HP 49G Pocket Guide

#KJPAJPO


Quick Reference Chart

Function Key Guide

Reserved Names and Constants

Units

Error and Status Messages

System Information

12

System Flags

12

Object Types

17

Character Keys

18



Command Reference

20

Version 2.0

Quick Reference Chart

Tool

>

Algebra

>

Arithmetic

< !

Calculus

< $

CAS modes

Characters

>

Command Catalog
Complex Numbers

Access

Alarms

CAS

>

CONSTANTS LIB

Constants

Conversions

< ^

Display

Editing Tools

DISP

Equation Writer

< o

File Manager

< G

Flags

Libraries

>

FLAGS

Math

< P

Matrix Writer

< %

Plotting

PLOT FUNCTIONS

Printing

I/O FUNCTIONS

Programming

< N

Solve, Financial

< (

Solve, Numeric

>

Solve, Symbolic

< &

Statistics

>

Tables

< E < F

Transfer Data

Trigonometry

>

Variables

I/O FUNCTIONS

 Function Key Guide

This section explains the use of each item on the function key
menu of the more commonly used HP 49G applications.
Equation Writer
EDIT

CURS

BIG
EVAL
FACTO
TEXPA

Opens the selected component in the command

line editor. Make your changes, then press \
to return to Equation Writer.
Enables cursor mode. Use the arrow keys to
enclose the part of the equation that you want to
select in a box, then press \ to return to
selection mode, with the boxed component
selected.
Toggles Equation Writer between standard font
and mini-font.
Evaluates the selection. Equivalent to pressing
>.
Applies the FACTOR command to the selection.
Applies the TEXPAND command to the
selection.

File Manager
EDIT
COPY

MOVE

RCL
EVAL
TREE
PURGE
RENAM
NEW
ORDER

SEND
RECV
HALT
VIEW
EDITB
HEADE

LIST

Opens the selected object. If the object can be

edited, it is opened in the command line editor.
Copies the selected object. After you press
COPY, select the destination directory, and press
OK to paste the object.
Moves the selected object. After you press
move, select the destination directory, and press
OK to move the object to the directory.
Copies the selected object to the command line.
Evaluates the selected object.
Returns to the File Manager opening screen,
showing the ports and the HOME directory.
Deletes the selected object or objects.
Renames an object. The calculator prompts for
a new name for the selected object.
Opens the New Variable input form, used to
create a new variable or directory.
When you select multiple objects (using \)
places the selected objects in the order in which
you selected them.
Sends the selected object or objects to another
calculator.
Receives objects sent from another calculator.
Suspends your File Manager session. You can
return to the session by pressing < ;.
Displays the contents of the currently selected
object. You cannot edit the contents.
Opens the currently selected object in the most
suitable editor.
Toggles the File Manager header between
memory and selection details, and path and
content details.
Hides or shows the details of listed objects.

Continued
3

Stack
ECHO

VIEW
EDIT
INFO
PICK

ROLL

ROLLD

LIST

DUPN

DROPN
KEEP
GOTO
LEVEL

Press ECHO, then \ to copy the contents

of the current level to the command line. Edit
the contents on the command line, and press
\ to place them on level 1 of the stack.
Displays the contents of the current level in
textbook mode.
Opens the contents of the current level in the
most appropriate editor, ready for editing.
Displays information about the object at the
current level, including its size in bytes.
Copies the contents of the current level to
stack level 1. All existing objects are pushed
up one level.
Moves the contents of the current level to
level 1. The portion of the stack below the
current level is rolled up.
Moves the contents of level 1 to the current
level. The portion of the stack beneath the
current level is rolled down.
Creates a list that contains the stack objects
from 1 to the current level. The newly created
list is placed on level 1 of the stack, and the
original objects are removed.
Duplicates the levels from the currently
selected level to level 1, and pushes up the
existing levels to accommodate the
duplicated levels.
Deletes all levels below the selected level.
Deletes all levels above the selected level.
Prompts for a stack level to select, then
selects the level number that you enter.
Copies the current level number to level 1 of
the stack.

Matrix Writer
EDIT
VEC

WID
WID
GO
GO

+ROW
ROW
+COL
COL
STK
GOTO

DEL

Places the contents of the currently selected

cell on the command line, ready for editing.
For single-row matrices, sets that the row of
values is a vector rather than a matrix. That
is, when you place it on the command line, it
is enclosed in a single pair of square
brackets rather than two pairs.
Reduces the width of the columns.
Increases the width of the columns.
Sets that the cursor moves to the left by
default when you enter data.
Sets that the cursor moves down by default
when you enter data.
Adds a row filled with zeros at the cursor
position
Deletes the row at the cursor position.
Adds a column filled with zeros at the cursor
position.
Deletes the column at the cursor position.
Copies the selected element only to the
stack or the command line.
Displays an input form that allows you to
specify the column and row coordinates to
select.
Fills a selected range with zeros.

Graphics Editor
DOT+
DOT
LINE
TLINE
BOX
CIRCL
MARK

+/
LABEL
DEL
ERASE
MENU
SUB

REPL
PICT
X ,Y
PICT

Turns on pixels beneath the cursor.

Turns off pixels beneath the cursor.
Draws a line from a marked point to the
cursor. (Press or MARK to mark a point).
Same as LINE but toggles pixels on or off.
Draws a rectangle from a marked point to the
cursor.
Draws a circle around a marked point with a
radius indicated by the position of the cursor.
Marks a point. Same as pressing .
Inverts the cursor when it crosses an object.
Displays axes labels.
Deletes that part of the graphic bounded by a
rectangle from a marked point to the cursor.
Erases the entire graphic.
Hides the function-key menu. (Press f, =,
or to redisplay the menu.)
Copies to the stack that part of the graphic
bounded by the rectangle from a marked
point to the cursor
Pastes what was last copied with SUB.
Copies the graphic to the stack.
Copies the cursor coordinates to the stack.
Replaces the edit menu with the picture
menu.

 Reserved Names and Constants

You should avoid using certain names for variables, because
their contents are interpreted by the calculator in set ways.
Some examples are given in the following table.
Name
0DETYPE
ALRMDAT
CST
d#
EPS

EQ
ERABLEMSG
EXITED

EXPR
IERR
IOPAR
MODULO
n1, n2,
PPAR
PRTPAR
s1, s2,
DAT
PAR
PRIMIT
REALASUME
STARTED

STARTERR
STARTEQW
STARTOFF

STARTUP
TOFF
TPAR
VPAR
VX
ZPAR

Use
The differential equation type used in the
DESOLVE command.
Data for current alarms.
Current contents of a custom menu.
Indicates a user-defined derivative, where #
is the number of the defined derivative.
The smallest real value below which the
calculator rounds to zero for some
operations, for example EPSX0.
Current equation, plotting and numeric
solving.
Information relating to unevaluated
integrations.
If this variable contains a program, the
program runs whenever the command line
editor session is ended.
Current expression, symbolic operations.
Uncertainty in current integration.
Current parameters for I/O operations.
The value of the current modulo setting.
Integer coefficients used by ISOL.
Current parameters for plotting.
Current parameters for printing.
Sign coefficients used by ISOL and QUAD.
Current matrix of data used for statistics.
Parameters for statistics calculations.
The last computed antiderivative.
A list of variables that the computer algebra
system assumes are real values.
If this variable contains a program, the
program runs whenever the command line
editor session is started with EDIT EDITB,
VISIT, VISITB, or ] in RPN mode.
Used to customize error message displays.
Used to apply a customized operation to a
selected component in Equation Writer.
If this variable contains a program, the
program runs whenever the calculator turns
off automatically.
If this variable contains a program, the
program runs after a warm start.
Sets the number of ticks before the
calculator automatically turns off.
Current parameters for viewing tables.
Current parameters for viewing 3-D plots.
The default variable used in symbolic
operations.
Zoom parameters in plotting.

 Units
A unit object is comprised of a number and a unit separated
by the underscore character. An example is 3_ ft/s. You can
use the HP 49G to convert unit objects from one unit to
another, comparable, unit. You can also use unit objects in
calculations. The following table lists all the units you can use
to create unit objects, grouped according to their category.
You choose a categoryand a unitby first pressing
> . (Unit abbreviations are described in the Users
Guide.)

Length

M
Mpc
nmi
Mil

CM
pc
MiUS

MM
lyr
chain

yd
au
rd
fermi

ft
km
fath

in
Mi
ftUS

m^2
km^2

cm^2
ha

b
a

yd^2
mi^2

m^3
l
ml
bbl

st
galUK
cu
bu

cm^3
galC
ozfl
pk

yd^3
gal
ozUK
fbm

ft^3
qt
tbsp

in^3
pt
tsp

yr

min

Hz

m/s
c

cm/s
ga

ft/s

kph

mph

knot

kg
ton
u

g
tonUK
mol

lb
t

oz
ozt

slug
ct

lbt
grain

dyn

gf

kip

lbf

pdl

J
therm

erg
MeV

Kcal
eV

cal

Btu

ftlbf

hp

Pa
inHg

atm
inH2O

bar

psi

torr

mmHg

Area

ft^2
in^2
miUS^2 acre

Volume

Time
Speed

Mass

Force
Energy

Power
Pressure

Temperature

C
Electric Current

Fdy

mho

Wb

grad

arcmin arcs

sr

fc
cd

flam
lam

lx

ph

lm

Angle
Light

sb

Radium (i.e., radioactivity)

Gy
R

rad

St

rem

Sv

Bq

Ci

Viscosity

 Error and Status Messages

Errors during an operation or program execution generally
cause the operation or program to abort and a message to
appear.
The HP 49G enables you to detect and trap errors during
program execution via the IFERR command. To identify the
error after it has occurred, use the ERRN command to get its
number, or ERRM to get its message.
You can also cause an error to occur in a program, via
DOERR(n), where n is the error number of the desired error
(see the table below). You can cause a customized error to
occur, via DOERR("message"), where message is a
character string of your choice.
The following table lists both error messages and status
messages. These are sorted into categories
Number

Message
MEMORY MESSSAGES

1
5
11
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
25 7
30 5
30 9
33 7

Insufficient Memory
Memory Clear
No Room in Port
Recovering Memory
Try To Recover Memory?
Replace RAM, press ON
No Mem To Config All
Undefined FPTR Name
Invalid bank data
Full check Bad Crc
Cmprs: not a user bank
No or 2 system bank
Invalid bank
Invalid bank number
Inexisting pack
Pack twice
Ins. memory
Erase Fail, Rom faulty
Erase Fail, Low bats
Erase Fail, Locked Block
Write Adr outside ROM
Write Fail, Rom faulty
Write Fail, Low bats
Write Fail, Locked Block
No Room to Save Stack
No Room to Show Stack
Out of Memory
Low Memory ConditionPlease Wait

Number

Message
NAME AND DIRECTORY MESSAGES

2
3
4
10
12
25 9
29 7
29 8
29 9
30 0
30 1
31 6
3095

Directory Recursion
Undefined Local Name
Undefined XLIB Name
Port Not Available
Object Not in Port
Invalid User Function
Circular Reference
Directory Not Allowed
Non-Empty Directory
Invalid Definition
Missing Library
Name Conflict
Invalid Name

6
8
9
25 8
29 4
29 6
3092

Power Lost
Invalid Card Data
Object In Use
Cant Edit Null Char.
HALT Not Allowed
Wrong Argument Count
Low Battery

26 0
30 2
34 3
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1551
1552
1554
1555
1556
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1582
1583

No Current Equation
Invalid PPAR
Y= not available
Invalid Data
Nonexistent DAT
Insufficient Data
Invalid PAR
Invalid Data LN (Neg)
Invalid Data LN (0)
Invalid EQ
No current equation.
Enter eqn, press NEW
Name the equation, press ENTER
Select plot type
Empty catalog
No stat data to plot
Autoscaling
No current data. Enter
Data point, press +
Select a model
Off Screen
Invalid PTYPE
Name the stat data, press ENTER
Enter value (zoom out if >1) press ENTER
Copied to stack
x axis zoom w/AUTO.
x axis zoom
y axis zoom
x and y axis zoom.
Enter matrix, then NEW
No Associated Numeric View

MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEM MESSAGES

PLOT AND STATISTICS MESSAGES

Number

Message
STACK AND COMMAND LINE MESSAGES

26 2
29 2
29 3
311
31 2
31 5
31 7
33 9
34 0
34 1
34 2
34 4
51 3
51 4
51 5
51 6
51 7
3093

Invalid Syntax
Last Stack Disabled
Last Cmd Disabled
Last Stack
Last Commands
Last Arguments
Command Line
Nonexistent Find Pattern
Not Found
Nonexistent Replace Pattern
Cant Find Selection
Warning Changes will not be saved
Too Few Arguments
Bad Argument Type
Bad Argument Value
Undefined Name
LASTARG Disabled
Empty Stack

1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286

Invalid Dimension
Invalid Array Element
Deleting Row
Deleting Column
Inserting Row
Inserting Column

30 3
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566

Non-Real Result
Bad Guess(es)
Constant?
Interrupted
Zero
Sign Reversal
Extremum

31 4
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
3329
3330
3331
3332

Alarms
No alarms pending
Press ALRM to create
Next alarm:
Past due alarm:
Acknowledged
Enter alarm, press SET
Select repeat interval
Invalid Date
Invalid Time
Invalid Repeat
Nonexistent Alarm

MATRIX AND ARRAY MESSAGES

SOLVE MESSAGES

TIME AND ALARM MESSAGES

EQUATION WRITER AND SYMBOLIC MESSAGES

30 4
34 5
51 8
51 9
52 0
10

Unable to Isolate
Result not editable in EQW
Incomplete Subexpression
Implicit () off
Implicit () on

Number

Message
ARITHMETIC MESSAGES

76 9
77 0
77 1
77 2
77 3

Positive Underflow
Negative Underflow
Overflow
Undefined Result
Infinite Result
I/O AND PRINTING MESSAGES

3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091

Bad Packet Block Check

Timeout
Receive Error
Receive Buffer Overrun
Parity Error
Transfer Failed
Protocol Error
Invalid Server Cmd.
Port Closed
Connecting
Retry #
Awaiting Server Cmd.
Sending
Receiving
Object Discarded
Packet #
Processing Command
Invalid IOPAR
Invalid PRTPAR

2817
2818

Invalid Unit
Inconsistent Units

UNITS MESSAGES

11

 System Operations
For system operations, you press and hold the ; key, then
press and release certain other keys before releasing ;.
Keys

Operation

;=

Cold restart. Erases home and port 0 memory

and resets the calculators default settings.
Cancels keystroke (prior to key release).
Warm restart. Preserves memory.
Starts interactive self-test.
Starts continuous self-test.
Sends screen dump to the serial port.
Cancels next repeating alarm.
Decreases screen contrast.
Increases screen contrast.

