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History of Power System

The document provides a history of the development of power systems in the United States. It discusses that Thomas Edison established the first electric power network in New York City in 1882 using DC generators. The first AC power network was developed later after inventions like the transformer and induction motor, allowing higher voltages for more efficient power transmission over longer distances. Standards for frequency were later adopted, and high voltage direct current transmission was first implemented in 1970, with interconnected utility networks forming power grids for more economical and reliable energy generation and transmission.

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Amr Diaa El-Din El-Fawal
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459 views6 pages

History of Power System

The document provides a history of the development of power systems in the United States. It discusses that Thomas Edison established the first electric power network in New York City in 1882 using DC generators. The first AC power network was developed later after inventions like the transformer and induction motor, allowing higher voltages for more efficient power transmission over longer distances. Standards for frequency were later adopted, and high voltage direct current transmission was first implemented in 1970, with interconnected utility networks forming power grids for more economical and reliable energy generation and transmission.

Uploaded by

Amr Diaa El-Din El-Fawal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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History of Power Systems

Submitted to Prof.Dr.Ahmed Anas


By Amr Diaa El Din Al Fawal
Reg No. 8200190

Power System Development


The first power network in the US
n the first electric network in the US was established
in 1882 at New York City by Thomas Edison
n the power was generated by dc generators and
distributed by underground cables
n because high RI2 loss at low voltage, the energy
could only be delivered short distance from the

power station
n high loss, short deliver distance are the shortage of
the dc power network
The first ac power network in the US

n transformer was invented in 1885 by William


Stanley: be able to change voltage
n induction motor was invented in 1888 by Nikola
Tesla: replace dc motor and can produce ac power
n ac system can produce more power at higher
voltage than dc system because ac generator is lack
of commutators
n first single-phase ac in the US was generated by
two 300hp waterwheel turbine at 4kV
n first three-phase ac was generated at 2.3kV in
1893

Development of HVDC
n a standard 60Hz was adopted in the US, Canada,
Taiwan, etc. European adopts 50Hz system
n dc transmission line has advantages in transferring
more power for the same ac line due to no reactance,
asynchronous link between two ac systems
n high voltage dc (HVDC) was first built in 1970
Interconnection
n utility networks are interconnected together to
form power grid or power pool
n fewer generators are required as a reserve

n energy generation and transmission more


economical and reliable
Shapers of todays power system
n Thomas Edison 1882
n Power system- central stations

n George Westinghouse 1890s


n Battle of the currents: AC vs DC

n Samuel Insull 1920s


n Regulated monopoly

Development of power system industry


n Competitive industry 1882-1920
n 1887-1893 there were 24 power companies in Chicago area

n Monopoly 1900-1920
n A wave of merger, acquisition and consolidation produced a
few local monopolies.

n Regulation 1920-1990
n Sam Insull proposed the concept of regulated monopoly
citing the industry as a natural monopoly
n 1907 Wisconsin and New York established state utility
commissions
n 1935 Federal Power Commission was established.

Evolution of Transmission Systems


n Power plants may be far from the load (To avoid
fuel transportation, building power plants at the mine
month). Electricity transmission is necessary

n In order to transfer a large capacity (in GW order),


high voltage alternating current (AC) is preferred to
reduce current & losses and save corresponding
conductors (copper etc.)
n To enhance reliability of power supply, network
structure is adopted for the transmission system.
n Standard voltages are used in each country, which
leads to standard design of equipment (transformers,
generators, motors, circuit breakers etc.) beneficial
to investment, operation & maintenance.
n Tie-line interconnections are constructed to provide
emergency support and economic exchange between
power companies.
n Higher voltage networks are built on top of existing
networks, resulting in layers of transmission and subtransmission systems.
Roles of Transmission Systems
n Multiple roles of transmission system
n Linking generators to loads
n Providing alternative paths for reliability
enhancement
n Interconnecting with other utilities for
n Emergency support
n Economic exchange

n Priority lies in ensuring serving its own load


Thanks

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