UNIVERSIDAD DE MURCIA
REGIN DE MURCIA
UNIVERSIDAD POLITCNICA DE CARTAGENA
CONSEJERA DE EDUCACIN Y CULTURA
PRUEBAS DE ACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD PARA ALUMNOS DE
BACHILLERATO LOGSE (PLAN 2002)
Septiembre 2005
INGLS. CDIGO 54
The Global Spread of AIDS
Cases of HIV infection are not evenly (1) distributed around the world. In the industrialized world,
an estimated 1.95 million people are infected with HIV. Early prevention campaigns in the 80s slowed the
progression of the disease in the industrialized world, and the development. of antiretroviral drugs has
helped ease (2) the suffering of AIDS victims. But a recent reduction n prevention efforts has led to new
higher levels of annual infections.
In Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union an estimated 270,000 people are infected. Until a
few years ago, cases of HIV infection in that region were very limited. With the collapse (3) of social., and
economic structures, HIV is rapidly spreading through the use of drugs and prostitution. Since 1994,
infection rates (4) have tripled.
Of all regions, Sub-Saharan Africa has been hardest hit. This long-suffering region now has an
estimated 22.5 million people infected with HIV. The AIDS epidemic is entering its third. decade in subSaharan Africa, and while some countries in this region have had success in controlling the spread of the
disease, in many areas infection rates are out of control. AIDS has become the leading (5) killer in subSaharan Africa. In the most severely affected countries in Africa the AIDS epidemic has infected 10% of the
population, and the life expectancy of a child born between. 2000 and 2005 has fallen from 60 years to 43
years.
PREGUNTAS (NO RESPONDER EN ESTA HOJA)
READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. BE CAREFUL TO FOLLOW THE
INSTRUCTIONS FOR EACH QUESTION
1.
Link each of the words or expressions listed below with one word or expression in the column (as numbered in
the text) (1 mark). Please copy the correct pair of words on your answer sheet, e.g. even(ly) and
disintegration
percentage
even(ly) (1) and uniform
ease (2) and calm
co//apse(3) and disintegration
rate(4}and percentage
leading (5) and chief
calm
chief
uniform
2. Reading comprehension
2.1. Choose the best option (0.75 marks) Please copy the complete correct option on your answer sheet
- Prevention campaigns have succeeded n reducing the spread of HIV infection in the Western world.
- The increase of HIV infection in Eastern Europe may be connected to the new socio-economic reality of these
countries.
- Antiretroviral drugs have successfully been used n certain countries of sub-Saharan Africa to control the
spread of HIV infection.
- The AIDS epidemic has been present n sub-Saharan Africa for more than forty years now.
2.2. Choose the best option [0.75 marks]. Please copy the complete correct option on your answer sheet.
- In industrialized countries infections have been reduced recently.
- In industrialized countries prevention efforts and infections have been reduced recently.
- In industrialized countries prevention efforts have been reduced recently as well as infections
- In industrialized countries infections have increased recently.
3. Complete the sentences using information from the text [2 marks]. It is important that phrases from the text are
not reproduced literally, unless this is unavoidable.
a)
b)
c)
d)
The use of drugs ...
The main reason ...
Children from sub-Saharan Africa ...
HIV infection ...
4. Complete with one or more adequate words [1.5 marks]. Do not copy the complete text on your sheet, only the
letter - (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) - followed by the word or words that you find suitable for the gap. It is important
that phrases from the text are not reproduced literally.
Although the disease did not (a)spread..... Asia until the late 80s and early 90s, this (b)..................... now
has 20% of al! infections worldwide. There is increased worry that an explosion in the epidemic (c)...................... in
China and India. In India, there are already (d).................... 4 million people infected. This is the (e).....................
number of infected people in a single country. It is even (f) . In the most affected countries.
1. Which is the difference between industrialized countries and the rest ns regards the spread of AIDS? (2550 words) You are expected to use information from the text, but please use vour own words (2 marks)
2.
In your opinion, what should governments do to prevent the spread of AIDS? (25-50 words) Express
your own ideas by using your own words (2 marks)