;f

Factory test.

;af

;b
;c
;d
;e
;[
;9
;-

 System Flags
Flags are mode settings and mode indicators. To see a list of
system flags, press h FLAGS.
Many flags can be set and cleared from input forms (such as
the Calculator Modes input form, Display Modes input form,
and others). You can also set, clear, or test a flag, by
specifying the flag number as the argument in a flag
command (SF, CF, FS?, etc).
Flag
1 Set:
Clear:*
2 Set:
Clear:*

Description of modes (* = default)

Symbolic commands return principal solution.

Symbolic commands return general solutions.
Symbolic constants evaluate to numbers.
Symbolic constants stay symbolic
(if flag 3 is clear).
3 Set:
Symbolic arguments evaluate to numbers.
Clear:* Symbolic arguments stay symbolic.
5 Set:*
1st bit (value 1) of binary integer size is 1.
Clear: 1st bit (value 1) of binary integer size is 0.
6 Set:*
2nd bit (value 2) of binary integer size is 1.
Clear: 2nd bit (value 2) of binary integer size is 0.
7 Set:*
3rd bit (value 4) of binary integer size is 1.
Clear: 3rd bit (value 4) of binary wordsize is 0.
8 Set:*
4th bit (value 8) of binary wordsize is 1.
Clear: 4th bit (value 8) of binary wordsize is 0.
9 Set:*
5th bit (value 16) of binary wordsize is 1.
Clear: 5th bit (value 16) of binary wordsize is 0.
10 Set:*
6th bit (value 32) of binary wordsize is 1.
Clear: 6th bit (value 32) of binary wordsize is 0.
11 Set:*
HEX with 12 set, OCT with 12 clear.
Clear: DEC with 12 clear, BIN with 12 set.
12 Set:*
HEX with 11 set, BIN with 11 clear.
Clear: OCT with 11 set, DEC with 11 clear.

12

Flag

Description of modes (* = default)

14 Set:
Clear:*
15 Set:
Clear:*
16 Set:
Clear:*
17 Set:*
Clear:
18 Set:
Clear:*
19 Set:
Clear:*
20 Set:
Clear:*
21 Set:
Clear:*

TVM calculations use BEGIN payment mode.

TVM calculations use END payment mode.
Spherical mode (with flag 16 set).
Cylindrical mode (with flag 16 set).
Polar coordinate mode.
Rectangular coordinate mode.
Radians mode if 18 clear.
Degrees if 18 clear, gradians if 18 set.
Gradians if 17 clear.
Radians if 17 set, degrees if 17 clear.
V2 creates a complex number.
V2 creates a 2-D vector.
Underflow treated as an error.
Underflow returns 0; sets flag 23 or 24.
Overflow treated as an error.
Overflow sets flag 25 and returns MAXR.

22 Set:
Infinite result sets flag 26, returns MAXR.
Clear:* Infinite result treated as an error.
23 Set:
Negative underflow condition exists (if flag
20 is clear).
Clear:* No negative underflow condition exists.
24 Set:
Positive underflow condition exists (if flag 20
is clear).
Clear:* No positive underflow condition exists.
25 Set:
Overflow condition exists (if flag 21 is clear).
Clear:* No overflow condition exists.
26 Set:
Infinite result condition exists (if flag 22 is
set).
Clear:* No infinite result condition exists.
27 Set:*
Symbolic complex expression displays as
'x + yi'.
Clear: Symbolic complex expression displays as
'(x,y)'.
28 Set:
Multiple equations plot simultaneously.
Clear:* Multiple equations plot sequentially.
29 Set:
No axes drawn for 2-D and statistical plots.
Clear:* Axes drawn for 2-D and statistical plots.
31 Set:
No curve filling (connecting of points) in plots.
Clear:* Curve filling (connecting of points) in plots.
32 Set:
Graphics cursor is inverse of background.
Clear:* Graphics cursor is always dark.
35 Set:
I/O objects sent in binary.
Clear:* I/O objects sent in ASCII.
36 Set:
In receiving I/O, a matching name overwrites.
Clear:* In receiving I/O, a matching name is changed.
39 Set:
I/O messages suppressed.
Clear:* I/O messages displayed.
40 Set:
Clock is displayed, providing that you have
not hidden the status area (i.e., the header).
Clear:* Clock is not displayed.
41 Set:
24-hour clock format.
Clear:* 12-hour clock format.
13

Flag

Description of modes (* = default)

42 Set:
DD.MM.YY date format.
Clear:* MM/DD/YY date format.
43 Set:
Unacknowledged repeat alarms are not
rescheduled.
Clear:* Unacknowledged repeat alarms are
rescheduled.
44 Set:
Acknowledged alarms are retained in the
alarm list.
Clear:* Acknowledged alarms are deleted from alarm
list.
49 Set:
Fixed mode with 50 clear, engineering mode
with 50 set.
Clear:* Standard mode with 50 clear, scientific mode
with 50 set.
50 Set:
Engineering mode with 49 set, scientific
mode with 49 clear.
Clear:* Fixed mode with 49 set, standard mode with
49 clear.
51 Set:
Clear:*
52 Set:
Clear:*
53 Set:
Clear:*
54 Set:
Clear:*
55 Set:
Clear:*
56 Set:
Clear:*
57 Set:
Clear:*
58 Set:
Clear:*
60 Set:
Clear:*
61 Set:
Clear:*
62 Set:
Clear:*
63 Set:
Clear:*
64 Set:
Clear:*
65 Set:
Clear:*
66 Set:
Clear:*

14

Fraction mark is a comma.

Fraction mark is a period.
Level 1 object is displayed on one line.
Level 1 object is displayed on multiple lines.
All parentheses are shown in algebraic
expressions.
Extra parentheses in algebraic expressions
are removed.
Small matrix values not set to 0; DET does not
round.
Small matrix values are set to 0; DET rounds.
Most-recent arguments are not saved.
Most-recent arguments are saved.
Beep tone is enabled.
Beep tone is disabled.
Alarm tone is disabled.
Alarm tone is enabled.
Parameter and variable INFO not displayed.
Parameter and variable INFO are displayed.
Press alpha once for alpha mode lock.
Press alpha twice for alpha mode lock.
Press <~ once for user mode lock.
Press <~ twice for user mode lock.
User mode on.
User mode off.
User-defined \ is activated.
\ evaluates the command line.
The last GETI or PUTI wrapped index (to 1).
The last GETI or PUTI does not wrap the
index.
Displays only the first level over multiple lines.
Displays all levels over multiple lines.
Displays long strings in single lines.
Displays long strings in multiple lines.

Flag
67 Set:
Clear:*
68 Set:
Clear:*
69 Set:
Clear:*
70 Set:
Clear:*
71 Set:
Clear:*
72 Set:
Clear:*
73 Set:
Clear:*
74 Set:
Clear:*
76 Set:
Clear:*
79 Set:
Clear:*
80 Set:
Clear:*
81 Set:
Clear:*
82 Set:
Clear:*
83 Set:
Clear:*
85 Set:
Clear:*
86 Set:
Clear:*
90 Set:*
Clear:
91 Set:
Clear:*
92 Set:
Clear:*
94 Set:
Clear:*
95 Set:
Clear:*
97 Set:
Clear:*

Description of modes (* = default)

When the clock shows (see flag 40), it is an
analog display.
When the clock shows (see flag 40), it is a
digital display.
Command line automatically indents.
Command line does not automatically indent.
Full-screen editing allowed.
The cursor cannot move out of the text line.
GROB can accept multi-line strings.
GROB can accept only single-line strings.
No addresses in ASM.
Add addresses in ASM.
The stack display uses mini-font.
The stack display uses the current font.
Command line editing uses mini-font.
Command line editing uses the current font.
The stack is left-justified.
The stack is right-justified.
File Manager purges need no confirmation.
File Manager purges need confirmation.
Algebraic objects display on the stack in
standard form.
Algebraic objects appear on the stack in
textbook form.
Textbook stack display uses minifont.
Textbook stack display uses the current font.
Editing a textbook grob uses minifont.
Editing a textbook grob uses current font.
Minifont used to edit algebraic in textbook
mode.
Current font used to edit algebraic in textbook
mode.
Grob description displayed on the stack.
Grob contents displayed on the stack.
SYSRPL stack display.
Standard stack display.
Program prefix off.
Program prefix on.
Choose lists displayed in mini-font.
Choose lists displayed in the current font.
Matrix Writer operates as a list of lists.
Matrix Writer accepts arrays only.
MASD SYSRPL.
MASD assembler.
In RPN mode, results are not stored in
LASTCMD.
In RPN mode, results are stored in
LASTCMD.
Algebraic mode.
RPN mode.
Lists are displayed vertically.
Lists are displayed horizontally only.
15

Flag
98 Set:
Clear:*
99 Set:
Clear:*
100 Set:
Clear:*
103 Set:
Clear:*
105 Set:
Clear:*
106 Set:
Clear:*
109 Set:
Clear:*

Description of modes (* = default)

Vectors are displayed vertically.
Vectors are displayed horizontally only.
CAS verbose mode.
CAS concise mode.
Final result mode.
Step-by-step mode.
Complex mode.
Real mode.
Approximate mode.
Exact mode.
TSIMP calls are not allowed in SERIES.
TSIMP calls are allowed in SERIES.
Numeric factorization is allowed.
Numeric factorization is not allowed.

110 Set:
Large matrices.
Clear:* Normal matrices.
111 Set:
No recursive simplification in EXPAND and
TSIMP.
Clear:* Recursive simplification in EXPAND and
TSIMP.
113 Set:
Do not apply linearity simplification when
using integration CAS commands.
Clear:* Apply linearity simplification when using
integration CAS commands.
114 Set:
Polynomials expressed in increasing power
order.
Clear:* Polynomials expressed in decreasing power
order.
116 Set:
Simplification to sine terms.
Clear:* Simplification to cosine terms
117 Set:*
Menus displayed as choose lists.
Clear: Menus displayed as function keys.
119 Set:
Non-rigorous mode.
Clear:* Rigorous mode.
120 Set:
Calculator changes modes when necessary
without prompting.
Clear:* Calculator prompts when it needs to change
modes.

16

 Object Types
The HP 49G makes use of 30 types of objects (listed in the
table below). Commands relevant to object types are:
Returns the objects type.
TYPE(obj)
VTYPE('name') Returns the named objects type.
TVARS(type)

Lists all objects of the specified type in the

current directory.

VARS

Lists all objects in the current directory.

#
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

Type
Real Number
Complex Number
String
Real Array
Complex Array
List
Global Name
Local Name
Program
Algebraic Object
Binary Integer
Graphics Object
Tagged Object
Unit Object
XLIB Name
Directory
Library
Backup Object
Built-in Function
Built-in Command
Internal Binary Integer
Extended Real No.
Extended Complex No.
Linked Array
Character Object
Code Object
Library Data
Minifont
Integer
Symbolic Vector/Matrix
Font

Example
6.02E23
(.5,1.57)
"Hi there!"
[[ 1 2 ][ 3 4 ]]
[[ (1,0) (5,5) ][ (5,5) (0,1) ]]
{ 3.14 "PI" }
X
j
T 11 /
4**r^2'
# EFAC11h
Graphic 131 64
:Answer: 42
6_ft/min
XLIB 543 8
DIR END
Library 440:
Backup MYDIR
SIN
CLEAR
<123d>
Long Real
Long Complex
Linked Array
Character
Code
Library Data
Font
5
[x x2 x3 x4 ]
Font

17

 Character Keys
The following table lists all the characters available on the
HP 49G. For each character, the table gives the characters
internal number and the key or combination of keys that
display the character. (An ampersand denotes that you hold
down the first key while you press the second key). You can
also display a character using the Characters tool (> chars).
Char.

VS




























!
"
#
$
%
&
'
(
)
*
+
,
.
/
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

18

No.

