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Suppositories

Rectal suppositories are used as a laxative and to relieve hemorrhoid pain and constipation. They are cylindrical or bullet shaped, made of glycerin and sodium stearate. Urethral suppositories are used to dilate the uterus and treat infections and erectile dysfunction. Vaginal suppositories treat infections caused by organisms and restore the vaginal mucosa. They contain anti-fungal, anti-infective, and contraceptive agents. Suppositories must melt at body temperature, remain firm at room temperature, and be inert and compatible with active ingredients. Common bases include cocoa butter, white petrolatum, and polyethylene glycol. Suppositories are prepared by hand

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682 views2 pages

Suppositories

Rectal suppositories are used as a laxative and to relieve hemorrhoid pain and constipation. They are cylindrical or bullet shaped, made of glycerin and sodium stearate. Urethral suppositories are used to dilate the uterus and treat infections and erectile dysfunction. Vaginal suppositories treat infections caused by organisms and restore the vaginal mucosa. They contain anti-fungal, anti-infective, and contraceptive agents. Suppositories must melt at body temperature, remain firm at room temperature, and be inert and compatible with active ingredients. Common bases include cocoa butter, white petrolatum, and polyethylene glycol. Suppositories are prepared by hand

Uploaded by

Jana Encabo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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#6 GLYCERIN SUPPOSITORIES

Suppository - solid dosage form intended for insertion


into the body orifices where they melt, soften,
dissolvem and exert localizied or systemic effect.
5 TYPES OF SUPPOSITORIES
1. rectal - cylindrical or bullet shape
- 32 mm (1 inch)
- 2g adult; 1g children
Use: glyercin laxative effect
Sodium stearate (Soap); solidifying agent
Cathartic acts directly on colonic mucosa
to produce normal peristalsis. Not
appreciably affects the motility of small
intestine
Relieve pruritus ani pain associated w/
hemorrhoids
constipation
2. urethral (bougies or inserts) slender, pencil
shaped.
Male: 4g; 140 mm long, 3-6 mm diameter
Female: 2g; 60-70 mm long
Uses:
o dilatation of uterus
o Anti-infective agent
o Erectile dysfunction
o Tx of local infection
3. vaginal (pessaries) - globular, oviform, cone-shaped;
5 grams.
Caused by: Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida (Monilia)
albicans, Haemophilus vaginalis
Estrogenic substances (dienestrol) used to
restore the vaginal mucosa to its normal state.
Vaginal tablets (vaginal inserts) - easier to
manufacture, more stable, and less messy.
Anti-infective
w/ homonal substances
Tablet lubricant Magnesium stearate
Disintegrating agent - startch
Use: anti-fungal
Anti-infective
Contraceptive (w/ spermicide)
4. otic (aural) pencil-shaped
5. nasal (burginarium) pencil-shaped
CRITERIA FOR SUPPOSITORIES
1. melts at body temperature
2. firm at room temperature
3. yields at clear melt
4. inert and compatible with other agent
5. wetting and emulsifying
6. acid value (<0-2)
7. saponification value (200-245) if it forms ester
8. non- irritating
9. iodine value (<7) determines the unsaturation of
double bonds (C=C)
TYPES OF SUPPOSITORY BASES
1. tend to melt -
cocoa butter (theobroma oil) polymorphic
- very good suppository base for rectal,
seldom used in vagina and urethral
- tendency to lower melting point
- inability to absorb aqueous solution
witepool C
12
C
18
(no polymorphism)
wecobee only suppository base that came
from coconut oil
2. tend to dissolve polyethylene gylcol (PEG)
- PEG liquid (300, 400, 600)
- PEG semi-solid
- PEG solid- wax ( > 1000)- clear colorless liquid
METHODS OF PREPARATION
1. hand rolling mixing and rolling in a pile tile.
2. compression - more elegant in appearnce
- very simple avoid sedimentation
- not for large manufacturing
- mix -> supp. Compression device -> apply pressure
-> cool
3. fusion method
- melting of all ingredients
- pour directly to mold
- freeze
- wrap in Aluminum foil

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