t4e pr$*)#t #$"t
2@. ?hich o0 the 0o++owing is the +east im/ortant o0 a good energy in0ormation
system
a) data re+e2ance b) *ata 6$!)(e
c) data acc%racy d) data 2a+idation
2. * s%m o0 Rs 10000 is de/osited in a ban( as a 0i'ed de/osit 0or ! years .
The ban( /ays A interest ann%a++y. #ow m%ch money6 in Rs.6 wi++ be
recei2ed at the mat%rity i0 the 0i'ed de/osit is encashedH
a) 12>00 b) 12700 c) 11@00 d) none o0 the abo2e
!0. .-RT; 3.& /ro2ides the 0o++owing bene0its
a) /redicts the time re,%ired to com/+ete the /roIect
b) shows acti2ities which are critica+ to maintaining the sched%+e
c) gra/hica+ 2iew o0 the /roIect
d) a!! t4e a5$6e
!1.
?hich o0 the 0o++owing e,%ation is %sed to ca+c%+ate the 0%t%re 2a+%e o0 the
cash 0+owH
a) N.> (1 E i)
n
b) N.> C (1 E i)
n
c) NP. A1 B +3

d) N.>; (1 C i)
n

!2. $e+ect the wrong statement
a) N.> o0 a /roIect is e,%a+ to s%m o0 the a++ /resent 2a+%es o0 the cash 0+ows
b) N.> re/resents the net bene0it o2er and abo2e com/ensation 0or time and
ris(
c) a##ept t4e pr$Ce#t +% NP. +" e&at+6e
d) N.> ta(es into acco%nt time 2a+%e o0 money
!!. The interna+ rate o0 ret%rn is the disco%nt rate 0or which the N.> is
a) +ess than 1 b) C2e c) E2e d) Der$
!4. ?hat is the e'/ected Ret%rn on 4n2estment (R54) 0rom the /roIect with Rs.10
+a(hs in2estment and ann%a+ sa2ing o0 Rs.!.0 +a(hs and ann%a+ o/erating
cost o0 Rs.1.0 +a(hs
a) 20E b) 2)A c) !0A d) 10 A
!).
R54 m%st a+ways be ___ than interest rate
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
a) +ower b) e,%a+ c) 4+&4er d) +ower or e,%a+
!8. ?hich s%bIect is not so im/ortant in the screening o0 /roIects in a need
identi0ication
a) +(p!e(etat+$ per+$* b) a2ai+abi+ity o0 techno+ogy
c) s%stainabi+ity o0 the sa2ings d) cost"e00ecti2eness
!7. The sim/+est techni,%e 0or sched%+ing o0 tas(s and trac(ing /rogress is
a) 3.& b) Gatt #4art c) .-RT d) 3J$J&
!@. 3ritica+ /ath in a 3.& networ( diagram
a) is the shortest /ath in a networ(
53 +" t4e !$&e"t pat4 + a et7$r/
c) in which a++ acti2ities o0 +ong d%ration 0a++
d) in which some o0 the acti2ities may ha2e s+ac( time
!. 4n a c%m%+ati2e s%m chart( 3J$J&)6 i0 the gra/h is hori7onta+6 then
a) a#t)a! a* #a!#)!ate* eer&' #$")(pt+$ are t4e "a(e
b) energy cons%m/tion is red%ced
c) s/eci0ic energy cons%m/tion is increasing
d) nothing can be said
40. 4n an ind%stry6 the energy cons%med 0or a /eriod is ! +a(hs (?h. The
/rod%ction in this /eriod is 106000 tonnes with a s/eci0ic energy cons%m/tion
o0 2) (?h; tonne. The 0i'ed energy cons%m/tion ((?h) o0 the /+ant 0or that
/eriod is
a) 27)000 b) 2)000 c) 00000 d) none o0 the abo2e
41. 4n the 9energy 2ers%s /rod%ction chart: KL coordinate system6 the trend is
a) a+ways a straight +ine going thro%gh 7ero /oint b) sometimes a c%r2e
c) ne2er a straight +ine d) a!7a'" a "tra+&4t !+e
42.
The 0actor that re0+ects the ris( o0 the /roIect whi+e e2a+%ating the /resent
2a+%e o0 the e'/ected 0%t%re cash 0+ow is
a) +i0e o0 the /roIect b) *+"#$)t rate
c) ca/ita+ cost d) a++ the abo2e
4!. Gi'ed energy cons%m/tion can be determined 0rom a
a) Mantt chart b) $an(y diagram c) bar chart d) X Y #$$r*+ate "'"te(
44. * 0actory s%bstit%tes e'/ensi2e oi+ and starts 0iring rice h%s( in a boi+er. The
0o++owing scenario is most +i(e+y to ha//en
a) higher 0%e+ cost b) higher boi+er e00iciency
c) +ess /artic%+ate emissions in the stac( d) 4+&4er eer&' #$")(pt+$
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
4). The ratio o0 energy cons%m/tion to corres/onding /rod%ction ,%antity is
ca++ed
a) energy /er0ormance b) /rod%ction 0actor
c) "pe#+%+# eer&' #$")(pt+$ d) s/eci0ic /rod%ction ratio
48. 57one +ayer is 0o%nd in the stratos/here between
a) ) to 10 (m abo2e the gro%nd b) 10 t$ 00 /( a5$6e t4e &r$)*
c) )0 to 100 (m abo2e the gro%nd d) 100 to 200 (m abo2e the gro%nd
47. *ccording to Byoto .rotoco+s6 *nne' 44 /arties
a) are de2e+o/ing co%ntries
b) ha2e the same ob+igations as o0 *nne' 4 co%ntries
#3 are a!"$ Ae1 I #$)tr+e" 5)t 4a6e a "pe#+a! $5!+&at+$ t$
pr$6+*e e7 a* a**+t+$a! %+a#+a! "$)r#e" t$ *e6e!$p+&
#$)tr+e"
d) none o0 the abo2e
4@. 3hanging 0rom 0%rnace oi+ 0iring to nat%ra+ gas 0iring wi++ res%+t in
a) increased 352 emissions b) *e#rea"e* SO2 e(+""+$"
c) decreased A o0 wet 0+%e gas +oss d) none o0 the abo2e
4. The M+oba+ ?arming .otentia+ (M?.) o0 nitro%s o'ide is
a) 1@.7 b) 270 c) 21 d) 1
)0. Red%ction o0 which o0 the 0o++owing does not ,%a+i0y 0or 3D&
a) 352 b) SO2 c) .er0+%orocarbons (.G3) d) $G8
-------- End of Section - I ---------
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
Se#t+$ 9 II: SFORT DESCRIPTI.E GUESTIONS Mar/": 10 1 0 2 00
(i) *nswer a++ Te ,%estions
(ii) -ach ,%estion carries F+6e mar(s
$"1 -nergy conser2ation and energy e00iciency are se/arate6 b%t re+ated conce/ts.
N%sti0y the abo2e statement in brie0

