MLA Citation Handout (7th Edition)

Based on the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers Seventh Edition. Ask for the above manual at the
Chabot Library Reference Desk. The call number is Ref LB 2369 .G53 2009. For the APA style, use the manual
at the Reserve Desk. The call number is Ref BF 76.7 P83.

PERIODICAL/BOOK DATABASE ACCESSED FROM THE INTERNET:

1. Author(s), if available, last name first for the first author (first and last for next two or et. al. if
more than three)
2. Title of article (or essay/chapter), in quotes.
3. Name of magazine, journal, newspaper, book - italicized.
4. Volume number if a journal. Editor(s), place of publication, and publisher if a book.
5. Date of publication.
6. Page(s) of article. If pages are not continuous, list the first page followed by the plus (+) sign.
If page numbers cannot be determined, cite n. pag. (for no pagination).
7. Name of electronic subscription database (in italics).
8. Medium of publication consulted (Web)
8. Date of access (day, month, year).

NOTE: If you cannot find some of this information, cite what is available.
NOTE: If searching multiple databases (as in EBSCOhost), be sure to look at the citation record for the
database name. EBSCOhost is NOT an acceptable database name. In ProQuest Diversity Databases, the
individual database is not identified in the record (Alt-PressWatch, Ethnic NewsWatch, or GenderWatch). We
at the Library recommend that you then list for database name as ProQuest Diversity Databases. But in all
other cases, list the actual database name. Listed below are some examples, but be sure to also look at
Periodicals, Print for more on the third page.

SUBSCRIPTION DATABASE ARTICLES & BOOK ESSAY EXAMPLES

Journal Harrison, Kirsten, and Amy Marske. “Nutritional Content of Foods Advertised During the
Television Programs Children Watch Most.” American Journal of Public Health 95
(2005): 1568-74. Academic Search Elite. Web. 5 Dec. 2010.
Magazine – Gilroy, Marilyn. “Pay Equity for Women: A Distant Dream?” Hispanic Outlook in Higher
weekly & Education 26 Feb. 2007: 13+. ProQuest Diversity Databases. Web. 10 May 2009.
biweekly
Newspaper – Krieger, Lisa M. “Community College Enrollment Growth Outpaces Resources, Shutting Out
with author Students.” San Jose Mercury News 21 Apr. 2009: n. pag. LexisNexis Academic. Web.
30 Oct. 2009.
Scholarly McFarland, Robert. “Sherman Alexie’s Polemical Stories.” Studies in American Indian
Article Literatures: The Journal of the Association for the Study of American Indian Literatures 9
Reprinted in (1997): 27-38. Rpt. In Short Story Criticism Vol. 107. Detroit: Gale, 2008. 4-10.
Collection Literature Resource Center. Web. 5 Aug. 2009.

Encyclopedia Demello, Margo. “Encyclopedia of Body Adornment: Freak Shows.” Encyclopedia of Body
Entry Adornment. Westport: Greenwood, 2007. N. pag. Pop Culture Universe. Web. 3 Feb. 2010.
CQ Weeks, Jennifer. “Factory Farms.” CQ Researcher 12 Jan. 2007: 25-48. CQ Researcher Online.
Researcher Web. 30 Oct. 2009.

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BOOKS, PRINT (EXAMPLES)
One author Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation. New York: Perennial, 2002. Print.

Two or three King, Gillian A., Elizabeth G. Brown, and Linda K. Smith. Resilience:
authors, Learning from People with Disabilities and the Turning Points in Their
Edition Lives. Westport: Praeger, 2003. Print.

More than Chase, Elaine, et al. Supporting Young Parents. London: Jessica Kingsley,
three authors 2009. Print.

Book without Information Please Almanac. 45th ed. Boston: Houghton, 1992. Print.
author, edition
Editor Kikumura-Yano, Akemi, ed. Encyclopedia of Japanese Descendants in the
Americas: An Illustrated History of the Nikkei. Walnut Creek, CA: Alta Mira,
2002. Print.

