NFPA 110

WINCO standby generators are designed to provide the electrical power demanded in modern life. Hospitals, nursing
homes, utility and emergency response facilities must remain operational during power failures because of the risk to
human life and well-being. NFPA 110 is a standard for generator performance during a power failure.
Other NFPA standards specify which facilities are required to obtain emergency power supply systems (EPSS). Care
should be taken to determine the proper EPSS requirements before bidding projects because NFPA 110 requirements
will materially affect your bottom line.
The following outline of NFPA 110 standards is not a substitute for advice from a licensed electrician. It
is intended as a general outline of NFPA 110 generator performance requirements. Standards and
practices are constantly evolving. Contact your licensed electrician, local fire marshal or the building
department for additional information. It is essential to remember that the local authority having
jurisdiction has the ultimate responsibility to approve specific equipment for any given application.
The emergency power supply system (EPSS) is the engine generator set that provides emergency electrical power in
the advent of a utility disruption. When reviewing design requirements for an NFPA 110 EPSS, it is essential to obtain
the following three pieces of information that are required.
Class: Specifies the minimum time (hours) that the generator system must be able to provide full output without
being refueled. Off-site storage of fuel is generally not allowed especially if it is likely that disruptions in off-site fuel
sources are likely. The most common example would be a natural gas generator where an earthquake is likely to
break natural gas lines. LP gas and diesel are the most common emergency generator fuel sources for NFPA 110
installations. Diesel systems are allowed to share fuel tanks with other equipment as long as the combined
consumption will allow the generator to meet its class requirements. Vapor withdrawal LP gas systems require a
dedicated tank for the generator. Make sure in frigid environments to properly account for slower vaporization rates
in extreme cold. Liquid withdrawal systems may be required in some environments.
Type: Specifies the maximum amount of time (seconds) before the generator system must be able to provide full
output to the designated load. Common designations are Type U (uninterruptible), Type 10 (10 sec), Type M
(manual stationary) etc. Most WINCO and WINPOWERemergency generator systems are configured to meet Type
10. WINCO and WINPOWER do not manufacture Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) equipment, but our generators
may be incorporated as secondary power in applications where UPS are required.

Level: Specifies the equipment features and capabilities required for each application. NFPA 110 has two levels.
Level 1: These generator packages are required when the loss of electrical power could result in loss of
human life or serious bodily injuries.
Level 2: These generator packages are required when electrical power is less critical to human health and
safety.

NFPA 110 establishes performance standards for the critical components of the generator system in order to provide
the most reliable emergency generators. WINCO carefully meets or exceeds NFPA 110 standards to provide a
product that will meet the most demanding applications head on.

Starting Systems: Meticulous care is given to the starting system in each WINCO generator to help ensure it will
start when needed. The key differences between NFPA 110 and standard systems are outlined in this
section. WINCO starting systems meet or exceed the NFPA110 standards in the table.
Starting: Each WINCO generator is an electric start. We use a cycle crank system for Level 1 and Level 2
installations because we have determined it provides the best process to ensure reliable starting each time
while preserving the life of critical starting equipment. After receiving the start signal, the generator cranks 15
seconds and then rests 15 seconds. The generator will attempt a maximum of three crank cycles before it will
lock and and go into alarm.

Batteries: Each battery is generally sourced locally. The size recommended is available on the specification
sheet for the appropriate model. The batteries are sized to be able to crank the engine through two complete
lock out cycles from a full charge. The batteries are not to be installed until the battery charger is powered
and properly configured to maintain the system.

Battery Charger: Each WINCO NFPA 110 generator has an upgraded SENS battery charger properly sized
to the specifications of the table below. Each battery charger is capable of charging a completely discharged
battery without damaging it. A DC voltmeter and ammeter are included in the battery charger. A charger fail
contact comes standard which provides early warning of a battery charger failure before the battery is
completely depleted.




















Control System: NFPA 110

Each WINCO liquid-cooled emergency generator uses a sophisticated microprocessor control system that carefully
monitors the generator system and provides warnings when maintenance is required. The main control panel is
located on the generator set and visually displays performance data. It also monitors key performance parameters to
provide early warning if a mechanical or electrical problem develops. The main controller will automatically shut down
the system if necessary to help protect the equipment and facility from damage. More details are available in the
emergency generator specification sheets. The remote annunciator is mounted in an area of the facility (IE nurse's
station) and provides audible and visual generator information to alert the staff to maintenance needs.