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84

>

`>2
`>
<3
`<4
`<1
`<\
>o
<}H
<{
`
`=
>F
`
.
`>z
Key(s)

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

`<.
`<2
>O
>w
>y
`>3
`>\
`a
`b
`c
`d
`e
`f
`g
`h
`i
`j
`k
`l
`m
`N
`o
`p
`q
`r
`s
`t

Char.
8
9
:
;
<
=
>
?
@
A
B

D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
,
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
[
\
]
^
_
`
a



[
Y

G


>

No.

85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138

`u
`v
`w
`y
`z
<}
`>
<q
> >
o
`<a
`<b
`<c
`<d
`<e
`<f
`<g
`<h
`<i
`<j
`<k
`<l
`<m
`<
`<o
`<p
`<q
`<r
`<s
`<t
`<u
`<v
`<w
`<
`<y
`<z
<=}
>i
<=
`>
>
`>
>
>r
>u
>s
k
<
>t
<<y

Key(s)

&

EEEE

1
6

Char.


M

No.

139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197

<w
`>a
>
>
>
>
>
`>d
`>e
>
`>t
`>
>
`>s
`>u
`>v
`>c
`>p
`>o
>
<
`>
`>
>
`<
>
>
>
`<6
>
>
>
<=}
>
>
>
>
`>
>
>
>
>
`>m
>
>
>
>
>
<=
>
>
>
`>
`a`<
`a`>
`a`<
`a`>
`a`<
`a`>
Key(s)

0
4
&2
5

&6

&3
7
7
8
8
9
9

Char.

No.

198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255

`e`>
`c`>
`e`<
`e`>
`e`<
`e`<
`i`<
`i`>
`i`<
`i`<
`d`>
`
`>
`o`<
`o`>
`o`<
`o`>
`o`<
>
`o`>
`u`<
`u`>
`u`<
`u`<
`y`>
`p`>
`>b
`<a`<
`<a`>
`<a`<
`<a`>
`<a`<
`<a`>
`<e`>
`<c`>
`<e`<
`<e`>
`<e`<
`<e`<
`<i`<
`<i`>
`<i`<
`<i`<
`<d`>
`<
`>
`<o`<
`<o`>
`<o`<
`<o`>
`<o`<
>
`<o`>
`<u`<
`<u`>
`<u`<
`<u`<
`<y`>
`<p`>
`<y`<
Key(s)

9
9
7
7
8
9
7
7
8
9
9
8
7
7
8
8
9
9
7
7
8
9
7
9

7
7
8
8
9
9
9
9
7
7
8
9
7
7
8
9
9
8
7
7
8
8
9
9
7
7
8
9
7
9
9

19

 Command Reference
All the HP 49G commands are listed in the table commencing
on page 21. A brief description of each command is provided,
together with the key or keys that provide access to the
command. Where appropriate, at least one argument (input)
and the corresponding result (output) is provided. In many
cases, a command can take many more types of argument.
To se a full listing of the arguments applicable to each
command, see the Advanced User s Guide.
The commands are listed alphabetically. Commands referred
to solely by a non-alphabetic characterfor example,%are
listed after those referred to by alphabetic characters. Where
a non-alphabetic character is the first characterfor example,
DIAGthe command is sorted as if the character did not
exist. In other cases where a command name includes a nonalphabetic characterfor example, IR and DIAGthe
non-alphabetic character is treated as Z in sorting the
commands.
The commands that are functions are indicated by an asterisk
at the end of the command description. (You can include
functions in an algebraic expression.)
The codes and abbreviations used to represent the inputs
and outputs are set out in the following table.
Code

x, y, a, b, etc
z
x_units
(x, y)
n or m
#n or #m
[ vector ]
[[ matrix ]]
[[ array ]]
''string ''
'symb '
'name '
T/F

grob
obj
{ obj x z }

Meaning
Real number
Real or complex number
Unit object
Complex number
Integer
Binary integer
Real or complex vector
Real, symbolic, or complex
matrix
Real or complex array
String of characters
Expression
Variable name
True (non-zero value) or
false (0)
Graphics object
Any object
List of objects

In algebraic mode, the order that the inputs are listed is the
same as the order in which you must specify the arguments.
Similarly, the outputs are listed in the order in which they are
returned.
In RPN mode, the last input is what should be on level 1 prior
to executing the command, the second last input is what
should be on level 2, the third last on level 3, and so on.
Similarly, the last output appears on level 1, the second last
appears on level 2, and so on.

20

Name

Description

Access
<!

ABS

Returns a solution in polynomials u and v of au+bv =c

where a and b are polynomials, and c is a value.
Returns the absolute value of its argument.*

ACK

Acknowledges the oldest past-due alarm.

>

ACKALL

Acknowledges all past-due alarms.

ACOS

Returns the value of the angle with the given cosine.

<T

ACOS2S

Replaces cos() terms with equivalent asin() terms.*

>

ACOSH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of the argument.*

>

ABCUV

Inputs

Outputs

symb1 symb2 z symb3 symb4

POLYNOMIAL

x |x|

<Z

TOOLS

ALRM
>

TOOLS

ALRM

N
N

z acos z
symb1 symb2
z acosh z

HYPERBOLIC

ADD
ADDTMOD

Adds the specified global name to the reserved variable

REALASSUME.

< !

{ list1 } { list2 } { list result }

MODULO

21
* = function

symb1 symb2 symb3

global

ADDTOREAL

ADDTOREAL

Adds corresponding elements of two lists or adds a

number to each of the elements of a list.
Adds two expressions or values, modulo the current
modulus.*

22
<N
<|

<N
<N

Displays graphic objects in sequence.

Recalls the nth answer from history.

Creates an expression from the specified function name

and arguments.*
Draws an arc in PICT counterclockwise.

Creates a backup copy of the HOME directory.

Returns the (real) polar angle of a complex number.*

Displays a menu of arithmetic commands.

Returns a vector of n real or complex elements or a matrix

of n m real or complex elements.
Takes an array and returns its elements as separate real
or complex numbers.
Returns the value of the angle with the given sine.*

APPLY

ARCHIVE

ARG

ARIT

ARRY

ASIN

ARRY

ARC
MEMORY

PICT

GROB

LOGIC

* = function

<S

>

NN
N

>

<(

ANS

AND

ANIMATE

Access
<V

AMORT

Description

Returns the common antilogarithm; that is, 10 raised to

the given power.*
Amortizes a loan or investment based upon the current
amortization settings.
Returns the logical AND of two arguments.*

Name

ALOG

Outputs

n principal interest balance

z 10z

z asin z

[ vector ] z1 zn { nelement }

z1 zn nelement [ vector ]

(x, y)

(x, y) xradius x q1 x q2
:n port: name

{ symb1 ... symbn } name name (symb1 symbn)

#n1 #n2 #n3

grobn...grob1 ngrobs same stack
n objn

Inputs

ALOG

>

Defines a key on the user keyboard by assigning the given

object to the key xkey, specified as row column.position.

Shifts a binary integer one bit to the right, except for the
most significant bit, which is maintained.
Returns the value of the angle having the given tangent.*

Replaces atan(x) terms with asin(x) terms.

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of the argument.*

Sets the axes tick-mark annotation in the reserved

variable PPAR.
Attaches the library with the specified number to the
current directory.
Calculates a y-axis display range, or an x- and y-axis
display range.
Specifies the intersection coordinates of, and labels for,
the x- and y-axes, and the tick-mark annotation.

ASN

ASR

ATAN

ATAN2S

ATANH

ATICK

AXES

AUTO

ATTACH

<U

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of the argument.*

BIT

23
* = function

HYPERBOLIC

>

N
N
N
N

>

HYPERBOLIC

>

>

Replaces asin() terms with equivalent atan() terms.

ASINH

Access
>

ASIN2T

Description

Replaces asin() terms with equivalent acos() terms.

Name

ASIN2C

Inputs

(x, y)

n library

z atanh z

z atan z
symb1 symb2

#n1 #n2

obj xkey

z asinh z

symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2

Outputs

AXES

24

Converts a square matrix into the associated quadratic

form.
Sets the plot type to BAR.

Plots a bar chart of the specified column of the current

statistics matrix (reserved variable DAT).
Displays a menu of basic algebra commands.

AXQ

BARPLOT

Executes LR with the four curve fitting models, and selects

the model yielding the largest correlation coefficient.
Selects binary base for binary integer operations.

Sorts the elements of the independent column of the

current statistics matrix into (nbins + 2) bins.

Creates a blank grob of the specified width and height.

Draws in PICT a box whose opposite corners are defined

by the specified pixel or user-unit coordinates.

BEEP

BESTFIT

BINS

BLANK

BOX

BIN

Specifies bit-transfer rate.

Sounds a tone at n hertz for x seconds.

BAUD

BASE

BAR

Converts a numeric array into a symbolic matrix.

AXM

Description

Converts a list to an array, or an array to a list.

Name

AXL

Access

PICT

GROB

OUT

* = function

<N

<N

<N

<^

NN
NN
N
NN

OPERATIONS

< %

<^

Outputs

[[ matrix ]] symb [ vector ]

{list}/[[ array ]] [[ array ]]/{list}

[[ array ]] [[ matrix ]]

{ #n1 #m1 } { #n2 #m2 }

#n width #m height grob blank

x min x width n bins [[ n bin 1 n bin n ]] [ n bin L n bin R ]

n baudrate
n frequency x duration

Inputs

AXL

Name
BUFLEN

Description

Access

BR
CASCFG

Restores the default CAS mode settings.

CASE

Starts CASE END conditional structure.

CEIL

Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the

argument.*
Adjusts first two parameters in PPAR, (xmin, ymin) and
(xmax, ymax), so that point (x, y) is plot center.

< P

CF

Clears the specified user or system flag.

<N

%CH

Returns the percent change from x to y as a percentage of

x.*
Solves a system of simultaneous polynomial congruences
in the ring Z[x].

< P

Creates a user-defined choose box.

<N

BYTES

CENTR

CHINREM

MEMORY

obj #nchecksum xsize

#n n

>

<N

Outputs

BRCH

REAL

x n
(x, y)

TEST
REAL

<!

n flagnumber
x y 100(y x)/x
[ vector1 ] [ vector2 ] [ vector3 ]

POLYNOMIAL
IN

25
* = function

prompt { c1 ... cn } npos obj or result 1

CHOOSE

CHOOSE

<N

Inputs
nchars 0/1

Returns the number of characters in the serial input

buffer and a single digit indicating whether an error
occurred.
Returns the number of bytes and the checksum for the
given object.
Converts a binary integer to its floating-point equivalent.

26

Adjusts the system time by x clock ticks, where 8192 clock

ticks equal 1 second.
Clears (blanks) the stack display.

Closes the serial port, and clears the input buffer and any
error messages for KERRM.
Purges the current statistics matrix.

Purges all variables and empty subdirectories in the

current directory.
Displays a menu of commands pertaining to complex
numbers.
Returns the column norm (one-norm) of the array
argument.
Deletes column n of a matrix, and returns the modified
matrix (or vector) and the deleted column (or element).
Inserts an array into a matrix at the position indicated by
nindex, and returns the modified array.

CLKADJ

CLOSEIO

CLVAR

COL+

COL

CNRM

CMPLX

CL

CLLCD

Removes all objects from the stack or history.

CLEAR

Description

CKSM

Name

Returns a string representing the character corresponding

to the character code n.
Specifies the error-detection scheme.

CHR

OUT

TOOLS

MATRIX

MATRIX

* = function

COL

< P

COL

< P

OPERATIONS

< %

<N

N
NN
N

>

>

TYPE

Access
<N

[ array ] x columnnorm

n checksum
objn ...obj1
x

n string

Outputs

[ vector ]1 n element n index [ vector ]2

[[ matrix ]]1 n column [[ matrix ]]2 [ vector ] column

Inputs

CHR

Name

Description

Conjugates a complex number or a complex array.*

Opens the Constants Library catalog.

Returns the value of a constant.*

Resumes execution of a halted program.

CONJ

CONLIB

CONST

CONT

COND

CON

COMB

CONIC

Transforms a matrix into a series of column vectors and

returns the vectors and a column count.
Transforms a series of column vectors and a column
count into a matrix containing those columns.
Factorizes a polynomial or integer. Identical to FACTOR.

Specifies the independent-variable and dependentvariable columns of the current statistics matrix.
Returns the number of possible combinations of n items
taken m at a time.*
Returns a constant array, defined as an array whose
elements all have the same value.
Returns the 1-norm (column norm) condition number of a
square matrix.
Sets the plot type to CONIC.

COL

COLCT

COL

COL
MATRIX

MATRIX

N
* = function

<:

LIB

CONSTANTS

>

MATRIX
NORMALIZE
< P

MAKE

< P

PROBABILITY

< P

COL

< P

NN

COL

MATRIX

Access
< P

Outputs
[[ matrix ]] [ vector ] col1 [ vector ]coln n colcount

name x

x x

[[ matrix ]] mn x condition number

{ n columns } z constant [ vector constant ]

n m C n,m

symb1 symb2
x col y col

[ vector ] col1 [ vector ]coln n colcount [[ matrix ]]

Inputs

CONT

27

28

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of the argument.*

Returns the sample covariance of the independent and

dependent data columns in the current statistics matrix.
Prints the contents, if any, of the printer buffer.

Creates an empty subdirectory with the specified name in

the current directory.
Returns the cross product C = A B of vectors A and B.

