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SALIENT FEATURES OF .NET
The .NET Framework is an environment for building, deploying, and running web
applications and Web Services, Microsofts first server technology ASP (Active Server
Pages), was a powerful and flexible programming language. But it was too code
oriented. It was not an application framework and not an enterprise development tool.
The Microsoft .Net Framework was developed to solve this problem.
.NET Frameworks
The .NET Framework (pronounced dot
net) is a software framework developed
by Microsoft that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows. It includes a large library and
provides language interoperability (each language can use code written in other
languages) across several programming languages. Programs written for the .NET
Framework
execute
to hardware environment),
in
known
an application virtual machine that
a software environment
as
the Common
(as
contrasted
Language
provides services
such
as
Runtime (CLR),
security, memory
management, and exception handling. The class library and the CLR together constitute
the .NET Framework.
The
.NET
access, database
Framework's Base
connectivity,
Class
Library provides user
cryptography,
web
interface, data
application, development,
numeric algorithms, and network communications. Programmers produce software by
combining their own source code with the .NET Framework and other libraries. The
.NET Framework is intended to be used by most new applications created for the
Windows
platform.
Microsoft
also
produces
an
environment largely for .NET software called Visual Studio.
integrated
development
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The .Net Framework consists of 3 main parts:
Programming Languages
Visual C#.NET (Pronounced C sharp)
Visual Basic (VB.NET)
Visual C++.NET
J#(Pronounced J sharp)
Server technologies and client technologies
ASP.NET(Active Server Pages)
Windows Forms(Windows Desktop solutions)
Compact Framework(PAD/Mobile solutions)
Development environment
Visual Studio .NET(VS .NET)
Visual Web Developer
Design Features
Interoperability
Because computer systems commonly require interaction between newer and older
applications, the .NET Framework provides means to access functionality implemented
in newer and older programs that execute outside the .NET environment. Access
to COM components is provided
in the
System.
Runtime.InteropServices
and
System.EnterpriseServices namespaces of the framework; access to other functionality
is achieved using the P/Invoke feature.
Common Language Runtime engine
The Common Language Runtime (CLR) serves as the execution engine of the .NET
Framework. All .NET programs execute under the supervision of the CLR,
guaranteeing certain properties and behaviours in the areas of memory management,
security, and exception handling.
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Language independence
The .NET
Framework
CTS specification defines
introduces
all
a Common Type
possible data
System,
or
CTS.
The
types and programming constructs
supported by the CLR and how they may or may not interact with each other
conforming to the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) specification. Because of
this feature, the .NET Framework supports the exchange of types and object instances
between libraries and applications written using any conforming .NET language.
Base Class Library
The Base Class Library (BCL), part of the Framework Class Library (FCL), is a library
of functionality available to all languages using the .NET Framework. The BCL
provides classes that encapsulate a number of common functions, including file reading
and writing, graphics, database interaction, XML document manipulation, and so on. It
consists of classes, interfaces of reusable types that integrate with CLR (Common
Language Runtime).
Simplified deployment
The .NET Framework includes design features and tools which help manage
the installation of computer software to ensure it does not interfere with previously
installed software, and it conforms to security requirements.
Security
The design addresses some of the vulnerabilities, such as buffer overflows, which have
been exploited by malicious software. Additionally, .NET provides a common security
model for all applications.
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Portability
While Microsoft has never implemented the full framework on any system except
Microsoft Windows, it has engineered the framework to be platform-agnostic, and
cross-platform implementations are available for other operating systems submitted the
specifications for the Common Language Infrastructure (which includes the core class
libraries, Common
Type
System,
and
the Common
Intermediate
Language), the C# language, and the C++/CLI languageto both ECMA and the ISO,
making them available as official standards. This makes it possible for third parties to
create compatible implementations of the framework and its languages on other
platforms.
.NET PROGRAMMING FRAMEWORK
The .NET languages which include C# and Visual Basic .Net, the Object
oriented and modernized successor to Visual Basic 6.0.
The common language runtime (CLR), the NET runtime engine that executes
all net programs and provides modern services such as automatic memory
management security, optimization and garbage collection.
The .NET class library, which collects thousands of pieces of rebuilt functional
that you swap into your applications. These sometimes organized into
technology sets, such as ADO.NET.
ASP.NET, the platform services that allows you to program web application
and web service in any .NET language, with almost any features from the .NET
class library.
Visual Studio.NET, an optimal development tool that contains a rush set of
productivity and debugging features.
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