Scholarly Edition Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet. Ed. George L. Kittredge.
(of Author’s Work) New York: Ginn, 1939. Print.

Several Ciment, James, ed. Social Issues in America: An Encyclopedia. 8 vols.

Volumes Armonk, NY: Sharpe Reference, 2006. Print.

One volume Stout, Charles E. The Psychology of Terrorism. Vol. 1. Westport: Praeger, 2002.
of a set Print. 4 vols.

Two or more hooks, bell. Sisters of the Yam: Black Women and Self Recovery.
books by the Cambridge: South End, 2005. Print.
same person
---. We Real Cool: Black Men and Masculinity. New York: Routledge, 2004.
Print.

Essay or Lawrence, David. “Fleshy Ghosts and Ghostly Flesh: The Word and
article in the Body in Beloved.” Toni Morrison’s Fiction: Contemporary
collection Criticism. Ed. David Middleton. New York: Garland, 2000. 231-46.
Print.

Scholarly article Garrett, Jeffrey. “Missing Eco: On Reading The Name of the Rose as
reprinted in Library Criticism.” Library Quarterly 61 (1991): 373-88. Rpt. in
collection Contemporary Literary Criticism, Vol. 142. Ed. Jeffrey W.
Hunter. Detroit: Gale Group, 2001. 74-81. Print.

ENCYCLOPEDIA, PRINT (EXAMPLES)

Signed Preston, James J. “Goddess Worship: An Overview.” Encyclopedia of
Religion. 2nd ed. 2005 ed. Print.
Unsigned “Chavez, Cesar.” Encyclopedia Americana. 2001 ed. Print.

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AUDIO VISUAL MATERIALS
Audio Queen Latifah. All Hail the Queen. Tommy Boy, 1989. CD.

Hudson, Jennifer. “And I Am Telling You I’m Not Going.” Dreamgirls:

Music from the Motion Picture. Sony BMG, 2006. MP3 file.

Video Like Water for Chocolate [Como agua para chocolate]. Screenplay by
(for videos Laura Esquivel. Dir. Alfonso Arau. Perf. Lumi Cavazos, Marco
retrieved via the Lombardi, and Regina Torne. 1993. Touchstone Home Video, 1994.
Web such as Videocassette.
Youtube, go to
Web Site
The Wedding Banquet. Screenplay by Ang Lee. Dir. Ang Lee. Perf. Ah-
Le-Gua, Sihung Lung, May Chin, Winston Chao, and Mitchell
Citations).
Lichtenstein. 1993. MGM Home Entertainment, 2004. DVD.

BOOK REVIEWS, Print

Book review Freeman, Jay. Rev. of History as Mystery, by Michael Parenti.
in magazine or Booklist 1 Sep. 1999: 66. Print.
journal
Book review in Keymer, David. Rev. of A Time to Kill, by John Grisham. Library
article in multi- Journal 114 (1989): 80. Rpt. in Contemporarv Literary Criticism. Vol.
volume set 84. Ed. James P. Draper. Detroit: Gale, 1995. 190. Print.

PERIODICALS, Print
Journal Conrad, Kate, Travis Dixon, and Yuanyuan Zhang. “Controversial Rap
Themes, Gender, Portrayals and Skin Tone Distortion: A Content
Analysis of Rap Music Videos.” Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic
Media 53 (2009): 134-56. Print.

Magazine – Struckman, Robert. “Indian Education for All.” Colorlines Dec. 2008:
Monthly 46-51. Print.

Magazine – Hiatt, Brian. “Black Eyed Peas Hit Top with Electro Jam.” Rolling Stone 14
weekly & biweekly May 2009: 17. Print.

Magazine – “Cyberactivism 101.” Futurist July-Aug. 2001: 15. Print.

no author
Newspaper – Scott, Julia. “Local Farmers Lead Organic Revolution.” Daily Review
with author [Hayward] 16 June 2009: A1+. Print.