COV

CRDIR

Sets Cylindrical coordinate mode.

Converts the specified user-unit coordinates to pixel

coordinates.

CYLIN

CPX

CURL

Swaps columns i and j of the argument matrix and returns

the modified matrix.
Returns the curl of a three-dimensional vector function.

CSWP

CROSS

CR

COS

CORR

COSH

Description

Converts a source unit object to the dimensions of a target

unit.
Returns the correlation coefficient of the independent and
dependent data columns in the current statistics matrix.
Returns the cosine of the argument.*

Name

CONVERT

VECTOR

PICT

* = function

<N

DERIV
AND INTEG
<$

CREATE COLUMN

< %

< P

MEMORY
DIRECTORY
<N

HYPERBOLIC

>

N
N

TOOLS

UNITS

Access
< ^

Inputs

(x, y) { #n, #m }

[ vector1 ] [[ array1 ]] symb1

[[ matrix ]]1 n column i n columnj [[ matrix ]]2

[ vector ]A [ vector ]B [ vector ]A B

global

x covariance

z cos z
z cosh z

x correlation

x1_units source x2_unitst arget x3_units target

Outputs

CONVERT

Returns a past or future date, given a date in argument

1/level 2 and a number of days in argument 2/level 1.
Starts program execution, then suspends it as if HALT
were the first program command.
Returns the number of days between two dates.

DATE+

DELALARM

DEG

DEFINE

DECR

DEC

DDAYS

Deletes the specified alarm.

Selects decimal base for binary integer operations. (The

default base is decimal).
Takes a variable, subtracts 1, stores the new value back
into the original variable, and returns the new value.
Stores the expression on the right side of the = in the
variable specified on the left side, or creates a userdefined function.
Sets the angle mode to degrees.

Returns the system date.

DATE

DBUG

Sets the system date to date.

DATE

Description

DARCY

Name

Separates the real and imaginary parts of a complex

number or complex array.
Calculates the Darcy friction factor of certain fluid flows.*

CR

N
TOOLS

TOOLS

TOOLS

TOOLS

29

TOOLS

* = function

ALRM

>

<#

MEMORY
ARITHMETIC
<N

>

>

N
N

>

>

TYPE

Access
<N

date
date 1 x days date new

date

xe / D yRe xDarcy

(x, y) x y

n index

name=exp

name x new

date1 date2 x days

program or program name

Inputs

Outputs

DELALARM

30

Name

DIAG

DETACH

DET

DESOLVE

DERVX

DERIV

DEPTH

DEPND

DELKEYS

DELAY

Description

Detaches the library with the specified number from the

current directory.
Returns a vector that contains the major diagonal
elements of a matrix.

Specifies the dependent variable (and its plotting range

for TRUTH plots).
Returns a real number representing the number of
objects present on the stack (before DEPTH was
executed).
Returns the partial derivatives of a function, with respect
to the specified variables.*
Returns the derivative of a function with respect to the
current variable.*
Solves certain first-order ordinary differential equations
with respect to the current variable.
Returns the determinant of a square matrix.

Specifies how many seconds the HP 49 waits between

sending lines of information to the printer.
Clears user-defined key assignments.

* = function

CREATE

<%

OPERATIONS

< %

<&

DERIV
AND INTEG
<$

DERIV
AND INTEG
<$

STACK

Access

<N

N
NN
symb1 symb2

symb1 z symb2

x key
global

x delay

Outputs

[[ matrix ]] [ vector ]diagonals

nlibrary

[[ matrix ]] x determinant

symb1 symb2 symb3

Inputs

DELAY

Name
DIAG

Description

DIFF

Takes an array and a dimension and returns a matrix

whose major diagonal is the elements of the array.
Displays a menu of calculus commands.

DIFFEQ

Sets the plot type to DIFFEQ.

Access

NN

Inputs

CREATE

obj n
[[ array1 ]] [[ array2 ]] symb1

DISP

Displays obj in the nth display line.

DIV

Returns the divergence of a vector function.

<$

DIV2

<!

DIVIS

Performs euclidean division on two expressions. Step-bystep mode is available with this command.
Performs euclidean division on two expressions modulo
the current modulus.
Returns a list of the divisors of a polynomial or an integer.

DIVMOD

Divides two expressions modulo the current modulus.*

DIVPC

Returns a Taylor polynomial for the quotient of two

expressions.
Starts DO UNTIL END indefinite loop structure.

<$

<N

BRANCH

Executes a user-specified error, causing a program to

behave exactly as if a normal error occurred.

<N

ERROR

DIV2MOD

DO

<N

OUT

DERIV
AND INTEG

symb1 symb2 symb3

POLYNOMIAL
<!

MODULO

<!

<!

MODULO
LIMITS

&

symb1 symb2 symb3

symb1 { list1 }
symb1 z symb2
symb1 symb2 z symb3

SERIES

31

* = function

n error

DOERR

DOERR

Outputs

[ array ] diagonals { dim } [[ matrix ]]

< %

32

Plots the mathematical data in the reserved variable EQ.

DRAW

Removes the first two objects from the stack.

Removes the first n + 1 objects from the stack (the first n

objects excluding the integer n itself).
Removes all tags (labels) from an object.

Returns a copy of the argument (or the object on level 1).

Returns copies of the two arguments (or the objects on

levels 1 and 2 of the stack).
Duplicates an object twice.

DROP

DROP2

DROPN

DUP

DUP2

DUPDUP

DTAG

Draws axes in PICT.

Removes the level 1 object from the stack.

DRAX

DRAW3DMATRIX Draws a 3D plot from the values in a specified matrix.

DOT

DOSUBS

Description

Applies commands, programs, or user-defined functions

to lists.
Applies a program or command to groups of elements in a
list.
Returns the dot product AB of two arrays A and B.

Name

DOLIST

STACK

STACK

STACK

STACK

TYPE

* = function

<N

<N

<N

<NSTACK

<N

<N

VECTOR

< %

NN
N

LIST
PROCEDURES
<N

LIST
PROCEDURES

Access
<N

Inputs

Outputs

obj obj obj obj

tag:obj obj
obj obj obj
obj2 obj1 obj2 obj1 obj2 obj1

obj
obj1 obj2
obj1 ... objn n

[[ matrix ]] v min v max

[ arrayA ] [ arrayB ] x

{ list }1 n program { list }2

{ list }1 ... { list }n n program { results }

DOLIST

Name
DUPN
DR

e
EDIT
EDITB
EGCD
EGV
EGVL

Description

Access

Takes integer n from level 1 of the stack, and returns

copies of objects on stack levels 2 through to n + 1.
Converts a real number representing an angle in degrees
to its equivalent in radians.*
Returns the symbolic constant e or its numerical
representation, 2.71828182846.*
Moves specified object to the command line where it can
be edited.
Opens an object in the most suitable editing environment.

<N

Given two polynomials, u and v, returns a, b, and c where:

au + bv = c.
Computes the eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for a
square matrix.
Computes the eigenvalues of a square matrix.

<!

STACK

< P

N
N

REAL

` <

Inputs

Outputs

obj1 objn n obj1 objn obj1 objn

x (/180)x
e

obj
obj
symb1 symb2 symb3 symb4 symb5

POLYNOMIAL
< %

[[matrix ]]A [[matrix ]]EVec [vector ]EVal

EIGENVECTOR
< %

[[ matrix ]]A [ vector ]EVal

EIGENVECTOR

ELSE

33

ENDSUB

Starts false clause in conditional or error-trapping

structure.
Ends conditional, error-trapping, and indefinite loop
structures.
Provides a way to access the total number of sub-lists
contained in the list used by DOSUBS.

<N

BRANCH

<N

BRANCH

LIST
PROCEDURES
<N

* = function

ENDSUB

END

34

Separates an equation into its left and right sides.

Erases PICT, leaving a blank PICT of the same

dimensions.
Clears the last error number (and message) so that a
subsequent execution of ERRN returns # 0h.
Returns a string containing the error message of the most
recent calculator error.
Returns the error number of the most recent calculator
error.
Returns the number of integers less than a specified
integer that are co-prime with the integer.*
Evaluates the object.

Returns the left- and right-hand sides of an equation as

discrete expressions.
Returns the exponential, or natural antilogarithm, of the
argument; that is, e raised to the given power.*

EQ

ERASE

EXLR

EXP

EVAL

EULER

ERRN

ERRM

ERR0

EQW

Replaces with zero those coefficients in a polynomial that

have an absolute value less than the variable EPS.
Opens Equation Writer, where you can edit an expression.

EPSX0

Description

Sets the number display format to engineering mode.

Name

ENG

N
* = function

<Q

>

INTEGER

ERROR

ERROR

ERROR

<!

<N

<N

<N

TYPE

Access

<N

NN
N
N
exp1 exp2

n
symb1 symb2

Outputs

z ez

obj
symb1 symb2 symb3

z1 z2

#n error

error message

symb1=symb2 symb1 symb2

Inputs

ENG

Name

Description

Access

Expands and simplifies an algebraic expression.

EXPAND

Expands and simplifies an algebraic expression.

EXPANDMOD

Expands and simplifies an expression, modulo the current

modulus.*
Stores EXPFIT in PAR, thus subsequent executions of
LR will use the exponential curve fitting model.
Transforms the trigonometric terms in an expression to
exponential and logarithmic terms.

<!

Returns ex 1.*

< P

EXPFIT
EXPLN
EXPM
EYEPT
F0
FACT

Inputs

Outputs
symb1 symb2

EXPAN

symb1 symb2

>

MODULO

<^

Specifies the coordinates of the eye point in a perspective

plot.
Returns the fraction of total black-body emissive power at
temperature xT between wavelengths 0 and ylambda.*

N
N

FACT is the same as !. See !.

< P

symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2

x ex 1

HYPERBOLIC

x point y point z point

y lambda xT x power

F0

n n!

FACTOR

Factorizes a polynomial or an integer.

>

FACTORMOD

Factorizes a polynomial modulo the current modulus. The

modulus must be less than 100, and a prime number.*

<!

symb1 symb2
MODULO

35
* = function

symb1 symb2

FACTORMOD

PROBABILITY

36

From an array of roots and multiplicities/poles, returns a

rational polynomial with a leading coefficient of 1.
Tests whether the specified system or user flag is clear,
and returns a corresponding test result.
Tests whether the specified system or user flag is clear,
returns a corresponding test result, and then clears the
flag.
Computes the one- or two-dimensional discrete Fourier
transform of an array.
Opens File Manager.

Returns the alarm index nindex of the first alarm due after
the specified time.
Terminates Kermit Server mode in a connected device.

Sets the number display format to fix mode, which rounds

the display to n decimal places.

FINDALARM

FIX

FINISH

FILER

FFT

FC?C

FC?

FAST3D

FANNING

FCOEF

Description

For a value or expression, returns a list of prime factors

and their multiplicities.
Calculates the Fanning friction factor of certain fluid
flows.*
Sets the plot type to FAST 3D.

Name

FACTORS

N
N

Access

TOOLS

* = function

ALRM

NN

< G
>

FFT

TEST

TEST

< P

<N

<N

POLYNOMIAL

<!

<!

Inputs

date n index

[ array ]1 [ array ]2

n flagnumber 0/1

n flagnumber 0/1

[[ array1 ]] symb1

x x/D y Re x fanning

z { list }

Outputs

FACTORS

Name

Description

FLASHEVAL

Evaluates unnamed flash functions.

FLOOR
FONT

Returns the greatest integer that is less than or equal to

the argument.*
Returns the current system font.

FONT6

Returns the system FONT 6 object.

FONT7

Returns the system FONT 7 object.

FONT8

Returns the system FONT 8 object.

FONT

Sets the system font.*

FOR

Starts FOR NEXT and FOR STEP definite loop

structures.

N
NN
NN
N

Access

< P

obj
obj
obj
obj
obj
BRANCH

Returns the n coefficient of a complex Fourier series

expansion.*

<$

DERIV.

FP

Returns the fractional part of the argument.*

< P

FREEZE

Freezes the specified part of the display so that it is not

updated until a key is pressed.
For a rational polynomial, returns an array of its roots and
poles, with their corresponding multiplicities.

<N

th

FOR x start x finish

&

symb1 z1 z2

INTEG
REAL

OUT

<!

POLYNOMIAL

37
* = function

x y
n displayarea
symb1 [[ array1 ]]

FROOTS

FROOTS

Outputs

#n function
x n

REAL

<N

FOURIER

Inputs

Description

FUNCTION

Tests whether the specified system or user flag is set, and

returns a corresponding test result.
Tests whether the specified system or user flag is set,
returns a corresponding test result, then clears the flag.
Sets the plot type to FUNCTION.

FXND

Splits an object into a numerator and a denominator.

GAUSS

Returns the diagonal representation of a quadratic form.

GCD

Returns the greatest common divisor of two objects.

FS?C

Access

Inputs

Outputs

<N

TEST

n flagnumber 0/1

NN

TEST

n flagnumber 0/1

<N

symb1 symb2 symb3

<%

symb1

[ vector1 ] [[ array1 ]] [[ array2 ]] symb2 { list }

QUADRATIC FORM

symb1 symb2 z

<!

