To introduce
This essay discusses is explored
The definition of will
is briefly outlined
be given
The issue focused on
is demonstrated ...
.
is defined
is explored
is included
are identified
In this essay ..
is explained
The key aspect
discussed
Views on . range
from .
are presented
The central theme
is described
Emphasised are
is explained and illustrated
with examples
is justified
is examined
is analysed
is evaluated
To conclude
In summary,
In brief,
To conclude,
It has been shown that,
To review,
To summarise,
Thus,
In short,
In conclusion,
To sum up,
Hence,
To compare and contrast
Similarly,
In comparison
However,
And yet
On the contrary,
Whereas
While this is the case
In the same way
Complementary to this
This is in contrast to
Nevertheless,
On the other hand,
In contrast to
... disputes
Likewise,
Then again,
In contrast,
Conversely,
Notwithstanding
That aside, ...
Despite this, ...
To add ideas
Also,
Equally important ...
Furthermore,
Moreover,
Next
Another essential point
More importantly, In the same way
Subsequently,
As well as ....
Additionally, ...
Another ...
Then,
In addition,
Firstly, ... secondly, ... thirdly, ...
finally, ...
Then again,
Besides, ...
To elaborate, ...
To present uncommon or rare ideas
Seldom ...
A few ...
Rarely ...
Few ...
... is uncommon
... is rare ...
Not many ...
... is scarce ...
... is unusual ...
To present common or widespread ideas
Numerous ...
Several ...
Most ...
... is prevalent ...
Many ...
Almost all ...
Commonly ...
... is usual ...
More than ...
The majority ...
Significant ...
Usually ...
To present inconclusive ideas
Perhaps ...
... may be ...
There is limited evidence for
... is debated ...
...
... could ...
... may include ...
... might be ...
... is possibly ...
To give examples
For example, ...
An illustration of ...
Specifically, ...
Such as ...
For instance, ...
... as can be seen in ...
... as demonstrated by ...
... is shown ...
As an example ...
... supports ...
... is observed ...
... exemplifies ...
To illustrate, ...
To show relationships or outcome
Therefore ...
As a result ...
Hence, ...
Otherwise, ...
The evidence suggests/shows ... It can be seen that ...
These factors
After examining ....
contribute to ...
Considering ... it can be
Subsequently, ....
concluded that ...
The outcome is ...
The result ...
For that reason ...
Consequently, ...
With regard to ...
It is apparent that
...
The effect is ...
The correlation ...
The relationship ...
The link ...
The connection ...
... affects ...
... influences ...
... informs ...
... demonstrates ...
... interacts with ...
Thus it is ...
... predicts ...
... presupposes
... impacts on ...
The convergence
...
Both ....
... causes ...
... leads to ...
... emphasises
... supports ...
To present prior or background ideas
In the past, ...
Customarily, ...
Prior to this, ...
Previously, ...
Conventionally, ...
Initially, ...
Until now, ...
Historically, ...
Beforehand, ...
Earlier, ...
Over time, ...
Foundational to this is ...
At first, ...
The traditional interpretation ...
Traditionally, ...
Originally, ...
Formerly, ...
At the time of ...
In earlier ...
Recently ...
To present others' ideas
Based on the findings of ...
proposed that
it can be argued...
As explained by
states that
claims that
concluded that
However, ... stated that ... suggested
Similarly, stated that
for example,
agreed that
.
Based on the ideas of defined . as .
relates
As identified by
disputed that
contrasts
With regard to argued
confirmed that
concluded that
that
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highlights
demonstrates
found that
identifies
... wrote that
demonstrated
also
reported .
hypothesised that
pointed out that
maintained that
expressed the opinion
... also mentioned .
