Codeware, Inc.

Sarasota, FL, USA

www.codeware.com

COMPRESS Pressure Vessel Design Calculations

Item:

Split Stream Dearator

Vessel No:

V-1234

Customer:

Magaladon Oil Venture

Contract:

C-45490-R56

Designer:

John Doe

Date:

April 1, 2001

You can edit this page by selecting Cover Page settings... in the report menu.

Table of Contents
General Arrangement Drawing..............................................................................................................................1/142
Deficiencies Summary............................................................................................................................................2/142
Nozzle Schedule......................................................................................................................................................3/142
Nozzle Summary.....................................................................................................................................................4/142
Pressure Summary.................................................................................................................................................5/142
Revision History......................................................................................................................................................6/142
Settings Summary...................................................................................................................................................7/142
Radiography Summary...........................................................................................................................................9/142
Thickness Summary.............................................................................................................................................10/142
Weight Summary...................................................................................................................................................11/142
Long Seam Summary...........................................................................................................................................12/142
Hydrostatic Test....................................................................................................................................................14/142
Vacuum Summary.................................................................................................................................................15/142
Liquid Level bounded by Welded Cover #1........................................................................................................16/142
F&D Head #1..........................................................................................................................................................17/142
Straight Flange on F&D Head #1..........................................................................................................................24/142
Cylinder #1.............................................................................................................................................................36/142
Cylinder #2.............................................................................................................................................................49/142
Cylinder #3.............................................................................................................................................................62/142
Cylinder #4.............................................................................................................................................................75/142
Nozzle #1 (N1)........................................................................................................................................................97/142
Support Skirt #1..................................................................................................................................................113/142
Skirt Base Ring #1...............................................................................................................................................119/142
Welded Cover #1.................................................................................................................................................131/142
Seismic Code.......................................................................................................................................................133/142
Wind Code...........................................................................................................................................................138/142

General Arrangement Drawing

1/142

Deficiencies Summary
Deficiencies for Welded Cover #1
UW-11(a): Full radiography required on longitudinal seam.
Warnings Summary
Warnings for Cylinder #1
Do/t > 1000 which is outside of ASME code range. U-2(g) analysis performed. (warning)
Warnings for Cylinder #2
Do/t > 1000 which is outside of ASME code range. U-2(g) analysis performed. (warning)
Warnings for Cylinder #3
Do/t > 1000 which is outside of ASME code range. U-2(g) analysis performed. (warning)
Warnings for Cylinder #4
Do/t > 1000 which is outside of ASME code range. U-2(g) analysis performed. (warning)
Warnings for Nozzle #1 (N1)
Do/t > 1000 which is outside of ASME code range. U-2(g) analysis performed. (warning)
The limits of reinforcement of Nozzle #1 (N1) fall off of Cylinder #4 on to Welded Cover #1. You may address this
issue by relocating the nozzle or specifying a user defined radial limit of reinforcement by clicking on the Calculation
Options button in the Detailed Nozzle Design dialog. (warning)
Warnings for Straight Flange on F&D Head #1
Do/t > 1000 which is outside of ASME code range. U-2(g) analysis performed. (warning)

ASME B16.5 / B16.47 Flange Warnings Summary

Applicable
Warnings

Flange

Nozzle #1 (N1)
No.

1
Warning

For Class 150 flanges, ASME B16.5 para. 5.4.3 recommends gaskets to be in accordance with Nonmandatory
Appendix B, Table B1, Group No. I.

2/142

Nozzle Schedule
Specifications
Nozzle
mark

Identifier

Size

N1

Nozzle #1

24 OD x 0,375

Materials

Impact
Tested

Normalized

Fine Grain

Nozzle

SA-240 316L

No

No

No

Pad

SA-240 316L

No

No

No

Flange

Blind

NPS 24 Class 150

WN A105

NPS 24
Class 150
A105

3/142

Nozzle Summary
Dimensions

Nozzle
mark

OD
(in)

tn
(in)

N1

24

0,375

Req tn
(in)

0,0625

Reinforcement
Pad

Shell
A1?

Yes

A2?

