IPv6 SOLUTION OF FUTURE

SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED BY:-

AKASH BHARDAWAJ MAYANK KUMAR MAURYA
Reg. No:-11009440
Roll No:-A55

DEFINITION
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the latest revision of the Internet
Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that routes traffic across
the Internet.
Every device on the Internet, such as a computer or mobile telephone,
must be assigned an IP address for identification and location addressing
in order to communicate with other devices. IPv6 uses a 128-bit address,
allowing for 2
128
, or approximately 3.410
38
addresses, or more
than 7.910
28
times as many as IPv4, which uses 32-bit addresses. IPv4
allows for only approximately 4.3 billion addresses.
IPv6 addresses consist of eight groups of four hexadecimal digits
separated by colons, for
example2001:0db8:85a3:0042:1000:8a2e:0370:7334.
ADDRESS SPACE OF IPv6
The main advantage of IPv6 over IPv4 is its larger address space. The
length of an IPv6 address is 128 bits, compared to 32 bits in IPv4.The
address space therefore has 2
128
or approximately 3.410
38
addresses. By
comparison, this amounts to approximately 4.810
28
addresses for each of
the seven billion people alive in 2011.In addition, the IPv4 address space is
poorly allocated, with approximately 14% of all available addresses utilized.
While these numbers are large, it wasn't the intent of the designers of the
IPv6 address space to assure geographical saturation with usable
addresses.
MULTIPLE CASTING
Multicasting, the transmission of a packet to multiple destinations in a
single send operation, is part of the base specification in IPv6. In IPv4 this
is an optional although commonly implemented feature.IPv6 multicast
addressing shares common features and protocols with IPv4 multicast, but
also provides changes and improvements by eliminating the need for
certain protocols.
CLASSIFICATION OF IPv6
IPv6 addresses are classified by three types of networking
methodologies: unicast addresses identify each network
interface, anycast addresses identify a group of interfaces, usually at
different locations of which the nearest one is automatically selected,
and multicast addresses are used to deliver one packet to many interfaces.
The broadcast method is not implemented in IPv6. Each IPv6 address has
a scope, which specifies in which part of the network it is valid and unique.
Some addresses are unique only on the local (sub-) network. Others are
globally unique.

IPv6 IN FUTURE
Most major Internet service providers have begun to implement IPv6 within
their networks to solve the address shortage problem. But IPv6 migration
creates new and possibly more severe problems as Internet routers already
taxed with maintaining rapidly growing route tables now must cope with the
addition of IPv6 routes (most providers are using a dual-stack approach of
running both IPv6 and IPv4 at the same time), and inevitable continued
fractioning of the IPv4 address space. Both of these issues point to a future
where Internet reachability issues will increase, regardless of available
bandwidth. Unfortunately, the topic of Internet scalability is receiving scant
attention in the media. Enterprise IT architects still dont see any business
case compelling them to adopt IPv6 internally, or lean on their providers to
address route table scalability. For most the Internet continues to operate
as a black box that has always worked, always scaled, and always grown
to meet emerging application demands.
But that perceived reality is poised to change. Enterprises will run into
address shortages as their providers run out of IPv4 space, then theyll deal
with reachability and performance issues as route scalability problems
become pervasive. As UC increasingly crosses company boundaries,
addressing and routing issues could threaten the ability to reliably deliver
such services as inter-company video, voice, or presence federation.
In the short term its incumbent on any IT manager to get up to speed on
Internet scalability issues and prepare for the potential for IPv6 adoption at
least at the service provider edge in the next few years. IT leaders should
begin to evaluate internal applications to determine options for delivering
IPv6 support, and they should work with their service providers to
understand their own approaches for meeting addressing and routing
challenges going forward.