POLYNOMIAL

GCDMOD

GOR

Finds the greatest common divisor of two polynomials

modulo the current modulus.*
Retrieves the specified object from a matrix, a list, or an
array.
Retrieves the specified object from a matrix, a list, or an
array, and the index of the next object.
Superimposes grob1 onto grobtarget.

GRAD
GRIDMAP

Sets Grads angle mode.

Sets the plot type to GRIDMAP.

GET
GETI

<!

MODULO

LIST
ELEMENTS
<N

LIST
ELEMENTS
<N

<N

GROB

* = function

symb1 symb2 symb3

[[ matrix ]] n position z get
[[ matrix ]] n position1 [[ matrix ]] n position2 z get

grob target { #n #m } grob1 grob result

FS?

38

Name
FS?

Name
GROB

Description
Creates a graphics object from a specified object, where
the argument nchar size specifies the size of the object.

GROBADD

Combines two graphic objects.

GXOR

Superimposes grob1 onto grobtarget.

HADAMARD

Performs an element by element multiplication of two

matrices (Hadamard product).

HALT

Replaces sin(x), cos(x) and tan(x) terms with tan(x/2)

terms.
Halts program execution.

HEAD

Returns the first element of a list or string.

HEADER

Returns the size, in lines, of the display header.

HEADER

Sets the size, in lines, of the display header.

HERMITE

Returns the nth Hermite polynomial.*

HESS

Returns the Hessian matrix and the gradient of an

expression with respect to the specified variables.
Sets hexadecimal base for binary integer operations.

HALFTAN

N
N

Access

<N

Inputs

Outputs

obj n charsize grob

grob1 grob2 grob3
grob1 grob result

grob target { #n #m }

GROB

[[ matrix1 ]] [[ matrix2 ]] [[ matrix3 ]]

<%

OPERATIONS

symb1 symb2

>

<N

RUN

&

DEBUG

NN

{ obj1 ... objn } obj1

<N CHARS

z
z
z symb1

<!

POLYNOMIAL

DERIV

&

symb1

[ vector1 ] [[ matrix ]] z [ vector2 ]

INTEG

* = function

HEX

39

HEX

<$

Description
Returns a square Hilbert matrix of the specified order.

HISTOGRAM

Sets the plot type to HISTOGRAM.

HISTPLOT

Plots a frequency histogram.

HMS

HOME

Converts a real number representing hours or degrees

with a decimal fraction to hours-minutes-seconds format.
Returns the difference of two real numbers, where the
arguments and the result are interpreted in hours-minutesseconds format.
Returns the sum of two real numbers, where the
arguments and the result are interpreted in hours-minutesseconds format.
Converts a real number in hours-minutes-seconds format
to its decimal form.
Makes the HOME directory the current directory.

HORNER

Executes a Horner scheme on a polynomial.

Access

NN

<%

Inputs

Outputs

z [[ matrix ]]

CREATE

HMS

HMS+

HMS

TOOLS

>

x HMS

>

TOOLS

HMS1 HMS2 HMS1 HMS2

>

TOOLS

HMS1 HMS2 HMS1 + HMS2

TOOLS

>

<!

HMS x

symb1 z1 symb2 z2 z3

POLYNOMIAL

Returns the symbolic constant i or its numerical

representation, (0, 1).*

<

* = function

HILBERT

40

Name
HILBERT

Name

Description

IBERNOULLI

Returns a solution in integers u and v of au + bv = c,

where a, b, and c are integers.
Returns the nth Bernoulli number for a given integer.*

IBP

Performs integration by parts on a function.

ICHINREM

Solves a system of two congruences in integers using the

Chinese Remainder theorem.
For two integers, a and b, returns the integer part of a/b,
and the remainder, r.
Returns an identity matrix.

IABCUV

Access
<!

Inputs

INTEGER

Outputs

n1 n2 n3 z1 z2
n1 z1

<$DERIV

&

symb1 symb2 symb3 symb4

INTEG

IDIV2
IDN

<!

INTEGER

<!

INTEGER

< %

[ vector1 ] [ vector2 ] [ vector3 ]

n1 n2 n3 n4
n [[ R-matrix identity ]]

CREATE

IEGCD
IF
IFERR
IFFT

<!

INTEGER

<N

BRANCH

<N

ERROR

n1 n2 n3 n4 n5

IFERR
< P

<N

FFT

BRANCH

* = function

[ array ]1 [ array ]2

T/F obj

IFT

41

IFT

Given two integers x and y, returns three integers, a, b,

and c, such that: ax + by = c.
Starts IF THEN END and IF THEN ELSE
END conditional structures.
Starts IFERR THEN END and IFERR THEN
ELSE END error trapping structures.
Computes the one- or two-dimensional inverse discrete
Fourier transform of an array.
Executes obj if T/F is nonzero; discards obj if T/F is zero.

42

Description

Prompts for data input to the command line and halts

stack or command line operations.

Calculates the antiderivative of a function for a given

variable, at a given point.*
Finds the antiderivative of a function symbolically, with
respect to the current default variable.*
Returns the reciprocal or the matrix inverse.*

INFORM

INPUT

INT

INVMOD

INV

Performs modular inversion on an object modulo the

current modulus.*

Creates a user-defined input form (dialog box).

INDEP

INTVX

Returns the imaginary part of its complex argument.*

Takes a variable, adds 1, stores the new value back into

the original variable, and returns the new value.
Specifies the independent variable and its plotting range.

Executes the obj in argument 2 or level 2 if T/F is nonzero.

Executes the obj in argument 3 or level 1 if T/F is zero.*
Returns the inverse Laplace transform of an expression.
The expression must evaluate to a rational fraction.*

INCR

Name

IM

ILAP

IFTE

&

* = function

MODULO

DERIV.

IN

IN

<!

INTEG

<$

<N

<N

MEMORY
ARITHMETIC
<N

>

DIFFERENTIAL
EQNS

<$

BRANCH

Access
<N

z 1/z
obj1 obj1

symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2 symb3 symb4

stack prompt command-line result

prompt

global
title {s1, s2, ... sn } format { vals } 1
{ resets } {init }

x 0
name x increment

symb1 symb2

T/F obj true obj false

Inputs

Outputs

IFTE

Description

Returns an algebraic symb2 that rearranges symb1 to

isolate the first occurrence of variable global.

Tests if a number is prime.*

Converts an integer into a real number.*

Computes the eigenvalues, eigenvectors, minimum

polynomial, and characteristic polynomial of a matrix.
Returns the text of the most recent Kermit error packet.

Suspends program execution until a key is pressed, then

returns the row-column location xnm of that key.

Actions the specified key press.

Sets a new keytime value, or the time in ticks after a

keypress until another key is actioned.
Displays the current keytime value.

Used by a local Kermit to get a Kermit server to transmit

the named object(s).

IREMAINDER

ISOL

ISPRIME?

IR

JORDAN

KEY

KEYEVAL

KEYTIME

KGET

KEYTIME

KERRM

Returns the integer quotient of two integers.*

Returns the remainder of an integer division.*

IQUOT

Returns the integer part of the argument.*

Name

IP

INTEGER

INTEGER

43

IN

* = function

N
N
N
N

<N

EIGENVECTORS

<%

N
<!

< &

N
<!

REAL

Access
< P

n1 n2 n3

x n
n1 n2 n3

Outputs

time
name

rc.p1
time

xn m 1

error message

obj1 T/F
n z
[[ matrix1 ]] symb1 symb2 { list1 } [[ array1 ]]

symb1 global symb2

Inputs

KGET

44

Sets the language used in messages.

Performs a Laplace transform on an expression with

respect to the current default variable.*

Returns the Laplacian of a function with respect to a

vector of variables.
Returns copies of the arguments of the most recently
executed command.*
Displays the specified graphics object with its upper left
pixel in the upper left corner of the display.
Returns the current stack and menu display as a 131 64
graphics object.
Returns the least common multiple of two objects.*

LAP

LAPL

LCM

LCD

LCD

LASTARG

LAGRANGE

LABEL

LANGUAGE

Description

LANGUAGE

Name

Cancels all currently halted programs. If KILL is executed

within a program, that program is also canceled.
Labels axes in PICT with variable names and with the
minimum and maximum values of the display ranges.
Returns the interpolating polynomial of minimum degree
for a pair of values.
Returns a value indicating the message language.

KILL

DERIV

GROB

ERROR

* = function

POLYNOMIAL

<!

<N

<N

INTEG

<$

&

&

DIFFERENTIAL
EQNS

<$

POLYNOMIAL

N
N

<!

DEBUG

RUN

Access
< N

z
z
symb1 symb2

[[ matrix1 ]] symb1

symb1 symb2 symb3

grob

grob

objn obj1

symb1 [ vector1 ] symb2

Inputs

Outputs

KILL

Draws a line in PICT between the input coordinates.

Returns an expression representing the best fit line

according to the current statistical model.
Stores LINFIT in the reserved variable PAR. Subsequent
executions of LR will use the linear curve fitting model.

LINE

LINE

LINFIT

LIN

LIMIT

Returns the greatest common divisor of a list of

expressions or values.*
Evaluates unnamed library functions.

Lists the title, number, and port of each library attached to

the current directory.
Returns the limit of a function as it approaches a specified
value.*
Linearizes expressions involving exponential terms.

LIBS

LIBEVAL

LGCD

LEGENDRE

Solves a linear differential equation with constant

coefficients.
Returns the nth degree Legendre polynomial.*

LDEC

Description

From a program with two arguments, builds a matrix with

the specified number of rows and columns, with aij = f(i,j).

Name

LCXM

Access

LIMITS

PICT

* = function

N
N
<N

<*

SERIES

<$

N
N

<!

POLYNOMIAL

<!

<&

&

Outputs

symb formula

(x1, y1) (x2, y2)

symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2 symb3

{title n lib n port title n lib n port }

#n function

{list1} {list1} z1

n1 symb1

symb1 symb2 symb3

n1 n2 program [[ matrix1 ]]

Inputs

LINFIT

45

46
>
< P

Simplifies an expression by collecting logarithmic terms.

Returns ln (x + 1).*

Returns the common logarithm (base 10) of the

argument.*
Stores LOGFIT in PAR. Subsequent executions of LR
will use the log curve-fitting model.

LNCOLLECT

LNP1

LOG

LOGFIT

LIST

LIST

* = function

>

HYPERBOLIC

N
>

Returns the variable names in a symbolic expression.

LNAME

LN

LIST

< P

N
N

Returns the product of the elements in a list.

Takes n specified objects and returns a list of those

objects.
Takes a list of n objects and returns each object
separately, and returns the total number of objects to item.
Returns the natural (base e) logarithm of the argument.*

< P

LIST

Returns the first differences of the elements in a list.

LIST

<P LIST

<&

TEST

Access
<N

LIST

Returns the sum of the elements in a list.

LINSOLVE

LIST

Description

Tests whether an algebraic is structurally linear for a given

variable.*
Solves a system of linear equations.

Name

LININ

Outputs

z log z

x ln (x + 1)

z ln z
symb1 [ vector1 ]
symb1 symb2

{ obj1 ...objn } obj1 objn n

obj1 objn n { obj1 objn }

{ list } z
{ list } { differences }
{ list } z

[[ array1 ]] [ vector1 ] symb1 { list1 } symb2

symb name 0/1

Inputs

LININ

Returns a list of variables in an algebraic object.

Returns details of a square matrix.

Displays a menu of CAS categories.

Returns the mantissa of the argument.*

Applies a specified program to a list of objects or values.

Rewrites an expression that matches a specified pattern.

LSQ

LVAR

MAD

MAIN

MANT

MAP

MATCH

Like MATCH, but works top-down not bottom-up.

Displays a menu of matrix commands.

Returns the greater of two inputs.*

MATCH

MATR

MAX

LU

Uses currently selected statistical model to calculate the

linear regression coefficients (intercept and slope).
Returns the minimum norm least squares solution to any
system of linear equations where A X = B.
Returns the LU decomposition of a square matrix.

LR

Description

Returns the LQ factorization of an m n matrix.

Name

LQ

Access

REAL

REAL

* = function

< P

< P

N
N
N
N
N

OPERATIONS

<%

FACTORIZATION

< %

OPERATIONS

< %

FACTORIZATION

< %

Outputs

Intercept: x 1 Slope: x 2

[[ matrix ]]A [[ matrix ]]L [[ matrix ]]Q [[ matrix ]]P

x y max(x,y)

{ list1 } program { list2 }

symb1 { symb pat, symb repl } symb2 0/1
symb1 { symb pat, symb repl } symb2 0/1

x y mant

[[ array1 ]] symb1 symb2 [[ matrix1 ]]

symb3

obj1 obj2 [ vector1 ]

[[ matrix ]]A [[ matrix ]]L [[ matrix ]]U [[ matrix ]]P

[ array ]B [[ matrix ]]A [ array ]x

Inputs

MAX

47

48

Name

Description

Returns the font used as the minifont.

Sets the font used as the minifont.

Creates the reserved variable MPAR, which includes the

equations in EQ and the variables in these equations.
(Used by the multiple-equation solver.)

MINIFONT

MINIFONT

MINIT

MIN

MENUXY

Returns the symbolic constant MAXR or its numerical

representation 9.99999999999E499.*
Finds the maximum coordinate value in each of the m
columns of the current statistical matrix.
Designates a variable as a calculated variable for the
multiple-equation solver.
Returns the mean of each of the m columns of coordinate
values in the current statistics matrix.
Returns the number of bytes of available RAM.