-nergy 3onser2ation and -nergy -00iciency are se/arate6 b%t re+ated conce/ts.
-nergy conser2ation is achie2ed when growth o0 energy cons%m/tion is red%ced6
meas%red in /hysica+ terms. -nergy 3onser2ation can6 there0ore6 be the res%+t o0
se2era+ /rocesses or de2e+o/ments6 s%ch as /rod%cti2ity increase or techno+ogica+
/rogress.
5n the other hand -nergy e00iciency is achie2ed when energy intensity in a s/eci0ic
/rod%ct6 /rocess or area o0 /rod%ction or cons%m/tion is red%ced witho%t a00ecting
o%t/%t cons%m/tion or com0ort +e2e+s.
.romotion o0 energy e00iciency wi++ contrib%te to energy conser2ation and is there0ore
an integra+ /art o0 energy conser2ation /romotiona+ /o+icies.
$"2 * gas 0ired water heater heats water 0+owing at the rate o0 ) +itres /er min%te
0rom 20
o
3 to 7)
o
3. 40 the M3> o0 the gas is 4'10
7
N;(g6 what is the rate o0
comb%stion o0 gas in (g;min ( *ss%me e00iciency o0 water heaterO 80A 6
density o0 water O1000 (g; m
!
6 s/eci0ic heat o0 waterO 4.2'10
!
N;(g;o3)
A"7er:
>o+%me o0 water heated ) +itres;min
&ass o0 water heated ) (g;min
#eat s%//+ied by gas ' e00iciency #eat re,%ired by water
&ass o0 gas (g; min ' ( 4'10
7
N;(g) '
0.8
m ' 3/ ' ( t2"t1)
) (g;min ' (4.2'10
!
N;(g;
o
3 ) ' (7)"20) o3
0.04@1 (g;min

$"! Name the instr%ments %sed 0or the 0o++owing meas%rements:
a)This instr%ment has in"b%i+t chemica+ ce++s which meas%re 2ario%s gases
s%ch as 526 356 N5K and $5K.