Yes

Nom t
(in)

Design t
(in)

0,105

0,0577

User t
(in)

Width
(in)

tpad
(in)

0,125

0,105

Corr
(in)

Aa/Ar
(%)

100,0

Definitions
tn

Nozzle thickness

Req tn

Nozzle thickness required per UG-45/UG-16

Nom t

Vessel wall thickness

Design t
User t

Required vessel wall thickness due to pressure + corrosion allowance per UG-37
Local vessel wall thickness (near opening)

Aa

Area available per UG-37, governing condition

Ar

Area required per UG-37, governing condition

Corr

Corrosion allowance on nozzle wall

4/142

Pressure Summary
Component Summary
P

Design
(psi)

Design
(F)

F&D Head #1

0,01

Straight Flange on F&D Head #1

MAWP
(psi)

MAP
(psi)

MAEP
(psi)

100

10,12

11,34

1,34

0,01

100

19,17

20,44

Cylinder #1

0,01

100

16,41

Cylinder #2

0,01

100

Cylinder #3

0,01

100

Cylinder #4

0,01

Welded Cover #1

0,01

Identifier

Nozzle #1 (N1)

0,01

MDMT
(F)

MDMT
Exemption

Impact
Tested

100

-320

Note 1

No

0,32

100

-320

Note 2

No

20,44

0,32

100

-320

Note 3

No

13,81

20,44

0,32

100

-320

Note 4

No

11,21

20,44

0,32

100

-320

Note 5

No

100

8,61

20,44

0,32

100

-320

Note 5

No

100

0,56

12,61

12,61

100

-320

Note 5

No

100

4,58

16,06

0,15

external
(F)

100

-55

Nozzle

Note 6

No

Pad

Note 5

No

Chamber Summary
Design MDMT

-20 F

Rated MDMT

-55 F @ 0,56
psi

MAWP hot & corroded

0,56 psi @ 100

F

MAP cold & new

11,34 psi @ 70
F

MAEP

0,15 psi @ 100

F

Notes for MDMT Rating

Note #

Exemption

1.

Impact test exempt per UHA-51(g) (coincident ratio = 0,3144)

2.

Impact test exempt per UHA-51(g) (coincident ratio = 0,0715)

3.

Impact test exempt per UHA-51(g) (coincident ratio = 0,1795)

4.

Impact test exempt per UHA-51(g) (coincident ratio = 0,2812)

5.

Rated MDMT per UHA-51(d)(1)(a), (carbon content does not exceed 0,10%) = -320F

6.

Flange rating governs:

Flange rated MDMT per UCS-66(b)(3) = -155F (Coincident ratio = 0,04)
Bolts rated MDMT per Fig UCS-66 note (c) = -55F

Details

5/142

Revision History
Revisions
No.

Date

9/22/2015

Operator

Notes

mnmeil New vessel created ASME Section VIII Division 1 [COMPRESS 2015 Build 7500]

6/142

Settings Summary
COMPRESS 2015 Build 7500
ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Units

U.S. Customary

Datum Line Location

0,00" from bottom seam

Vessel Design Mode

Get Thickness from Pressure

Minimum thickness

0,0625" per UG-16(b)

Design for cold shut down only

No

Design for lethal service (full radiography required)

No

Design nozzles for

Design P, find nozzle MAWP and

MAP

Corrosion weight loss

100% of theoretical loss

UG-23 Stress Increase

1,20

Skirt/legs stress increase

1,0

Minimum nozzle projection

6"

Juncture calculations for > 30 only

Yes

Preheat P-No 1 Materials > 1,25" and <= 1,50" thick

No

UG-37(a) shell tr calculation considers longitudinal stress

No

Cylindrical shells made from pipe are entered as minimum thickness

No

Nozzles made from pipe are entered as minimum thickness

No

Pipe caps are entered as minimum thickness

No

Butt welds

Tapered per Figure UCS-66.3(a)

Disallow Appendix 1-5, 1-8 calculations under 15 psi

No

Hydro/Pneumatic Test
Shop Hydrotest Pressure

1,3 times vessel MAWP

Test liquid specific gravity

1,50

Maximum stress during test

90% of yield
Required Marking - UG-116

UG-116(e) Radiography

RT4

UG-116(f) Postweld heat treatment

None
Code Cases\Interpretations

Use Code Case 2547

No

Use Code Case 2695

No

Apply interpretation VIII-1-83-66

Yes

Apply interpretation VIII-1-86-175

Yes

7/142

Apply interpretation VIII-1-01-37

Yes

Apply interpretation VIII-1-01-150

Yes

Apply interpretation VIII-1-07-50

Yes

No UCS-66.1 MDMT reduction

No

No UCS-68(c) MDMT reduction

No

Disallow UG-20(f) exemptions

No
UG-22 Loadings

UG-22(a) Internal or External Design Pressure

Yes

UG-22(b) Weight of the vessel and normal contents under operating or test
conditions

