9/9/2014 WaterResourcesofIndia

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WaterResourcesofIndia
9/9/2014 WaterResourcesofIndia
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Disclaimer:Alleffortshavebeenmadetomakethisimageaccurate.HoweverCompareInfobaseLimitedanditsdirectors
donotownanyresponsibilityforthecorrectnessorauthenticityofthesame.
9/9/2014 WaterResourcesofIndia
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TheRepublicofIndiasharesitsboundarieswiththeArabianSea,BayofBengal,andIndianOcean.Theshorelineofthe
countryisquiteextensiveandstretchestoover7,000km.
Thecountryishometoawidespreadnetworkofharborsandinlandwatercourses.Theinlandwatercoursesofthecountry
comprisecanals,rivers,creeks,andbackwaters.
TheoverallnavigablespanoftheinlandwatercoursesinIndiais14,500km.Thelegalauthorityincontrolofthe
watercoursesinthecountryistheInlandWaterwaysAuthorityofIndiaorIWAI.
ThenationalwatercoursesinIndiacanbedividedintothreeandtheyareasfollows:
1. TheBrahmaputrariversystemextendingfromSadiyatoDhubri
2. TheGangaBhagirathiHooghlyriverextendingfromAllahabadinUttarPradeshtoHaldiainWestBengal
3. TheWestCoastCanalfromKottapuramtoKollamtogetherwithUdyogmandalcanalandChampakaracanal.
Thewaterbodiesaretoptouristdrawsaswell.Visitorsfromdifferentcornersoftheworldcometoseethesewater
resources.Asaresult,thetravelandtourismsectorofIndiaisgettingaboost.Inaddition,alargenumberofhotelsand
accommodationshavecomeuparoundthesevisitorattractionstofulfilltherequirementsofthetravelers.Thecountry
houses13majorportsandapproximately180smallandmediumharbors.Theharborsmanageover95%ofthecommerce
inthecountryandtheyalsofunctionastheprincipalentrancewaysfordoingbusiness.TheimportantportsinIndiaareas
follows:
Haldia,Kolkata,Visakhapatanam,Paradip,Chennai,Ennore,Cochin,Tuticorin,Mormugao,NewMangalore,Mumbai,
JawaharlalNehruPortTrust,andKandla.
RiversinIndia
Thecountryhouses12riversthatarecategorizedasimportantrivers.Theoveralldrainagebasinwateredbytheseriversis
morethan976,000sqmilesor2,528,000km2.
Alltheimportantriversinthecountryhavetheirsourcesinanyofthefollowingareas:
1. VindhyaandSatpuramountainrange,formingapartoftheheartofthecountry
2. TheKarakoramandHimalayanmountainranges
3. SahyadriorWesternGhatsmountainrange,formingapartofwesternIndia
ThebiggestdrainagebasininthecountryiscreatedbytheGangesBrahmaputraMeghanarivernetworkanditcoversa
totalareaofapproximately620,000sqmilesor1,600,000km2.ThedrainagebasinoftheGangesriversingularlycoversa
totalareaofaround420,000sqmilesor1,100,000km2.
ThesourceoftheGangesriveristheGangotriGlacier,whichliesinthestateofUttarakhand.Subsequently,theriverruns
inthesoutheastdirection,beforepouringintotheBayofBengal.TheheadwatersoftheGomtiandYamunariversliein
thewesternpartoftheHimalayanmountainrange.ThesetworiversmeettheGangaintheflatterrain.
TheBrahmaputraRiverhasitsheadwatersintheterritoryofTibet.IntheprovinceofTibet,peoplecallit"Tsangpo"or
YarlungTsangpoRiver.TheriverthenpenetratestheIndianTerritoryviathestateofArunachalPradeshintheNortheast.
Subsequently,therivermovestothewestintoAssam.InBangladesh,therivermeetstheholyGangaandthenameofthe
riverchangestotheJamunaRiver.
AmajorbranchoftheriverGanga(Yamuna)istheChambalRiver.TheriverhasitsheadwatersintheSatpuraand
Vindhyamountainranges.Itrunstotheeast.Fromthesamesource,otherriversthathaveoriginatedincludetheTaptiand
NarmadaandbothoftheseriverspourintotheArabianSeainthewest.Theriversystemthatrunsfromtheeasttowest
forms10%oftheoveralloutpouringofwaterinIndia.
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AlltheriversoftheDeccanplateauhavetheirheadwatersintheWesternGhatsmountainrange.Theseriversincludethe
GodavariRiver,theMahanadiRiver(passingacrossthedeltaformedbyitself),KaveriRiver,andKrishnaRiver.Allthese
riversultimatelypourintotheBayofBengal.Approximately20%oftheoveralloutpouringofthecountryisrepresented
bytheserivers.
TheintenseprecipitationintherainyseasoninthesouthwestresultsintheswellingofthebanksoftheBrahmaputraand
otherriversinIndia.Thisfrequentlyleadstoinundatingoftheborderingregions.Despitethefactthattheseriversworkas
afundamentallyreliablesourceoffertilizationandnaturalsupplyforthepaddycultivators,theseinundationshaveresulted
inlossoflivesofalargenumberofpeopleandforcethepopulationoftheareatomovetootherplaces.
CapesinIndia
ThemajorcapesinIndiaareasfollowsIndiraPoint,thesouthernmosttipinIndiawhichissituatedontheGreatNicobar
Island,theKanyakumari,thesouthernpointofterritoryofIndia.,PointCalimere,andAdam's(Rama's)Bridge.
GulfsinIndia
TheimportantgulfsinIndiaaretheGulfofKutch,theGulfofCambay,andtheGulfofMannar.Thecountryhousesstraits
liketheTenDegreeCanal,whichdisseverstheAndamansfromtheNicobarIslands,thePalkStrait,whichsplitsIndia
fromSriLanka,andtheEightDegreeCanal,disseveringtheLakshadweepandAmindiviIslandsfromtheMinicoyIsland
inthesouth.
TheIndianOceanandtheBayofBengalaresituatedtowardsthesouthandeastofthecountryandtheArabianSeais
locatedinthewest.TheAndamanSeaandtheLakshadweepSeaaresmallerwaterbodies.Thecountryhousesfourcoral
reefsandtheylieintheGulfofMannar,theAndamanandNicobarIslands,theGulfofKutch,andtheLakshadweep
Islands.
LakesinIndia
ThemajorlakesinIndiaareasfollowsVembanadLake(Kerala),SambharLake,(thebiggestsaltwaterlagoonofthe
nationinRajasthan),LoktakLake(Manipur),KolleruLake(AndhraPradesh),ChilkaLake(Orissa),DalLake(Kashmir),
andSasthamkottaLake(Kerala).
WaterbodiesthatborderIndia
GivenbelowarethenamesofthewaterbodiesthatsurroundIndiafromdifferentsides:
1. LakshadweepSeainthesouthwest
2. ArabianSeainthewest
3. BayofBengalintheeast
4. IndianOceaninthesouth
LastUpdatedon2/28/2012
9/9/2014 WaterResourcesofIndia
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FormoreinformationaboutwaterwaysinIndia
SeaPorts InlandWaterways IndiraGandhiCanal

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