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=%rea% o0 -nergy -00iciency
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
b) * hand be++ow /%m/ draws the 0+%e gas sam/+e into the so+%tion inside the
instr%ment. * chemica+ reaction changes the +i,%id 2o+%me re2ea+ing the
amo%nt o0 gas.
c) These are thermoco%/+es which meas%res 0+%e gas6 hot air6 hot water
tem/erat%res by insertion o0 /robe into the stream
d) 4++%mination +e2e+s are meas%red with this meter. 4t consists o0 a /hoto ce++
which senses the +ight o%t/%t6 con2erts to e+ectrica+ im/%+ses which are
ca+ibrated in terms o0 i++%mination +e2e+s
e) This is a non"contact ty/e meas%rement which when directed at a heat
so%rce direct+y gi2es the tem/erat%re read o%t.
*ns:
a) C$(5)"t+$ aa!'Der
b) F'r+te
c) C$ta#t t4er($(eter
d) L)1 (eter"
e) I%rare* T4er($(eter A $r T4er($ p$+t3
$"4 * dri++ing machine drawing contin%o%s+y )(? o0 in/%t /ower and with an
e00iciency o0 )0A6 is %sed in dri++ing a bore in an a+%mini%m b+oc( o0 )(g o0
mass. #ow m%ch wi++ be the rise in tem/erat%re o0 the b+oc( at the end o0 100
seconds. *ss%me 20A o0 the energy im/arted to the b+oc( is +ost to
s%rro%ndings and the ba+ance is absorbed by the b+oc( in its %ni0orm heating6
and the s/eci0ic heat o0 a+%mini%m b+oc( O 00 N;(g;degree B
A"7er:
.ower in/%t to the dri++ing machine O )(?
.ower o%t/%t o0 dri++ing machine O )'0.)
O 2.) (?
O2.)'1000 ?
Pet Q be the energy %sed in dri++ing o0 bore 6 Q O 2.)'1000'100 watt"sec
O 2)0000 N
$ince 20A o0 this energy is +ost in s%rro%ndings6
-00ecti2e6 energy absorbed by b+oc(6Q1 O2)0000'0.@
O200000 N
There0ore 200000O m ' c / ' (tem/ rise)
O ) ' 00 ' tem/ rise
tem/ rise O 200000;()'00)
O 44.4
o
3
$") De0ine the energy a%dit as /er the -nergy 3onser2ation *ct 2001H
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=%rea% o0 -nergy -00iciency
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
*s /er the -nergy 3onser2ation *ct6 20016 -nergy *%dit is de0ined as 9the
6er+%+#at+$6 ($+t$r+& and aa!'"+" $% )"e $% eer&' inc+%ding s%bmission o0
technica+ re/ort containing recommendations 0or im/ro2ing energy e00iciency with #$"t
5ee%+t aa!'"+" and an a#t+$ p!a t$ re*)#e eer&' #$")(pt+$:..
$"8 * boi+er %ses 0%rnace oi+ to generate steam. The 0%rnace oi+ cons%m/tion is )0
(g;hr and the tota+ +osses in the boi+er is 20A. 3a+c%+ate the amo%nt o0 steam
generated /er ho%r by considering 800 (3a+ is re,%ired to generate 1 (g
steam. 3onsider M3> o0 0%rnace oi+ as 10200 (3a+;(g.
A"7er :
G5 cons%m/tion rate O )0 (g;hr
M3> o0 G5 O 10200 Bca+;(g
Tota+ 4n/%t energy O )0 ' 10200
O )10000 Bca+;hr
Tota+ Poss R 20A O )10000 ' 0.20
O 102000 Bca+;hr
Tota+ energy a2ai+ab+e to generate steam O )10000 ' 0.@0
O 40@000 Bca+;hr
Tota+ steam generated O 40@000
""""""""""""
800
= 680 kg/hr
$"7 * /ress%re red%cing 2a+2e is /ro/osed to be re/+aced by a steam t%rbine. The
in2estment re,%ired is Rs.40 +a(hs. *dditiona+ maintenance and o/erating
costs 0or the t%rbine is e'/ected to be Rs. 1 +a(h /er ann%m. 40 the ann%a+
sa2ings is Rs. +a(hs6 ca+c%+ate the /aybac( /eriod and Ret%rn on 4n2estment.
.aybac( /eriod O 40;( E1)
O ) years
Ret%rn on 4n2estment O 1;)
O 20 A
$"@ Draw a 0ig%re showing 2ario%s ste/s in -nergy *ction .+anning


