PREFACE
Brief Overview
Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) are microprocessors specically designed to handle Digital Signal
Processing tasks and are deployed in a variety of applications like hard-disk controllers, cellular phones,
speech-recognition systems, image processing, wireless communication systems, and so on. They are
replacing conventional microprocessors in several applications. DSPs from companies such as Analog
Devices, Motorola and Texas Instruments are deployed in all these applications.
This book presents details of DSPs from Texas Instruments (TI) in greater depth as compared to the
DSPs from other vendors. The TI processors are used in major universities, institutes and in the industry.
TI has been donating DSP kits and literature to universities periodically under the University Program
called UNITI. The individual institutions have supplemented this with their own funding and have set
up DSP labs.
Courses on Digital Signal Processing have undergone a gradual change during the last decade. The
focus is shifting gradually from the design of DSP systems and algorithms to efcient implementation
of the systems and algorithms. To facilitate this, the subject of DSP Architecture and Programming is
now included by many leading institutions in the main curriculum. However, students have to generally
rely on the data manuals of various companies for their study since formal textbooks are not readily
available. This book has fullled the students requirements and has been used extensively in universities
and leading institutions.
Aim of the Revision
The rst edition of this text was published eight years back in 2002. Since then, a lot of new DSPs have
evolved due to continuous research and development in this eld.
The objective of this revision is to include the recent developments in the eld of Digital Signal
Processors including TMSC6X Series and FPGA based system design methodology. We also aim to
bridge the gap in topical coverage in the current edition and improve the pedagogical features to meet
the students requirements.
New to this Edition
In the revised edition, the introductory chapter is expanded with more real-world applications. This
includes power spectrum estimation, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, algorithm for the
computation of 1D and 2D discrete wavelet transforms and JPEG2000.
Some of the digital signal processors such as 55X and 6X were treated in brief in the rst edition. Since
a large number of systems are implemented using these processors, a more detailed treatment of these
chapters are given in this edition.
xiv
Preface
The last chapter in the previous edition had a brief introduction on the FPGA based system. However,
FPGAs are now deployed in many high-speed applications such as network routers and front ends of
software-dened as well as cognitive radio. In view of these, more details of the FPGA based system
design including implementation of system on programmable chips are presented in this revised
edition.
In order to illustrate the use of FPGAs and PDSPs in Digital radio receiver, a separate chapter is devoted
for the presentation of the design details of the various blocks of a radio receiver with digital hardware
and the case study of a software-dened spread spectrum transmitter and receiver is presented. The
pedagogy is also refreshed with inclusion of new review questions, multiple choice questions and new
programs. The chapter on Motorola DSP563XX Processors is uploaded on the website.
To summarise, the changes made to this edition are the following:
New Chapters
v TMS320C6X Assembly Language Instructions (Chapter 14)
v Architecture and Application Programs of TMS320C55X (Chapter 16)
v FPGAs in Telecommunication Applications (Chapter 18)
New Topical Inclusion
v Convolution and real time ltering using FFT
v OFDM Using FFT
v Data Paths in TMS320C6X
Organization of the Book
Chapter 1 presents an overview of DSP principles, algorithms and applications. At the beginning of this
chapter, a simple treatment on DSP theory, algorithms and applications is presented for students having
no prior knowledge of DSPs. Introduction to DSP architecture and comparison of this with that of Ps,
DSPs and RISC processors is given in Chapter 2. Chapters 3, 4, 5 and 6 present the detailed architecture,
addressing modes, instruction sets, and pipelining and application programs on TMS320C5xDSP. The
corresponding details on TMS320C3X are presented in chapters 7, 8, and 9. Chapter 10 introduces
the TMS30C54X and presents a comparison of the features of 5X with that of 54X. The instruction set
and addressing modes of 54X are discussed in Chapter 11. Application programs on 54X and program
development using Code Composer Studio are presented in Chapter 12. Architecture, assemblylanguage instructions, application programs and peripherals of TMS320C6X are given in chapters 13,
14 and 15 respectively. Architecture of TMS320C55X is explained in Chapter 16. Chapter 17 gives a
list of some of the recent DSP application case studies and introduces an alternate DSP system design
approach using programmable logic devices and FPGAs. Examples of architectures of two leading
FPGA families and hardcore as well as softcore processors for these families are explained in this
chapter. Algorithms for efcient implementation of DSP systems in FPGA are also given here. Chapter
18 explains the different applications of FPGAs in telecommunication.
Web Supplements
The web supplements can be accessed at, http://www.mhhe.com/venkataramani/dsp2 and contain the
following material:
Preface
xv
Instructor Resources
v Solution manual
v PowerPoint lecture slides
Student Resources
v Interactive quiz
v Chapter on Overview of Motorola DSP563XXX Processors
Acknowledgements
We are thankful to Texas Instruments for providing the DSP kits on various processors. We thank our
alumni in TI who have been helping us to upgrade our DSP laboratory from time to time. A special note
of thanks goes to the UNITI coordinator and his team for extending his wholehearted encouragement
and necessary approval to use the data books of TI. Motorola was equally cooperative and allowed us
to include the material on their DSPs. Hence, we would like to express our gratitude to the Motorola
team. Xilinx and Altera also deserve a special mention for letting us use their material for the revised
edition.
We are indebted to our former principal, Dr M Arumugam, and former head of the department, Dr N
Kalyanasundaram, who extended all the necessary support and encouragement to offer the laboratory
course based on Digital Signal Processors not only to our undergraduate and postgraduate students but
also to the students from other colleges under the continuing education programme twice a year. The
rst edition of this book is borne out of the experience we gained by offering this course for ve years to
the regular students and to the students under the continuing education programme. The projects carried
out by them have been helpful in clearing many of the practical implementation issues. We would like
to express our gratitude to all our students who in the process of learning have also taught us. In this
regard, we would especially like to mention the names of Vaidyanathan, Amudha, Balaji, Arun, Praveen,
Karthikeyan, Jeyendran, Radhakrishnan who have contributed to this project in many ways.
Revision of this book has been made possible because of the experience gained by the implementation
and study of various systems on both programmable DSPs and FPGAs by undergraduate, graduate, PhD
students and project staff in addition to our experience through teaching. We would like to thank the
following students and staff who have been responsible for carrying out the above work: Dr V Amudha,
Dr G Seetharaman, Dr S Ramasamy, J Manikandan, S Mohanasundaram, A Geethanath, L Govinda Rao,
G Chaitanya, T Dhirendrakumar, H Reshmi, D S Prasada Reddy and S Ashish. We would like to thank
our Director Dr M Chidambaram for encouraging us to bring out the revised edition of this book.
A number of experts have provided invaluable suggestions and feedback for the revision of this book.
Our heartfelt gratitude goes out to all of them.
Finally, we thank the editorial and production staff of Tata McGraw-Hill for the initiative and interest
shown by them in bringing out this work in a short span of time.
B Venkataramani
M Bhaskar
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