Starting System Requirements Level 1 Level 2
Battery Unit X X
Battery Certification X NA
Cycle Cranking X or O O
Cranking Limiter Time-Outs
Cycle Crank (3 Cycles) 75 sec 75 sec
Continuous Crank 45 sec 45 sec
Float-type Battery Charger X X
DC Ammeter X X
DC Voltmeter X X
Recharge Time 24 hr 36 hr
Low battery voltage alarm contacts X X
X: Required. O: Optional. NA: Not Applicable.
Indicator
Function
Level 1 Level 2
Panel Shutdown Remote Panel Shutdown Remote
Overcrank X X X X X O
Low Water
Temp
X NA X X NA O
High
Engine
Temp
(Pre-
Alarm)
X NA X O NA NA





High
Engine
Temp
X X X X X O
Low Oil
Pressure
X X X X X O
Overspeed X X X X X O
Low Fuel X NA X O NA O
Low
Coolant
X O X X O X
Generator
Supplying
Load
X NA NA O NA NA
High
Battery
Voltage
X NA NA O NA NA
Low
Cranking
Voltage
X NA X O NA O
Low
Battery
Voltage
X NA NA O NA NA
Battery
Charger
AC Failure
X NA NA O NA NA
Not In
Auto
X NA X X NA X
Lamp Test X NA NA X NA NA
Audible
Alarm
Silence
NA NA X NA NA O
Remote
Emergency
Stop
NA X NA NA X NA
Notes: (1) All panel pre-alarms and alarms are visual and audible. The main control panel is
located on the generator set in WINCO applications. (2) Shutdowns will immediately stop
the generator to prevent damage to the generator set and to the facility. (3) All remote
alarms and pre-alarms are audible and visible through the remote annunciator panel. (4) X-
Required, O-Optional, NA-Not applicable.



























Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS): WINCO uses ASCO transfer switches for NFPA 110 applications. It is essential
that a high quality switch with adequate withstand ratings is used to ensure that a safe and effective transfer to the
emergency generator is accomplished. It is important to remember that the initial load can be substantial because all
of the facility's loads are attempting to start simultaneously. The ASCO Series 300 switches are designed to meet all
applicable standards and have adjustable time delays that allow flexibility for each unique application. The transfer
switch will exercise the system on a weekly basis. Exercise cycles generally last for 20-30 minutes.
Acceptance Tests: Before a Level 1 emergency generator installation is accepted the generator set must be tested
on site. When bidding the job it should be clear who is responsible for the acceptance tests and who will pay for the
fuel consumed during testing. The following outline is not intended to be all-inclusive and a copy of the most recent
publication of NFPA 110 should be obtained for complete details.
A simulated power failure is created by shutting off the utility supply breaker to at least one transfer switch
and applying the intended load or a simulated load equal to the intended load. The time it takes to start,
reach operating speed, reach steady state after accepting load, retransfer delay, and cooldown are
recorded. The load will be applied for at least 1.5 hours and performance parameters are logged.
A full load test is performed for two hours at full nameplate load minus applicable derating factors. A load of
at least 30% is applied for 30 minutes after which a load of at least 50% is applied for an additional 30
minutes. The final 60 minutes are at 100% load. Performance parameters are recorded every 15 minutes
throughout the duration of the test.
The generator is run through one complete cycle crank test and is observed. The generator is normally
prevented from starting by interrupting the fuel supply.
After the cycle crank is completed the battery charge rate is recorded at 5 minute intervals until the rate
stabilizes or for at least 15 minutes.
The authority having jurisdiction should be informed of the tests so that they are able to witness the assessment.
Maintenance: The maintenance requirements for NFPA 110 machines are extensive and designed to ensure the
equipment is always in working order. Before quoting maintenance contracts for this type of equipment it is essential
to understand the requirements. The most recent copy of the NFPA 110 will provide complete maintenance
standards. It is required that maintenance and exercise periods are recorded in a log that is readily available. The
most recent NFPA 110 publication should be consulted for the frequency of the required tests.