Newspaper – “Student’s Dreams Come True Even at Struggling Schools.” San Jose
no author Mercury News 12 June 2009: 12A. Print.

OTHER INFORMATION FORMATS:

Live performances Dr. Arnold A. Hutschnecker in Paradise. By Tony Kushner. Dir. Tony Taccone
.Berkeley Repertory Theater, Berkeley. 16 Oct. 2009. Performance.

Personal Interview Cota, Susan A. Personal interview. 31 Oct. 2004.

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WEB SITE CITATIONS (for articles from library databases, see previous page)

1. Name of the author, editor, compiler, director, or translator of the source (if available and relevant).
2. Title of the document. If a poem, short story, article or other short work, put in quotes. If title of a book,
italicize.
3. Title of the website, if distinct from number 2. (Note: If a library subscription database such as Ebsco
Host, please look at Periodical/Book Database Accessed from the Internet (page one).
4. Version or edition used.
5. Publisher or sponsor of the site; if not available use N.P.
6. Date of publication (day, month, and year, if available) or last update. If nothing is available use n.d.
7. Medium of the publication (Web).
8. Date when you accessed the source (day, month, and year).
9. Some instructors prefer that citations include URLs. If you are including the URL, MLA suggests that the
URL appear in angle brackets followed by a period after the date of access. You can break URLs only after
slashes.

If the item is an originally published book, journal article, or a video/DVD, you begin citing the source as if it
was the printed item, concluding the citation with Title of the database or website (such as Bartleby.com or
YouTube), the medium (Web,) and date when accessed.

NOTE: If you cannot find some of this information, cite what is available.

EXAMPLES OF WEB SITE CITATIONS:

Video WalMart: The High Cost of Low Price. Dir. Robert Greenwald. Brave New Films, 2005. Google
Retrieved Videos. Google. Web. 14 Aug. 2009.
Via the Web
Book Retrieved Aristotle. Poetics. Trans. S.H. Butcher. The Internet Classics Archive. Web Atomic and
Via the Web Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 13 Sept. 2007. Web. 4 Nov. 2008.
<http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle.html>.

Government News & Events: Bisophenal A (BPA). U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 15 Jan. 2010. Web.
Web Site 17 Jan. 2010 <http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/PublicHealthFocus/ucm064437.htm>.

Newspaper Baker, David R. “PG&E SmartMeters Likely to Boost Shut-Offs.” San Francisco Chronicle 26
Web Site Jan. 2010: D1. SFGate. Web. 26 Jan. 2010.

Journal Article Story, Mary, and Simone French. “Food Advertising and Marketing Directed at Children and
Retrieved via Adolescents in the U.S.” International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
the Web 1 (2004): n. pag. Web. 30 Apr. 2010.
<http://www.ijbnpa.org/content/pdf/1479-5868-1-3.pdf>.
Transcript of Sperling, Susan. Testimony of Susan Sperling on Behalf of Chabot Intervenors Pertaining to
Speech Public Health and Environmental Justice. California State Energy Resources Conservation
Retrieved and Development Commission Hearings. Hayward City Hall, Hayward, CA. Chabot
via the Web College. Chabot College, 17 Dec. 2007. Web. Transcript. 20 May 2010.
<http://www.chabotcollege.edu/Library/handouts/Sperling_testimony_powerplants.pdf>.

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CITING SOURCES PARENTHETICALLY IN YOUR PAPER

In addition to providing a works cited page at the end of the paper, you also cite your sources within the
paper itself, whenever you are referring to another source, whether you are directly quoting that source or
simply commenting on it. Most often, you insert a parenthesis at the end of a sentence or phrase where you
are referring to the source, and you usually refer to author and page number, as the citation of the complete
source will be listed on the Works Cited page.

Unless your paper also refers to another work by the author, you do not need to mention the title of the book
or the year as that information will be listed on the Works Cited page.

