Present Perfect:
Already and Yet
As yo u can see,
the flu season ha6 already
begun. Have you gotten your flu
shot yet? It's never too lat e!
lcHECKI POINT
Circle T (True) or F (False).
Check the correct
answer.
To say that something
has happened
before now,
0
~;
use already[
use yet.
SUBJECT
HAVE
They
have
use already.
JZ1
use not ... yet.
50
Yet is used in
questions.
saved
many lives.
NEGATIVE STATEMENTS: YET
SUBJECT
HAVE NOT
PAST PARTICIPLE
They
haven't
finished
It
hasn't
ended
YET
the interview
yet.
YES/NO QUESTIONS: YET
CHART CHECK 2
Circle T (True) or
f--<False).
a new flu vaccine.
,'-
, "
~0 '
,..idevel~H~d
l ~1'f'CO
J.<
has
It
'
PAST PARTICIPLE
ALREADY
already
,.,.,<P)
To say that something
has not happened
before now,
('\[, F
The flu season will start soon.
AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENTS: ALREADY
CHART CHECK 1
kl
If\
HAVE
SUBJECT
PAST PARTICIPLE
Have
they
tested
the new vaccine
Has
it
gotten
approval
YET
yet?
'
Present Perfect: Already and Yet
SHORT ANSWERS
AFFIRMATIVE
they
NEGATIVE
have .
Yes,
they
haven't .
it
hasn't .
No,
has .
it
EXPRESS Cl!; I:Cl! ti
Unscramble these words to form a question. Answer the question.
/l-
you have yet lunch lifid
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~?
t\, (,
..
,_
.)
')
Grammar Explanations
Examples
1. We often use the present perfect with
already to talk about things that have
happened before now .
A: Is your daughter going to get her flu shot?
..,. BE CAREfUL!
Do not use the present perfect with
B: She's already gotten it.
DO N'T SAY: Sl'le's alread'o' aeUeA it last A'l9AtA .
already when you mention a specific time in
the past.
Already usually comes between have and the
past participle.
Researchers have already discovered cures for
many diseases .
Already can also come at the end of the clause.
They've made a lot of progress already.
2. Use the present perfect with not yet to
talk about things that have not happened
before now.
Notice that yet usually comes at the end of
the clause.
Yet can also come between have not and the
past participle.
3. We usually use yet in questions to find out if
something has happened before now.
USAGE NoTE: Sometimes we use already in a
question to express surprise that something
happened sooner than expected.
They haven't discovered a cure for the
common cold yet, but they hope to discover
one in the future .
,..,. The flu season hasn,'t arrived r!!r
~.
1
-----
I'
(~
V)(,'':';>
C. 'f '(
ro_
They haven't yet discovered a cu re for the
common cold.
Has your son gotten his flu shot yet?
Has he already gotten his flu shot? The flu
season hasn 't begun yet.
51
52 Unit 12
MATCH Each cause has a probable result. Match the cause with the appropriate result.
Cause
e
Result
1. Tom has already gotten his flu shot, so
a. is really hungry.
he probably
c
c\_,
b. may get the flu.
2 . Dr. Meier has already finished
c. has left the TV studio.
his interview, so he
d. isn't very hungry.
3. Dr. Meier hasn't had lunch yet, so he
e. won't get the flu this year.
- - - 4. Randy hasn't gotten his shot yet, so he
5. Randy has already -had lunch, so he
COMPLETE Read these questions and answers from a rriagazine article. Complete
them with the present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses plus already or yet.
Use short answers.
tetanus
vaccine
flu
polio
vaccine vaccine
last case
of smallpox
vaccine
AIDS
vaccine
cancer
vaccine
malaria common cold
vaccine vaccine
~
1796
1880
1945
1954
1963
1980
NOW
Q: We plan to t ravel to the rain forest next year. ____H_a_v_e_ _ _ they
---~fo~u~n~d~-1. (find)
a malaria vaccine ____y_e_t_ _ _ _ ?
A: _ __ _ N_o____ , they _ _ _h_a~ven_'t_ _ _ . Talk to your doctor about ways to
2.
prevent this disease.
Q: My doctor told me I won't need another smallpox vaccination. I was surprised.
\"r"t S
\1
A:
f'5
smallpox completely
,1t
cl Et~ o-pfoJ Cb ~E:;t
3. td1sappear)
4.
Q: They
Q, c: Q vv -i Tl <.C
5 . (develop)
vaccines against the flu ., What about the common cold?
\
A: No. Because there are so many different cold viruses, they
develop a vaccine
-Y+--"e~----\
'y-ia.'ik 1 -
bf'E n O 'r:Lo
6. (not be able)
Q: There has been so much cancer research. _ _,r-1-(______
lf\
anyone
~
i
1
' ~''f\
vv \l-1 ~ a successful vacci e __'=\
_,_((:::;_
_ _ _ _ _ ?
~(m ake)
\ y :::3
A:
~S \,\ 'Q)'
they
~ O\. v E"./'.Vl A . Researchers have made a lot of
8.
progress in recent years, however.
to
Pre sen t Perfect: Already and Yet
DESCRIBE Dr. Helmut Meier and his wife, Gisela, are planning a party. Look at their
To Do lists and the pictures of their kitchen and dining room. Cross out the chores
they have already done. Then write sentences about each item on their To Do lists.
To Do-Gisela
. To Do-Helmut
vcicuum the ccirpet
buy flowers
wcish the windows
hang the balloons
wrap the gift
-h11k
filmba e the cake
'
put the turkey in
the o~en
mop Jhe floor
wash the dishes
l.
Helmut has already bought film.
2.
Gisela hasn't vacuumed the carpet yet.
3.
hQ. I vvvJ+
~ ~~ \rl ' ~
\l ~
--1'4
(A/.lQ
~e+.
4~
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
EDIT Read this note from Gisela to Helmut. Find and correct six mistakes in the use
of the present perfect with already and yet. The first mistake is already corrected,
w\I~ .
gone
Helmut-I'm in c:i hurry. I h0iven't ~shopping 0ilre0idy, but 1)1:( do it on the w0iy home. Rit0i
~lready h0id dinner 0ind she's 0ilre0idy h0id her b0ith~0ive you c0i frM r. J0icobson yef?
He'~e0idy three times tod0iy.
l0ite? See you l0iter.
His d0iughter
h0i ~otten
her f lu shot yet. Is it too
G.
53