Displays a built-in menu or a library menu, or defines and

displays a custom menu.
Displays a function key menu of the computer algebra
commands in the specified range.
Returns the lesser of two inputs.*

MENU

MEM

MEAN

MCALC

MAX

MAXR

Access

* = function

REAL

MEMORY

< P

N
N
N

N
N
<N

CONSTANTS

N
N
N

< P

Inputs

obj
obj

x y min (x,y)

n1 n2 string1

x
xmenu

x mean

name

x max

MAXR

Outputs

MAXR

Changes the modulo setting to the specified number.

Uses the multiple-equation solver to solve for one or more

variables using the equations in EQ.
Creates a user-defined message box.

MODSTO

MROOT

NDIST

NDISP

MUSER

MULTMOD

MSOLVR

MSGBOX

Returns the normal probability distribution at x based on

the mean m and variance v of the normal distribution.

Displays the multiple-equation solver variable menu for

the set of equations stored in EQ.
Performs modular multiplication of two objects, modulo
the current modulus.*
Designates a variable as user-defined for the multipleequation solver.
Sets the number of lines over which an object is displayed.

Returns a remainder where x mod y = x y floor (x/y).*

MOD

MIN

MITM

Description

Returns the symbolic constant MINR or its numerical

representation, 1.00000000000E499.*
Finds the minimum coordinate value in each of the m
columns of the current statistics matrix.
Changes multiple equation menu titles and order.

Name

MINR

Access

MODULO

49
* = function

PROBABILITY

< P

N
N

REAL
MODULO

OUT

<!

<N

N
<!

< P

CONSTANTS

N
N

< P

Inputs

n
m v x ndist(m, v, x)

name

obj1 obj2 obj3

message

x y x mod y
z1 z2
name x

"title" { list }

x min

MINR

Outputs

NDIST

50

Description

Returns the next prime number greater than a specified

integer.*
Drops the item on level 2 of the stack.

Returns the ones complement or logical inverse of the

argument.*
Place holder for reset and initial values in user-defined
dialog boxes. NOVAL is returned when a field is empty.
Returns the number of rows in the current statistical
matrix.
Provides access to the current sub-list position during an
iteration of a program or command applied using
DOSUBS.
Returns the code of the first character in a string.

NEXT

NEXTPRIME

NOT

NUM

NUM

NSUB

NOVAL

Converts an exact value to its approximate equivalent.

Ends definite loop structures.

NEWOB

NIP

Changes the sign or negates an object.*

Creates a new copy of the specified object.

NEG

Duplicates an object n times, and returns n.

Name

NDUPN

Access

IN

TEST

STACK

TYPE

* = function

>

<N

LIST
PROCEDURES
<N

<N

< N

<N

INTEGER

BRANCH

MEMORY

<!

<N

<N

>

Inputs

string n
n1 n 2

n position

n rows

NOVAL

obj1 obj2 obj2

#n 1 #n 2

n1 n2

obj n obj obj n

z z
obj1 obj1

Outputs

NDUPN

Description

Opens a serial port using the I/O parameters in the

reserved variable IOPAR.
Returns the logical OR of two arguments.*

Reorders the variables in the current directory (shown in

the VAR menu) to the order specified.
Returns a copy to level 1 of the object on level 2.

Takes a prime number and returns a Gaussian integer.

Sets the plot type to PARAMETRIC.

Sets the parity value in the reserved variable IOPAR.

Sets plot type to PARSURFACE.

OFF

OPENIO

ORDER

PA2B2

PARAMETRIC

PARITY
PARSURFACE

OVER

OR

Selects octal base for binary integer operations.

Turns off the calculator.

OCT

OBJ

NUMY

Sets the number of x-steps for each y-step in 3D

perspective plots.
Sets the number of y-steps across the view volume in 3D
perspective plots.
Separates an object into its components.

Name

NUMX

BASE

51
* = function

N
N
N
INTEGER

STACK

<!

<N

MEMORY
DIRECTORY
<N

LOGIC

>

>

N
N
TYPE

Access

<N

N
N

#n 1 #n 2 #n 3

(x, y) x y

ny

nx

Outputs

nparity

z1 z2

obj1 obj2 obj1 obj2 obj1

{ global 1 ... global n }

Inputs

PARSURFACE

52
<%

Returns the coefficients of a monic polynomial having

specific roots.
Sets the plot type to PCONTOUR.

PCONTOUR

Purges the named directory.

Copies the contents of a specified level to level 1.

PEVAL

PGDIR

PICK

PERM

PDIM

Returns the population covariance of the independent

and dependent data columns in the current statistics
matrix.
Replaces PICT with a blank PICT of the specified
dimensions.
Returns the number of possible permutations of n items
taken m at a time.*
Evaluates an n-degree polynomial at x.

PCOV

PCOEF

PICT

STACK

* = function

<N

MEMORY
DIRECTORY
<N

PROBABILITY

< P

<N

POLYNOMIAL

N
N

< !

EIGENVECTORS

MEMORY
DIRECTORY

POLYNOMIAL

Returns the characteristic polynomial of an n n matrix.

PATH

PCAR

Access
<!

<N

Description

Performs partial fraction decomposition on a partial

fraction.
Returns a list specifying the path to the current directory.

Name

PARTFRAC

Outputs

x pcovariance

[ array ] roots [ array ] coefficients

[[ matrix1 ]] symb1

{ HOME directory-namen
directory-namen }

symb1 symb2

objn ... obj1 n objn obj1 objn

[ array ] coefficients x p(x)

global

n m Pn,m

(x min, y min) (x max, ymax)

Inputs

PARTFRAC

Turns on the pixel at the specified coordinate in PICT.

Tests whether the specified pixel in PICT is on.

Used to send command packets (and receive requested

data) to a Kermit server.
Adds a function to the plot function list.

PIXON

PIX?

PKT

POS

POLAR

PMIN

PMAX

Returns the position of a substring within a string or the

position of an object within a list.

Specifies (x, y) as the coordinates of the upper right

corner of the display.
Specifies (x, y) as the coordinates of the lower left corner
of the display.
Sets the plot type to POLAR.

<N

Turns off the pixel at the specified coordinate in PICT.

PIXOFF

PLOTADD

<N

Initializes all currently active ports.

PINIT

CHARS

PICT

PICT

PICT

* = function

<N

N
N
N
N
N
<N

N
N

Selects the Picture environment.

PICTURE

<N

PICT

Access

Puts the name PICT on the stack.

PICT

Description

Duplicates the object on level 3 of the stack.

Name

PICK3

Outputs

(x,y)

symb1
(x,y)

(x,y) 0/1
data type response

(x,y)
(x,y)

PICT

obj1 obj2 obj3 obj1 obj2 obj3 obj1

string substring n

Inputs

POS

53

54

Returns the predicted dependent-variable value

ydependent, based on xindependent, the selected statistical
model, and the current regression coefficients in PAR.
Returns the predicted independent-variable value
xindependent based on: ydependent, the selected statistical
model, and the current regression coefficients in PAR.
Returns the predicted dependent-variable value based on
xindependent, the selected statistical model, and the current
regression coefficients in PAR. Same as PREDV.
Relative to the current default variable, returns the
difference between the values of a function at two
specified values.*
Given an integer, finds the closest prime number less than
the integer.*
Prints a pixel-by-pixel image of the current display
(excluding the annunciators).

PRLCD

PREVPRIME

PREVAL

PREDY

PREDX

PR1

PREDV

Description

Raises an object (number or expression) to the specified

power, and expresses the result modulo the current
modulus.*
Prints an object in multiline printer format.

Name

POWMOD

&

INTEGER

DERIV.

* = function

<!

INTEG

<$

N
N

MODULO

Access
<!

Inputs

n1 n2

symb1 z1 z2 symb2

x independent y dependent

ydependent x independent

x independent ydependent

obj1 z1 obj2

Outputs

POWMOD

Prints all objects on the stack, starting with the object on

the highest level.
Prints in compact form all objects on the stack, starting
with the object on the highest level.
Searches the current directory path or port for the
specified variables and prints the name and contents of
each variable.
Calculates the population standard deviation of each of
the m columns of coordinate values in DAT.
Calculates the digamma function in one point.*

PRST

Calculates the polygamma function in one point.*

Returns the Taylor polynomial for a specified polynomial.*

PSI

PTAYL

Psi

PSDEV

PRVAR

PRSTC

PROPFRAC

PROOT

Creates a variable with the specified name, prompts for a

value, and stores the value you enter in the variable.
Returns all roots of an n-degree polynomial having real or
complex coefficients.
Splits an improper fraction into an integer and a fraction.

PROMPTSTO

Description

Displays the contents of prompt in the status area, and

halts program execution.

Name

PROMPT

55
* = function

POLYNOMIAL

<!

N
N
N
N
N
N
<!

POLYNOMIAL

< !

IN

Access
<N

global

prompt

symb1 z1 symb2

symb1 n symb2
symb1 symb2

xpsdev

name

symb1 symb2

[ array ] coefficients [ array ] roots

Inputs

Outputs

PTAYL

56

As for PUT (see above) but also increments the position.

Calculates the population variance of the coordinate

values in each of the m columns in DAT.
Returns a list of the backup objects and library objects in a
specified port, and the available memory.
Displays PICT with the specified coordinates at the upper
left corner of the graphics display.
Stores PWRFIT in PAR, so that subsequent executions
of LR use the power curve fitting model.
Converts the specified pixel coordinates to user-unit
coordinates.
Returns a rational form of the argument.

PVAR

Returns the QR factorization of an m n matrix.

Finds zeros of an expression equated to 0, or solves an

equation. Same as SOLVE.

QR

QUAD

PXC

PWRFIT

PVIEW

PVARS

PUT

PUTI

Description

Purges the named variables or empty subdirectories from

the current directory.
Replaces the object at a specified position in an array.

Name

PURGE

PICT

PICT

* = function

FACTORIZATION

< %

<N

<N

N
N

LIST
ELEMENTS

<N

LIST
ELEMENTS
<N

MEMORY

Access
<N

global

Outputs

symb1 global symb2

x a/b
[[ matrix ]]A [[ matrix ]]Q [[ matrix ]]R [[ matrix ]]P

{ #n, #s } (x,y)

(x,y)

nport { :n port: name backup } memory

x pvariance

[[ matrix ]]1 n position1 z put [[ matrix ]]2 n position2

[[ matrix ]]1 n position z put [[ matrix ]]2

Inputs

PURGE

Returns a matrix of specified dimensions that contains

random integers in the range 9 to 9.
Prefix form of / (divide).*

RANM

RCI

RCEQ

RATIO

Returns the unevaluated contents of the reserved variable

EQ from the current directory.
Multiplies row n of a matrix (or element n of a vector) by a
constant xfactor, and returns the modified matrix.

Returns a pseudo-random number generated using a

seed value, and updates the seed value.
Returns the rank of a rectangular matrix.

RANK

RAND

RAD

QXA

Access
<!

* = function

CREATE ROW

< %

CREATE

N
N

< %

OPERATIONS

< %

PROBABILITY

< P

POLYNOMIAL

N
N
Returns a rational form of the argument, or a rational form N
of the argument with factored out.
Sets Radians angle mode.
N

Expresses a quadratic form in matrix form.

QUOTE

Description

Returns the quotient part of the Euclidean division of two

polynomials.
Returns unevaluated arguments.*

Name

QUOT

Outputs

[[ matrix ]]1 x factor nvrow number [[ matrix ]]3

objEQ

z1 z2 z1/z2

{ m, n } [[ random matrix ]]mn

[[ matrix ]] n rank

x random

x a/b*

symb1 [ vector1 ] symb2 [ vector2 ]

obj1 obj2

symb1 symb2 symb3

Inputs

RCI

57

58

Recalls a specified alarm.

Returns a list of integers representing the states of the

system and user flags respectively.
Returns the current user key assignments.

Returns the number of the currently displayed menu.

Returns the statistical matrix from the current directory.

Returns the current wordsize in bits (1 through 64).

Rearranges the elements of the argument according to

specified dimensions.
Specifies the seed for the RAND command.

Returns the real part of the argument.*

Prepares the HP 49 to receive a file from another Kermit

server device, and to store the file in a specified variable.

RCLF

RCLKEYS

RCLMENU

RCL

RCWS

RDM

RE

RECN

RDZ

RCL

RCLALARM

Description

Multiplies row i of a matrix by a constant xfactor, adds this

product to row j of the matrix, and returns the modified
matrix.*
Returns the unevaluated contents of a specified variable.

Name

RCIJ

Access

TOOLS

* = function

N
>

PROBABILITY

< P

CREATE

< %

>

ALRM

N
N
N
N

>

<K

CREATE ROW

< %

Inputs

Outputs

(x, y) x
name

x seed

n
[ vector ]1 { n elements } [ vector ]2

[[ matrix ]]

x menu

{ obj1, x key 1, objn, x keyn }

{ #n system #n user #n system2 #n user2 }

name obj
nindex { date time obj action x repeat }

[[ matrix ]]1 x factor n row i n row j [[ matrix ]]2

RCIJ

Returns the remainder of the Euclidean division of two

polynomials.*
Renames a variable as specified.