TYPE OF CITATION EXAMPLE

Author's name in text Frye develops this argument (67-69).

Author's name in reference This argument has been developed elsewhere (Frye 67-69).

Quotation found in indirect or The philosopher Alain states that "admiration is not pleasure but a kind of
"secondhand" source attention. . ." (qtd. in Magny 66).

Material found in indirect source Alain's words seem to dissociate admiration from pleasure (in Magny 66).

Two authors' names in reference To understand Toni Morrison’s novels fully, the reader should have great
knowledge of the culture and history of African Americans (Walker and Sherry
167).

Two works by same author on Frye connects Burgess' A Clockwork Orange to romance tradition (Secular
list of works cited Scripture 110).

Two locations in same source Ehrenreich covers this problem (22, 31).

Two sources cited This controversy has been addressed more than once (Schlosser 27; Cook 69).

Author's name in text Frye develops this argument (67-69).

Author's name in reference This argument has been developed elsewhere (Frye 67-69).

Quotation found in indirect or The philosopher Alain states that "admiration is not pleasure but a kind of
"secondhand" source attention. . ." (qtd. in Magny 66).

FOOTNOTES AND ENDNOTES

If your instructor asks you to use Footnotes or Endnotes for in-text citations, read Appendix B of the MLA
Handbook (there is a copy available behind the reference desk inside the library).

Parenthetical citation examples adapted from the University of Wisconsin-Madison Writing Center on Aug. 31, 2005
<http://www.wisc.edu/writing/Handbook/DocMLACitation_Format.html>

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WORKS CITED LIST EXAMPLE

A works cited page must be in ALPHABETICAL order by the first word of the citation. Ignore A, An, or The if
it's the first word of the citation and alphabetize by the second word .

The list of works cited appears at the end of your paper. Begin the list on a new page and number each page,
continuing the page numbers of the text. For example, if the text of your research paper ends on page 10,
the works-cited list begins on page 11. The page number appears in the upper right-hand corner, half an
inch from the top and flush with the right margin. Center the title, Works Cited, an inch from the top of the
page. Double-space between the title and the first entry. Begin each entry flush with the left margin; if an
entry runs more than one line, indent the subsequent line or lines one-half inch the left margin. Double-
space the entire list. Continue the list on as many pages as necessary.

Works Cited (Example)

Aristotle. Poetics. Trans. S. H. Butcher. The Internet Classics Archive. Web Atomic and Massachusetts Institute

of Technology, 13 Sept. 2007. Web. 4 Nov. 2008. <http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle.html>.

Beir, Ernst G. "Body Language." Encyclopedia Americana. 1998 ed. Print.

"Close Up and Personal: the Body Language of Love." Mademoiselle Sept. 1998: 222-25. Print.

Coates, Steve. "Et Tu, Cybernetica Machina User?" New York Times 8 Oct. 2000, late ed.: D4. LexisNexis

Academic. Web. 4 Dec. 2001.

Molcho, Sarny. Body Speech. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985. Print.

"Nonverbal Behavior." Encyclopedia of Psychology. Ed. Raymond J. Corsini. 2nd ed. Vol. 3. New York:

Chichester, 1994. Print.

Tully, R. Brent, et al. "Global Extinction in Spiral Galaxies." Astronomical Journal 115.6 (1998). Academic

Search Elite. Web. 27 June 1998.

A World of Gestures: Culture and Nonverbal Communication . Prod. Dane Archer. University of California

Extension Media Center, 1981. Videocassette.

Zimrnerrnan, Ellen. "Leading Indicators (Reading a Woman's Body Language).'' Health Dec. 1993: 34-70.

Print.

This handout can also be accessed at the following URL: http://www.chabotcollege.edu/Library/onlineref/cited.html.

VH, NB, JP , LT/Mar. 2000, Aug. 2001, Sep. 2002, Dec. 2003, Aug. 2005, Dec. 2009, Jan. 2010.

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