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=%rea% o0 -nergy -00iciency

Figure : Steps in Energy Action Planning

Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION


$" Pist down the essentia+ e+ements o0 monitoring and targeting $ystemH
A"<
The essentia+ e+ements o0 an &<T system are:
1.Recording
2.*na+y7ing
!.3om/aring
4.$etting Targets
).&onitoring
8.Re/orting
7.3ontro++ing
$"10 De0ine $%stainab+e de2e+o/ment and write its three basic and inter re+ated
obIecti2es.
*ns:
$%stainab+e de2e+o/ment is o0ten de0ined as H*e6e!$p(et t4at (eet" t4e ee*" $%
t4e pre"etI 7+t4$)t #$(pr$(+"+& t4e a5+!+t' $% %)t)re &eerat+$" t$ (eet t4e+r
$7 ee*"S.
$%stainab+e de2e+o/ment encom/asses three basic and inter"re+ated obIecti2es:
-conomic sec%rity and /ros/erity
$ocia+ de2e+o/ment and ad2ancement
-n2ironmenta+ s%stainabi+ity
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Figure 9.8 Sustainable
Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
-------- End of Section II ---------
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
Se#t+$ 9 III: LONG DESCRIPTI.E GUESTIONS Mar/": 0 1 10 2 00
(i) *nswer a++ F+6e ,%estions
(ii) -ach ,%estion carries Te mar(s
P"1 a) Di00erentiate between Dry =%+b Tem/erat%re < ?et =%+b Tem/erat%re.
b) Di00erentiate between $/eci0ic h%midity and Re+ati2e h%midity.
c) Di00erentiate between Mross 3a+ori0ic >a+%e (M3>) and Net 3a+ori0ic
>a+%e (N3>).
a3 *nswer :
Dr' ,)!5 Te(perat)re:
4t is an indication o0 the sensib+e heat content o0 air"water 2a/o%r mi't%res.
;et ,)!5 Te(perat)re :
4t is a meas%re o0 tota+ heat content or entha+/y. 4t is the tem/erat%re a//roached by
the dry b%+b and the dew /oint as sat%ration occ%rs.
b) *nswer :
Spe#+%+# 4)(+*+t' :
4t is the act%a+ weight o0 water 2a/o%r mi'ed in a (g o0 dry air.
Re!at+6e 4)(+*+t' :
4t is the meas%re o0 degree o0 sat%ration o0 the air at any dry"b%+b (D=) tem/erat%re.
Re+ati2e h%midity gi2en as a /ercentage is the act%a+ water content o0 the air di2ided
by the moist%re content o0 0%++y sat%rated air at the e'isting tem/erat%re.
#3 *nswer :
D+%%ere#e 5et7ee Gr$"" Ca!$r+%+# .a!)e AGC.3 a* Net Ca!$r+%+#
.a!)e ANC.3<
The heating 2a+%e o0 0%e+ is the meas%re o0 the heat re+eased d%ring the com/+ete
comb%stion o0 %nit weight o0 0%e+. 4t is e'/ressed as Mross 3a+ori0ic >a+%e (M3>).
The di00erence between M3> and N3> is the heat o0 2a/ori7ation o0 the moist%re and
atomic hydrogen (con2ersion to water 2a/o%r) in the 0%e+.
P"2 Disting%ish between T/re+iminary energy a%dit1 and Tdetai+ed energy a%dit1H
Pre!+(+ar' eer&' a)*+t is a re+ati2e+y ,%ic( e'ercise to:
-stab+ish energy cons%m/tion in the organi7ation
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=%rea% o0 -nergy -00iciency
12
Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
-stimate the sco/e 0or sa2ing
4denti0y the most +i(e+y (and the easiest areas 0or attention)
4denti0y immediate (es/ecia++y no";+ow"cost) im/ro2ements; sa2ings
$et a Tre0erence /oint1
4denti0y areas 0or more detai+ed st%dy;meas%rement
.re+iminary energy a%dit %ses e'isting6 or easi+y obtained data
?hereas6 *eta+!e* eer&' a)*+t
.ro2ides a detai+ed energy /roIect im/+ementation /+an 0or a 0aci+ity6
since it e2a+%ates a++ maIor energy %sing systems.
500ers the most acc%rate estimate o0 energy sa2ings and cost.
3onsiders the interacti2e e00ects o0 a++ /roIects6 acco%nts 0or the energy
%se o0 a++ maIor e,%i/ment6 and
4nc+%des detai+ed energy cost sa2ing ca+c%+ations and /roIect cost.
*rri2es at energy ba+ance based on an in2entory o0 energy %sing
systems6 ass%m/tions o0 c%rrent o/erating conditions and ca+c%+ations
o0 energy %se. This estimated %se is then com/ared to %ti+ity bi++
charges
P"! * te'ti+e dryer is 0o%nd to cons%me 4.) m
!
;hr o0 nat%ra+ gas with a ca+ori0ic
2a+%e o0 @00 (N;mo+e. 40 the thro%gh/%t o0 the dryer is 80 (g o0 wet c+oth /er
ho%r6 drying it 0rom ))A moist%re to 10A moist%re6 estimate the o2era++
therma+ e00iciency o0 the dryer ta(ing into acco%nt the +atent heat o0
e2a/oration on+y.( Note: Patent heat o0 e2a/orationO22)7 (N;B6 ass%me the
nat%ra+ gas to be at standard tem/erat%re and /ress%re at which 1 mo+e
occ%/ies 22.4 +itres)
A"7er:
80 (g o0 wet c+oth contains
80 ' 0.)) (g water O !! (g moist%re
and 80 ' (1"0.))) O 27 (g bone dry c+oth.