Given a polynomial and variable, reorders the variables in

the order of powers set in the CAS modes.*
Starts a loop clause in aWHILE REPEAT END
indefinite loop structure.
Replaces a portion of the target object with a specified
object, beginning at a specified position.
Specifies the resolution of mathematical and statistical
plots.
Replaces the current HOME directory with the specified
backup copy previously created by ARCHIVE.
Returns resultant of two polynomials of the current
variable.*

REMAINDER

REORDER

RESULTANT

RESTORE

RES

REPL

REPEAT

RENAME

REF

Instructs the HP 49 to look for a named file on another

Kermit server device.
Reduces a matrix to echelon form.

RECV

Description

Sets the coordinate mode to rectangular.

Name

RECT

LIST

BRANCH

* = function

N
N
N

<N

<N

POLYNOMIAL

N
N

<!

SYSTEMS

LINEAR

Access

<%

N
N
[[ matrix1 ]] [[ matrix2 ]]

symb1 symb2 z1

:n port: name backup

n interval

[[ matrix ]]1 nposition [[ matrix ]]2 [[ matrix ]]3

name new name old

symb1 z1 symb2

symb1 symb2 symb3

Inputs

Outputs

RESULTANT

59

60

Performs symbolic integration on a function using the

Risch algorithm.*
Computes solution to an initial value problem for a
differential equation using the RungeKuttaFehlberg
(4,5) method.
Returns the absolute error estimate for a given step h
when solving an initial value problem for a differential
equation.
Computes the next solution step (hnext) to an initial value
problem for a differential equation.
Rotates a binary integer one bit to the left.

ROLL

Moves the contents of a specified level to level 1, and rolls

up the portion of the stack beneath the specified level.

Rounds an object to a specified number of decimal places

or significant digits, or to fit the current display format.*
Returns the row norm (infinity norm) of an array.

RND

RNRM

Rotates a binary integer one byte to the left.

RLB

RL

RKFSTEP

RKFERR

RKF

RISCH

Description

Reverses the order of the elements in a list.

Name

REVLIST

REAL

BASE

* = function

STACK

OPERATIONS
<N

&

BASE BIT

DERIV.

< %

< P

BYTE

< P

< P

INTEG

N
N
N

<$

LIST
PROCEDURES

Access
<N

Outputs

objn ... obj1 n objn1 obj1 objn

[ array ] x row norm

z1 n round z2

#n 1 #n 2
#n 1 #n 2

{ list } x tol h { list } x tol h next

{ list } h { list } h ydelta error

{ list } x tol xT final { list } x tol

symb1 z1 symb2

{ objn, ... obj1 } { obj1, objn }

Inputs

REVLIST

Name

Description

Rotates a binary integer one byte to the right.

RRB

RR

Transforms a series of row vectors and a row count into a

matrix containing those rows.
Rotates a binary integer one bit to the right.

Returns the value of the specified variable global for which

the specified program or algebraic object most nearly
evaluates to zero or a local extremum.
Rotates the first three objects on the stack, moving the
object on level 3 to level 1.
Transforms a matrix into a series of row vectors and
returns the vectors and a row count.
Deletes row n of a matrix (or element n of a vector), and
returns the modified matrix (or vector) and the deleted row
(or element).
Inserts an array into a matrix at the position indicated by
nindex, and returns the modified matrix.

Moves the contents of level 2 to a specified level, n, and

rolls downward the portion of the stack beneath the
specified level.
Transfers the operating system to another calculator.

ROW

ROW+

ROW

ROW

ROT

ROOT

ROMUPLOAD

ROLLD

STACK

61

ROW

BYTE

BIT

* = function

>

>

< %

CREATE ROW

< %

CREATE ROW

< %

CREATE ROW

< %

<N

N
N

STACK

Access
<N

Outputs

objn ... obj1 n obj1 objn obj2

#n 1 #n 2
#n 1 #n 2

[ vector ]row1[ vector ]rown n [[ matrix ]]

[[ matrix ]]1 [[ matrix ]]2 nindex [[ matrix ]]3

[[ matrix ]]1 nrow [[ matrix ]]2 [ vector ]row

[[ matrix ]] [ vector ]row1 [ vector ]row n n

obj3 obj2 obj1 obj2 obj1 obj3

program global guess x root

Inputs

RRB

62

Name

Description

Swaps rows i and j of a matrix and returns the modified

matrix.
Converts a positive real to its binary integer equivalent.

Combines two real numbers or real arrays into a single

complex number or complex array.
Converts a real number expressed in radians to its
equivalent in degrees.*

RSWP

RC

RD

RB

RSD

RSBERR

RRKSTEP

RRK

Performs modular row-reduction to echelon form on a

matrix, modulo the current modulus.
Computes the solution to an initial value problem for a
differential equation with known partial derivatives.
Computes the next solution step to an initial value problem
for a differential equation, and displays method used.
Returns an error estimate for a given step h when solving
an initial values problem for a differential equation.
Computes the residual B AZ of the arrays B, A, and Z.

Reduces a matrix to row-reduced echelon form and

returns pivot points.*
Reduces a matrix to row-reduced echelon form.*

RREFMOD

RREF

rref

N
N
N
N

* = function

REAL

TYPE

< P

<N

>

CREATE ROW

< %

OPERATIONS

< %

SYSTEMS

LINEAR

Access

<%

Outputs

[[ matrix1 ]] [[ matrix2 ]]

[[ matrix1 ]] [[ matrix2 ]]

[[ matrix1 ]] { list } [[ matrix2 ]]

x (180/)x

n #n
x y (x,y)

[[ matrix ]]1 nrow i nrow j [[ matrix ]]2

[[ matrix ]]B [[ matrix ]]A [[ matrix ]]Z [[ matrix ]]BAZ

{ list } h { list } h ydelta error

{ list } x tol h last { list } x tol h next current

{ list } x tol xT final { list } x tol

Inputs

rref

Multiplies the vertical plot scale by xfactor.

Multiplies the horizontal plot scale by xfactor.

SCALEH

SCALEW

Sets the number display to scientific mode: one digit left of

the fraction mark and n significant digits to the right.
Adjusts (xmin, y min) and (xmax, ymax) in PPAR so that a
subsequent scatter plot exactly fills PICT.

SCI

SCL

Returns the Schur decomposition of a square matrix.

SCHUR

SCATTER

SCATRPLOT

N
N

* = function

FACTORIZATION

N
N

< %

TEST

Access

<N

N
N
Draws a scatterplot of (x, y) data points from the specified N
columns of the current statistics matrix.
Sets the plot type to SCATTER.
N

Adjusts first two parameters in PPAR, (xmin, ymin) and

(xmax, ymax), so that xscale and yscale are the new plot
horizontal and vertical scales.

SCALE

SBRK

Compares two objects, and returns a true result (1) if they

are identical, and a false result (0) if they are not.
Interrupts serial transmission or reception

SAME

Description

Converts a real number to an integer.*

Name

RI

Inputs

Outputs

[[ matrix ]]A [[ matrix ]]Q [[ matrix ]]T

x factor

x factor

x scale y scale

z1 n1
obj1 obj2 0/1

SCL

63

64

Calculates the sample standard deviation of each of the m

columns of coordinate values in DAT.
Sends a copy of the named objects to a Kermit device.

SDEV

For a given function, computes Taylor series, asymptotic

development and limit at finite and infinite points.
Starts Kermit Server mode.

SERIES

Returns symb2, which is equivalent to symb1 but with all

implicit references to the variable name made explicit.
Calculates the intrinsic density of silicon as a function of
temperature, xT.*

SHOW

SIDENS

SF

Evaluates the variables in an expression and substitutes

the values into the expression.*
Sets a specified user or system flag.

SEVAL

SERVER

Returns a list of results generated by repeatedly executing

objexec using index between xstart to xend, in steps of xincr.

SEQ

SEND

Displays the contents of a named object.

SCROLL

Description

Conjugates the contents of a named object.

Name

SCONJ

TEST

LIMITS

* = function

N
N
<N

SERIES

N
N

<$

LIST
PROCEDURES
< N

N
N
N
&

MEMORY
ARITHMETIC

Access
<N

x sdev

name

name

Outputs

xT x density

n flag number
symb1 name symb2

symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2 z1 { list1 } symb3

name
obj exec index x start x end x incr { list }

Inputs

SCONJ

Name

Description

Converts complex logarithmic and exponential

expressions to expressions with trigonometric terms.
Returns the hyperbolic sine of the argument.*

Replaces the contents of a variable with its inverse.*

Returns the number of characters in a string, elements in

a list, dimensions of an array, objects in a unit object or
algebraic object, or the dimensions of a graphics object.
Shift a binary integer one bit to the left.*

SINCOS

SINV

SIZE

SL

SINH

SIN

SIMP2

Returns the sign table of a rational function of one

variable.
Simplifies two objects by dividing them by their greatest
common divisor.
Returns the sine of the argument.*

Calculates the discrete antiderivative of a function with

respect to a specified variable.*
Calculates the discrete antiderivative of a function with
respect to the current variable.*
Returns the sign of a real number.*

SIGNTAB

SIGN

SIGMAVX

SIGMA

65
* = function

BASE BIT

CHARS

< P

<N

MEMORY
ARITHMETIC
<N

HYPERBOLIC

>

>

<!

N
REAL

Access

< P

N
N
symb1 { list1 }

z1 z2

symb1 symb2

symb1 z1 symb2

Outputs

#n 1 #n 2

string n

name

z sinh z

z sin z
symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2 symb3 symb4

Inputs

SL

66

Replaces the contents of a variable with its negative.

Returns the spectral norm of an array.

Finds zeros of an expression equated to 0, or solves an

equation.
Displays a menu of commands used in solving
equations.
Finds zeros of an expression with respect to the current
variable.
Sorts the elements in a list in ascending order.

SNEG

SNRM

SOLVE

Sets the coordinate mode to spherical.

Returns the square of the argument.*

Shifts a binary integer one bit to the right.

Returns the spectral radius of a square matrix.

SPHERE

SQ

SR

SRAD

SORT

SOLVEVX

SOLVER

Sets the plot type to SLOPEFIELD.

SLOPEFIELD

Description

Shifts a binary integer one byte to the left.

Name

SLB

BASE BIT

LIST

* = function

OPERATIONS

< %

< P

<R

N
< P

<&

<&

OPERATIONS

< %

MEMORY
ARITHMETIC
<N

BYTE

BASE

Access
< P

Inputs

z z2
#n1 #n2
[[ matrix ]]nn x spectra l radius

{ list }1 { list }2

symb1 { list1 }

symb1 z1 { list1 }

[ array ] x spectralnorm

name

#n 1 #n 2

Outputs

SLB

Defines the increment (step) value, and ends definite loop

structure.
Stores an object into the reserved variable EQ in the
current directory.
Specifies the period that SRECV (serial reception) and
XMIT (serial transmission) wait before timing out.*
Stores an object into a specified variable or object.

STEP

STOKEYS

STOF

STOALARM

STO

STIME

STEQ

STD

Stores an alarm in the system alarm list and returns its

alarm index number.
Sets the states of the system flags or the system and user
flags.
Assigns objects to specified keys on the user keyboard.

Begins START NEXT and START STEP definite

loop structures.
Sets the number display format to standard mode.

START

SREPL

Returns up to n characters from the serial input buffer, with

an error digit if an error occurred.
Finds and replaces a string in a text object.

SRECV

Description

Shifts a binary integer one byte to the right.

Name

SRB

N
N

67

TOOLS

BRANCH

BRANCH

* = function

ALRM

N
N

>

N
N

<N

<N

BYTE

BASE

Access
< P

n string 0/1

#n1 #n2

{ obj1, xkey 1, ... objn, xkey n }

#n system

obj name
x time n index

x seconds

obj

START x start x finish

string1 string2 string3 string4

Inputs

Outputs

STOKEYS

68

Converts any object to string form.

Evaluates the text of a string as if the text were entered

from the command line.
Repeatedly executes obj on the first two elements in a list
until the list is exhausted. Returns the final result.
Sets the current binary integer wordsize to n bits, where n
is a value from 1 through 64 (the default is 64).
Returns the specified portion of an object.

STR

STR

SUBST

SUB

STWS

STREAM

Substitutes a value or expression for a variable in an

expression.*

Stores obj in the reserved variable DAT.

STO

STO/

STO*

STO+

Description

Calculates the difference between an object and a

variable and stores the object in the variable.
Multiplies the contents of a specified variable by a number
or other object.
Calculates the quotient of a number and the contents of a
specified variable. Stores new value in the specified
variable.
Adds a number or other object to a variable.

Name

STO

BASE

LIST

* = function

>

<N

< P

LIST
PROCEDURES
<N

N
N
N

MEMORY
ARITHMETIC
<N

MEMORY
ARITHMETIC
<N

MEMORY
ARITHMETIC
<N

MEMORY
ARITHMETIC

Access
<N

{ list } obj result

obj
obj string
obj1 obj2

obj name

obj name

obj name

obj name

symb1 z1 symb2

string1 n start position n endposition string2

Inputs

Outputs

STO

SYLVESTER

TAIL

TAG

TABVAR

TABVAL

%T

SYSEVAL

Returns all but the first element of a list or string.

Returns the percent of the first argument that is

represented by the second argument.*
For an expression and a list of values, returns the results
of substituting the values for the default variable in the
expression.
For a rational function, computes the turning points and
where the function increases or decreases.
Combines objects to create a tagged object.
CHARS

* = function

<N

N
N
N

REAL

STACK

< P

<N

FACTORIZATION

< %

FACTORIZATION

< %

MODULO

Access
<!