Yes

UG-22(c) Superimposed static reactions from weight of attached equipment

(external loads)

No

UG-22(d)(2) Vessel supports such as lugs, rings, skirts, saddles and legs

Yes

UG-22(f) Wind reactions

Yes

UG-22(f) Seismic reactions

Yes

UG-22(j) Test pressure and coincident static head acting during the test:

No

Note: UG-22(b),(c) and (f) loads only considered when supports are present.

8/142

Radiography Summary
UG-116 Radiography
Longitudinal Seam
Component

Top Circumferential Seam

Bottom Circumferential Seam

Mark

Radiography / Joint
Type

Category
(Fig
UW-3)

Radiography / Joint
Type

N/A

N/A

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None

Cylinder #3

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None

Cylinder #4

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None

Welded Cover #1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

N/A

N/A

None

Radiography / Joint
Type

Category
(Fig
UW-3)

None UW-11(c) / Type

1

Cylinder #1

Cylinder #2

Category
(Fig
UW-3)

F&D Head #1

Nozzle
Nozzle #1 (N1)

Longitudinal Seam
A

Nozzle Flange
ASME B16.5/16.47 flange attached to
Nozzle #1 (N1)

User Defined (E =
1,00)

Nozzle to Vessel Circumferential

Seam
D

Longitudinal Seam
N/A

Seamless No RT

N/A / Type 7
Flange Face

N/A

UG-116(e) Required Marking:

N/A / Gasketed

Nozzle free end Circumferential

Seam
C

Full UW-11(a) / Type 1

RT1

Nozzle to Flange Circumferential

Seam
C

Full UW-11(a) / Type 1

RT1

RT4

9/142

Thickness Summary
Component Data
Component
Identifier

Material

Diameter
(in)

Length
(in)

Nominal t
(in)

Design t
(in)

Total Corrosion
(in)

Joint
E

Load

F&D Head #1

SA-240 316L

120 ID

21,5149

0,105*

0,0335

0,70

Internal

Straight Flange on F&D Head #1

SA-240 316L

120 ID

0,105

0,0264

0,70

External

Cylinder #1

SA-240 316L

120 ID

51

0,105

0,0264

0,70

External

Cylinder #2

SA-240 316L

120 ID

48

0,105

0,0341

0,70

Internal

Cylinder #3

SA-240 316L

120 ID

48

0,105

0,0475

0,70

Internal

Cylinder #4

SA-240 316L

120 ID

48

0,105

0,0608

0,70

Internal

Welded Cover #1

SA-240 316L

120 ID

5,75

1,625*

1,5891

0,70

Internal

Support Skirt #1

SA-240 304L

120,21 ID

40

0,25

0,0668

0,55

Seismic

*Head minimum thickness after forming

Definitions
Nominal t

Vessel wall nominal thickness

Design t

Required vessel thickness due to governing loading + corrosion

Joint E

Longitudinal seam joint efficiency

Load

Internal

Circumferential stress due to internal pressure governs

External

External pressure governs

Wind

Combined longitudinal stress of pressure + weight + wind

governs

Seismic

Combined longitudinal stress of pressure + weight + seismic

governs

10/142

Weight Summary
Weight (lb) Contributed by Vessel Elements
Metal
New*

Component
F&D Head #1

Operating Liquid

Piping
Insulation
Metal
Lining
Insulation
+ Liquid
Supports
Corroded

New

Corroded

Test Liquid
New

Corroded

Surface Area
ft2

441,8

441,8

9 435

9 435

9 435

9 435

104

586

586

31 231

31 231

31 231

31 231

134

Cylinder #1
Cylinder #2

551,5

551,5

29 393,9

29 393,9

29 393,9

29 393,9

126

Cylinder #3

551,5

551,5

29 393,9

29 393,9

29 393,9

29 393,9

126
123

537,7

537,7

29 401,1

29 401,1

29 401,1

29 401,1

Welded Cover #1

Cylinder #4

5 093,2

5 093,2

2 452,6

2 452,6

2 452,6

2 452,6

94

Support Skirt #1

1 083,7

1 083,7

211

Skirt Base Ring #1

TOTAL:

348

348

9 193,4

9 193,4

131 307,5 131 307,5 131 307,6 131 307,6

37
954

*Shells with attached nozzles have weight reduced by material cut out for opening.