*s the 0ina+ /rod%ct contains 10A moist%re6 the moist%re in the /rod%ct is 27; O ! (g
*nd so &oist%re remo2ed ; hr O !! " ! O !0 (g;hr
Patent heat o0 e2a/oration O 22)7 (N;B
#eat necessary to s%//+y O !0 ' 22)7 O 8.@ ' 10
4
(N;hr
*ss%ming the nat%ra+ gas to be at standard tem/erat%re and /ress%re at which 1
mo+e occ%/ies 22.4 +itres
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=%rea% o0 -nergy -00iciency
1!
Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
Rate o0 0+ow o0 nat%ra+ gas O 4.) m
!
;hr O (4.) ' 1000);22.4 O 200. mo+es;hr
#eat a2ai+ab+e 0rom comb%stion O 200. ' @00 O 18.0714 ' 10
4
(N;hr
*//ro'imate therma+ e00iciency o0 dryer O heat needed ; heat %sed

O 8.@ ' 10
4
; 18.0174 ' 10
4
O 42.!A
P"4 The detai+s o0 acti2ities 0or a /%m/ re/+acement /roIect is gi2en be+ow:
a) draw a .-RT chart
b) 0ind o%t the d%ration o0 the /roIect
c) identi0y the critica+ /ath.
*nswer
*cti2ity 4mmediate
.redecessors
Time
(days)
* " 1
= * 2
3 = 4
D 3 8
- 3 !
G 3 )
M D6 -6 G @
# M 7
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=%rea% o0 -nergy -00iciency
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Paper 1 Set A SOLUTION
*nswer
D)rat+$ 2 2: *a'"

Cr+t+#a! Pat4: A9,9C9D9G9F

P") The 0o++owing are the cash 0+ows 0or a sim/+e ins%+ation %/ gradation /roIect.
L-*R 0 1 2 ! 4
3ash 0+ow "1@6000 ")6000 106000 106000 106000
a) 3a+c%+ate the N.> i0 the cost o0 ca/ita+ or disco%nt rate is @A
b) 3a+c%+ate the 4RR
A"7er
NP. O "1@6000 " )6000 C 106000 C 106000 C 106000 O 1I2=2
(1.0@)
1
1.0@
2
1.0@
!
1.0@
4

0 O "1@6000 " )6000 C 106000 C 106000 C 106000
(1C()
1
(1C()
2
(1C()
!
(1C()
4

IRR O 10. A
.
-------- End of Section - III ---------
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=%rea% o0 -nergy -00iciency
1)