... asserts that .
that
goes on to
identified
emphasises
state/suggest/say
According to
explored the idea
Useful linking words and phrases that can be used at the start of new
paragraphs:
challenges the idea . showed that
A contrary explanation is that,
Although,
As a consequence,
As a result,
As we have seen,
At the same time,
Accordingly,
An equally significant aspect of
Another, significant factor in
Before considering X it is important to note Y
By the same token,
But we should also consider,
Despite these criticisms, its popularity remains high.
Certainly, there is no shortage of disagreement within
Consequently,
Correspondingly,
Conversely,
Chapter, in particular, has focused on the
Despite this,
Despite these criticisms, the popularity of X remains largely
undiminished.
Each of these theoretical positions make an important contribution to our
understanding of,
Evidence for in support of this position, can be found in,
Evidently,
For this reason,
For these reasons,
Furthermore,
Given, the current high profile debate with regard to, it is quite
surprising that
Given, the advantages of outlined in the previous paragraph, it is
quite predictable that
However,
Having considered X, it is also reasonable to look at
Hence,
In addition to,
In contrast,
In this way,
In this manner,
In the final analysis,
In short,
Indeed,
It can be seen from the above analysis that,
It could also be said that,
It is however, important to note the limitations of
It is important to note however, that
It is important however not to assume the applicability of, in all cases.
It is important however not to overemphasis the strengths of
In the face of such criticism, proponents of, have responded in a number
of ways.
Moreover,
Notwithstanding such criticism, .its popularity remains largely
undiminished.
Notwithstanding these limitations, .it worth remains in a number of
situations.
Noting the compelling nature of this new evidence, has suggested that.
Nevertheless, remains a growing problem.
Nonetheless, the number of, has continued to expand at an exponential
rate.
Despite these criticisms, its popularity remains high.
On the other hand, critics of, point to its blindness, with respect to.
Of central concern therefore to, sociologists is explaining how societal
processes and institutions
Proponents of, have also suggested that
Subsequently,
Similarly,
The sentiment expressed in the quotation, embodies the view that,
This interpretation of, has not been without its detractors however.
This approach is similar to the, . position
This critique, unfortunately, implies a singular cause of,
This point is also sustained by the work of,
Thirdly,
This counter argument is supported by evidence from,
The use of the term,
Therefore,
There appears then to be an acceleration in the growth of
There is also, however, a further point to be considered.
These technological developments have greatly increased the growth in,
Thus,
To be able to understand,
Undoubtedly,
While such failures must not be discounted, there were in comparison
small, when compared
Whilst the discussion in the preceding paragraph,
Whether crime rates were actually lower at this time continues to be a
matter of debate. Evidence from
There are an almost limitless number of linking phrases and words one can
use. What is important is that they complement the style of your writing.
Use these examples to arouse your creativity.
linking words and phrases
Listing
Giving examples
Generalising
first, second, third
for example
in general
first, furthermore,
finally
for instance
generally
to begin, to conclude
as follows:
on the whole
next
that is
as a rule
Reinforcement
in this case
for the most part
also
namely
in most cases
furthermore
in other words
usually
moreover
Result/consequence
Highlighting
what is more
so
in particular
in addition
therefore
particularly
besides
as a result/consequence especially
above all
accordingly
mainly
as well (as)
consequently
Reformulation
in the same way
because of this/that
in other words
not only ... but also
thus
rather
Similarity
hence
to put it more simply
equally
for this/that reason
Expressing an
alternative
likewise
so that
alternatively
similarly
in that case
rather
correspondingly
under these
circumstances
on the other hand
in the same way
Deduction
the alternative is
Transition to new
point
then
another possibility
would be
now,
in other words
Contrast
as far as x is concerned in that case
instead
with regard/reference
to
otherwise
conversely
as for ...
this implies that ...
on the contrary
it follows that
if so/not
in contrast
turning to
Stating the obvious
in comparison
Summary
obviously
Concession (sth
unexpected)
in conclusion
clearly
however
to conclude
naturally
even though
in brief
of course
however much
to summarise
as can be expected
nevertheless
overall
surely
still
therefore
after all
yet