Weight (lb) Contributed by Attachments

Component

Nozzles &
Flanges

Body Flanges
New Corroded

Packed Ladders &

Beds
Platforms

Trays

Tray
Supports

Rings & Vertical Surface Area

Clips
Loads
ft2

New

Corroded

F&D Head #1

Cylinder #1

Cylinder #2

Cylinder #3

Cylinder #4

753,4

753,4

14

Welded Cover #1

Support Skirt #1

TOTAL:

753,4

753,4

14

Vessel Totals

Operating Weight (lb)

Empty Weight (lb)
Test Weight (lb)
Surface Area (ft 2)
Capacity** (US gal)

New

Corroded

141 254

141 254

9 947

9 947

141 254

141 254

969

10 498

10 498

**The vessel capacity does not include

volume of nozzle, piping or other
attachments.

Vessel Lift Condition

Vessel Lift Weight, New (lb)
Center of Gravity from Datum (in)

9 947
26,9749

11/142

Long Seam Summary

Shell Long Seam Angles
Component

Seam 1

Seam 2

Cylinder #1

228,9828

Cylinder #2

30

258,9828

Cylinder #3

228,9828

Cylinder #4

30

258,9828

Support Skirt #1

228,3079

Shell Plate Lengths

Component

Starting
Plate 1
Angle

Plate 2

Cylinder #1

240"

137,321"

Cylinder #2

30

240"

137,321"

Cylinder #3

240"

137,321"

Cylinder #4

30

240"

137,321"

Support Skirt #1

240"

138,4362"

Notes

1) Plate Lengths use the circumference of the vessel based on the mid diameter of the components.
2) North is located at 0

12/142

Shell Rollout

13/142

Hydrostatic Test
Horizontal shop hydrostatic test based on MAWP per UG-99(b)

Gauge pressure at 70F

=
1,3*MAWP*LSR
= 1,3*0,56*1
= 0,73 psi

Horizontal shop hydrostatic test

Identifier

Local test Test liquid UG-99(b) UG-99(b)

pressure static head
stress
pressure
(psi)
(psi)
ratio
factor

F&D Head #1 (1)

7,574

6,845

1,30

Straight Flange on F&D Head #1

7,574

6,845

1,30

Cylinder #1

7,574

6,845

1,30

Cylinder #2

7,574

6,845

1,30

Cylinder #3

7,574

6,845

1,30

Cylinder #4

7,574

6,845

1,30

Welded Cover #1

7,574

6,845

1,30

Nozzle #1 (N1)

1,071

0,342

1,30

(1) F&D Head #1 limits the UG-99(b) stress ratio.

(2) The zero degree angular position is assumed to be up, and the test
liquid height is assumed to the top-most flange.
The field test condition has not been investigated.

14/142

Vacuum Summary
Largest Unsupported Length Le
Elevation
Component

Line of Support

above Datum
(in)

Length Le
(in)

F&D Head #1

218,5149

N/A

1/3 depth of F&D Head #1

204,1366

N/A

Straight Flange on F&D Head #1 Top

197

208,2616

Straight Flange on F&D Head #1 Bottom

195

208,2616

Cylinder #1 Top

195

208,2616

Cylinder #1 Bottom

144

208,2616

Cylinder #2 Top

144

208,2616

Cylinder #2 Bottom

96

208,2616

Cylinder #3 Top

96

208,2616

Cylinder #3 Bottom

48

208,2616

Cylinder #4 Top

48

208,2616

Cylinder #4 Bottom

208,2616

Welded Cover #1

-4,125

N/A

Welded Cover #1

-5,75

N/A

15/142

Liquid Level bounded by Welded Cover #1

ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Location from Datum (in)
Operating Liquid Specific Gravity

218,4099
1,5

16/142

F&D Head #1
ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Component

F&D Head

Material

SA-240 316L (II-D p. 74, ln. 9)