N
Evaluates unnamed operating system objects specified by N
their memory addresses.

Swaps the position of the two objects.

For a symmetric matrix A, returns D and P where D is a

diagonal matrix and A = PTDP.

SWAP

SVL

Returns the singular value decomposition of an m n

matrix.
Returns the singular values of an m n matrix.

SVD

Description

Performs a subtraction, modulo the current modulus.*

Name

SUBTMOD

Outputs

x y 100y/x

#naddress

[[ matrix ]]A [[ matrix ]]D [[ matrix ]]P

obj1 obj2 obj2 obj1

[[ matrix ]] [ vector ]

obj1 obj2 obj3

[[ matrix ]]A [[ matrix ]] U [[ matrix ]] V [ vector ] S

obj tag :tag: obj

{ obj1 ... objn } { obj2 objn }

symb1 symb1 { list1 } grob1

symb1 { list1 } symb1 { list2 }

Inputs

TAIL

69

70

For the specified operation, performs the same function as

EVAL, and returns the time taken to perform the
evaluation.
Expands transcendental functions.

Displays the stack.

TEVAL

TEXPAND

TEXT

TDELTA

Linearizes products in a trigonometric expression by

collecting and combining sine and cosine terms.
Calculates a temperature change.*

TCOLLECT

Performs a fourth-order Taylor expansion of an expression

at x = 0.*
TAYLR
Calculates the nth order Taylor polynomial of symb in the
variable global.
TCHEBYCHEFF Returns the nth Tchebycheff polynomial.*

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of the argument.*

TANH

TAYLOR0

>

Replaces tan(x) terms with sin(x) and cos(x) terms.

TAN2SC2

OUT

LIMITS

LIMITS

* = function

<N

<

N
N

>

SERIES

< $

SERIES

<$

HYPERBOLIC

>

>

Replaces tan(x) terms with sin(x) and cos(x) terms.

TAN2SC

Access
u

Description

Returns the tangent of the argument.*

Name

TAN

&

&

symb1 symb2

z tanh z

z tan z
symb1 symb2
symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2

x y x delta
obj1 obj2 hms

symb1 symb2

n1 symb1

symb global n order symbTaylor

Inputs

Outputs

TAN

Calculates a temperature increment.*

Linearizes and simplifies a trigonometric expression.

For each pixel along the line in PICT defined by the

specified coordinates, TLINE turns off/on every pixel that
is on/off.
Displays a built-in menu, library menu, or user-defined
menu.
Computes the sum of each of the m columns of coordinate
values in DAT.
Returns the trace of a square matrix.

TIME

TINC

TLIN

TLINE

TRANSIO

TRAN

TRACE

TOT

Specifies a character translation option in data transfer.

Returns the transpose of a matrix.

Sets the system time.

TIME

TMENU

Returns the system time in HH.MMSSs format.

TICKS

Description

Starts the true-clause in a conditional or error-trapping

structure.
Returns the system time as a binary integer.

Name

THEN

PICT

TOOLS

TOOLS

TOOLS

71
* = function

OPERATIONS

< %

OPERATIONS

< %

N
N

<N

>

N
>

>

TICKS

>

BRANCH

Access
<N

Inputs

n option

[[ matrix ]] [[ matrix ]]transpose

[[ matrix ]]nn x trace

x sum

x menu

(x1,y1) (x2,y2)

time
time
x initial y delta x final
symb1 symb2

#n time

Outputs

TRANSIO

72

TVM

Lists all global variables in the current directory that

contain objects of a specified type.
Displays the TVM Solver menu.

TRUTH

TVARS

TRUNC

Simplifies exponential and logarithmic expressions.

Sets the plot type to TRUTH.

TRNC

Returns a string derived from the date and time.

Truncates an object to a set number of decimal places or

significant digits, or to fit the current display format.*
Truncates a series expansion.

TRN

TSTR

Returns the conjugate transpose of a matrix.

TRIGTAN

TSIMP

Simplifies a trigonometric expression into sine terms.

Replaces sin() and cos() terms with tan() terms.

TRIGSIN

Displays a menu of trigonometry commands.

TRIGO

Description

TRIGCOS

Name

Converts complex logarithmic and exponential terms into

their equivalent trigonometric terms.
Simplifies a trigonometric expression into cosine terms.

TRIG

REAL

TOOLS

* = function

MEMORY
DIRECTORY

<N

>

<*

N
N

< P

MAKE

< P

>

>

N
>

MATRIX

Access
>

Outputs

z1 n truncate z2

[[ matrix ]] [[ matrix ]]transpose

symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2

symb1 symb2
date time DOW DATE TIME
ntype { global }

symb1 symb2 symb3

Inputs

TRIG

Name
TVMBEG

Description

TYPE

Specifies that TVM calculations treat payments as being

made at the beginning of the compounding periods.
Specifies that TVM calculations treat payments as being
made at the end of the compounding periods.
Solves for the specified TVM variable using values from
the remaining TVM variables.
Returns the type number of an object.

UBASE

Converts a unit object to SI base units.*

TVMEND
TVMROOT

N
N
N

Access

<N

Inputs

Outputs

TVM variable x TVM variable

TEST

< ^

obj n type
x_unit y_base-units

UNITS TOOLS

UFACT

Factors the level 1 unit from the unit expression of the

level 2 unit object.

UFL1MINIF

Converts a UFL1 (universal font library) fontset to a HP

49G minifont.
Creates a unit object from a real number and a unit
expression.
Replaces the object at level n +2 with the object at level 2
and deletes the objects at levels 1 and 2.*
Changes the order of the first three objects on the stack.*

< ^

N
N

x1_unit1 x2_unit2 x3_unit2*unit3

UNITS TOOLS

UNIT
UNPICK

x y_unit x_unit

<N

STACK

<N

STACK

73
* = function

objn+2 obj4 obj3 obj2 n obj2 obj4 obj3

obj3 obj2 obj1 obj1 obj3 obj2

UNROT

UNROT

obj fontset nID

74

Name

Description

Converts three numbers into a vector.

V3

VANDERMONDE Builds a Vandermonde matrix from a list of objects.

Converts two numbers into a vector or complex number.

Starts the test clause in a DO UNTIL END indefinite

loop structure.
Makes the parent of the current directory the new current
directory.
Returns the probability that a chi-square random variable
is greater than x given n degrees of freedom.
Returns the probability that a Snedecors F random
variable is greater than x. n1 and n2 are the numerator and
denominator degrees of freedom of the F distribution.
Returns the probability that a normal random variable is
greater than x, where m and v are the mean and variance
of the normal distribution.
Returns the probability that a Students t random variable
is greater than x, where n is the degrees of freedom.
Returns the numerical part of a unit object.*

V2

UVAL

UTPT

UTPN

UTPF

UTPC

UPDIR

UNTIL

TOOLS

VECTOR

VECTOR

* = function

CREATE

<%

< P

< P

>

PROBABILITY

< P

PROBABILITY

< P

PROBABILITY

< P

PROBABILITY

< P

<J

BRANCH

Access
<N

Inputs

x1

{ list } [[ matrix ]]

x_unit x
x y [xy]
x2 x3 [ x1 x2 x3 ]

n x utpt(n,x)

m v x utpn(m,v,x)

n1 n2 x utpf(n1,n2,x)

n x utpc(n,x)

Outputs

UNTIL

WIREFRAME

WHILE

WAIT

VTYPE

Separates a vector or complex number into its component

elements.
Suspends program execution for a specified time, or until
a key is pressed.
Starts a WHILE REPEAT END indefinite loop
structure.
Sets the plot type to WIREFRAME.

Places the contents of a variable on the command line.

Opens the contents of a variable in the most suitable

editing environment for the particular type of object.
Returns the type number of the object in the variable.

VISITB

VER

VARS

VISIT

Description

VERSION

Name

Calculates the sample variance of the coordinate values in

each of the m columns in DAT.
Returns a list of the names of all variables in the VAR
menu for the current directory.
Returns the Computer Algebra System version number,
and date of release.
Displays the software version and copyright message.

VAR

BRANCH

IN

* = function

<N

<N

VECTOR

TYPE

< P

<N

N
N
N
N

MEMORY
DIRECTORY

Access

<N

Inputs

Outputs

[xy] x y

name n type

version number
copyright message
name
name

string1

{ global1 globaln }

x variance

WIREFRAME

75

76

Sends a string serially without using Kermit and then

indicates whether the transmission was successful.
Converts an object or a list of objects to approximate
numeric format.
Returns the logical exclusive OR of two arguments.*

Returns the exponent of the argument.*

Sends a file by XMODEM to another calculator.

Converts a number, or a list of numbers in decimal format,

to rational format.
Prepares the HP 49 to receive an object via XModem.*

XNUM

XPON

XPUT

XQ

XRECV

XOR

XGET

XCOL

X2

XMIT

Description

Returns four strings recording the date, time, and cause of

the four most recent warmstart events.
Sums the values in the independent-variable column of
the current statistical matrix (reserved variable DAT).
Sums the squares of the values in the independentvariable column of the current statistical matrix.
Specifies the independent-variable column of the current
statistics matrix (reserved variable DAT).
Retrieves a file by XMODEM from another calculator.

Name

WSLOG

REAL

* = function

N
N
< P

LOGIC

Access

>

N
N
N
N
N
N
N

Inputs

Outputs

name

z1 z2

#n 1 #n 2 #n 3
x nexpon
name

obj1 obj2

name
string 1

n col

x sum

x sum

log4 log1

WSLOG

Puts the calculator in XMODEM server mode.

Sets the width of the view volume in VPAR (for 3-D

plotting).
Specifies the x range of an input plane (domain) for
GRIDMAP and PARSURFACE plots.

XSERVE

XVOL

Sets the plot type to YSLICE.

YRNG

YSLICE

YCOL

Sums the squares of the values in the dependent-variable

columns of the current statistical matrix.
Specifies the dependent variable column of the current
statistics matrix (reserved variable DAT).
Specifies the y-axis display range.

Y2

XY

Sums the products of each of the corresponding values in

the independent- and dependent-variable columns of the
current statistical matrix.
Sums the values in the dependent variable column of the
current statistical matrix (reserved variable DAT).

Sends a copy of the named object via XModem.

XSEND

XXRNG

Computes the xth root of a real number.*

XROOT

Description

Specifies the x-axis display range.

Name

XRNG

77
* = function

STATS

N
N
N

> SUMMARY

STATS

> SUMMARY

STATS

> SUMMARY

N
N
N
N

Access

>

Inputs

y min y max

n col

x sum

x sum

x sum

x min x max

x left x right

xmin xmax
y x x
y
name

Outputs

YSLICE

78

Returns the difference of the arguments.*

Returns the factorial n! of a positive integer argument n, or

the gamma function (x+1) of a non-integer argument x.*
Returns the product of the arguments.*

Returns the quotient of the arguments: the first argument

is divided by the second argument.*
Returns the value of the level 2 object raised to the power
of the level 1 object.*

Returns the sum of the arguments.*

Returns x percent of y.*

ZVOL

ZFACTOR

ZEROS

Specifies the y range of an input plane (domain) for

GRIDMAP and PARSURFACE plots.
Returns the zeros of a function of one variable, without
multiplicity.
Calculates the gas compressibility correction factor for
non-ideal behavior of a hydrocarbon gas.*
Sets the height of the view volume in VPAR.

YYRNG

Description

Sets the depth of the view volume in VPAR.

Name

YVOL

* = function

PROBABILITY

< P

< P

N
N
REAL

Access

<&

Inputs

w z wz

z1 z2 z1 z2
z1 z2 z1 / z2

x y xy/100
z1 z2 z1 + z2
z1 z2 z1 z2
n n!

x low x high

xTr yPr x Zfactor

symb1 z1 z2

y near y far
y near y far

Outputs

YVOL

Description

Tests if two objects are equal.*

Tests if two objects are not equal.*

Returns the (positive) square root of the argument.*

Gives the derivative of an expression, number, or unit

object with respect to a specified variable of
differentiation.*
Creates local variables in a program.

==

Returns the symbolic constant or its numerical

representation, 3.14159265359.*
Calculates the value of a finite series.*

Tests whether one object is greater than or equal to

another object.*
Tests whether one object is less than or equal to another
object.*
Returns an equation formed from the two arguments.*

>

Tests whether one object is less than another object.*

Tests whether one object is greater than another object.*

<

Where command: substitutes values for names in an

expression.*

Name

Access

79
* = function

>

<

>

>

<W

N
>

<X

<Y

>

>

Inputs

indx xinit xfinal smnd xsum

obj1 objn

symb1 name symb2

z1 z2 z1 = z2
obj1 obj2 0/1
obj1 obj2 0/1
z
z

x y 0/1

x y 0/1
x y 0/1
x y 0/1

symbold { name1, symb1, name2, symb new

symb2 }

Outputs

80

Name

Description

Returns a vector of m real numbers (or one number x if

m = 1) corresponding to the coordinate values of the last
data point entered by + into the current statistics matrix.
Adds one or more data points to the current statistics
matrix (reserved variable DAT).
Integrates an integrand from lower limit to upper limit with
respect to a specified variable of integration.*

Access

* = function

>

N
N
x

lower limit upper limit integrand symb integral

name

Inputs

Outputs