Attached To

Cylinder #1

Impact
Tested

Normalized

Fine Grain
Practice

PWHT

Optimize MDMT/
Find MAWP

No

No

No

No

No

Design
Design
Pressure (psi) Temperature (F)
Internal

0,01

100

External

0,01

100

Design
MDMT (F)
-20

Static Liquid Head

Condition

Ps (psi)

Hs (in)

SG

Operating

1,16

21,4099

1,5

Test horizontal

6,85

126,4175

1,5

Dimensions
Inner Diameter

120"

Crown Radius L

120"

Knuckle Radius r

9"

Minimum Thickness

0,105"

Corrosion

Inner

0"

Outer

0"

Length Lsf

2"

Nominal Thickness tsf

0,105"
Weight and Capacity
Weight (lb)1

Capacity (US gal)1

New

441,77

754,34

Corroded

441,77

754,34

Radiography
Category A joints

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Head to shell seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

includes straight flange

17/142

Results Summary
Governing condition

UG-16

Minimum thickness per UG-16

0,0625" + 0" = 0,0625"

Design thickness due to internal pressure (t)

0,0335"

Design thickness due to external pressure (te)

0,0091"

Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP)

10,12 psi

Maximum allowable pressure (MAP)

11,34 psi

Maximum allowable external pressure (MAEP)

1,34 psi

Rated MDMT

-320F

UHA-51 Material Toughness Requirements

Stress ratio = tr*E* / (tn - c) = 0,0413*0,8 / (0,105 - 0) =

0,3144

Impact test exempt per UHA-51(g) (coincident ratio = 0,3144)

Rated MDMT =

-320F

Material is exempt from impact testing at the Design MDMT of -20F.

Factor M
M = 1/4*[3 + (L / r)1/2]
Corroded M = 1/4*[3 + (120 / 9)1/2]

1,6629

M = 1/4*[3 + (120 / 9)1/2]

1,6629

New

Design thickness for internal pressure, (Corroded at 100 F) Appendix 1-4(d)

t

=
=
=

P*L*M / (2*S*E - 0,2*P) + Corrosion

1,17*120*1,6629 / (2*16 700*0,7 - 0,2*1,17) + 0
0,01"

Design thickness for internal pressure, (Corroded at 100 F) Appendix 1-4(f)(1)

0,0005 (tmin head - Corrosion) / L = 0,105 / 120 = 0,0009 < 0,002
r/D=

0,075 0,08

C1

=
=
=

9,31*r / D - 0,086
9,31*0,075 - 0,086
0,6123

Se

=
=
=

C1*ET*(t / r)
0,6123*28,12E+06*(0,0335 / 9)
64 045 psi

C2

1,25

(L*t)0,5 / r

18/142

=
=

(120*0,0335)0,5 / 9
0,222729 radians

=
=
=

0,5*D - r
0,5*120 -9
51"

=
=
=

L-r
120 - 9
111"

=
=
=

arc cos(a / b)
arc cos(51 / 111)
1,09341 radians

= 0,2227 < = 1,0934

c

=
=
=

a / (cos( - ))
51 / (cos(1,0934 - 0,2227))
79,154971"

Re

=
=
=

c+r
79,155 + 9
88,154971"

Pe

=
=
=

Se*t / (C2*Re*[(0,5*Re / r) - 1])

64 045*0,0335 / (1,25*88,155*[(0,5*88,155 / 9) - 1])
4,99 psi

Py

=
=
=

Sy*t / (C2*Re*[(0,5*Re / r) - 1])

25 000*0,0335 / (1,25*88,155*[(0,5*88,155 / 9) - 1])
1,95 psi

1 Pe / Py = 4,99 / 1,95 = 2,56 8,29

Pck =
=
=

0,408*Py + 0,192*Pe
0,408*1,95 + 0,192*4,99
1,75 psi

Pck / 1,5 = 1,17 psi Internal design pressure P = 1,17 psi

t

=
=
=

tr + Corrosion
0,033485 + 0
0,033485"

Design thickness is acceptable per Appendix 1-4(f) for a design pressure of 0,01 psi.
The head internal pressure design thickness is 0,0335".

Maximum allowable working pressure, (Corroded at 100 F) Appendix 1-4(d)

P

=
=
=

2*S*E*t / (L*M + 0,2*t) - Ps

2*16 700*0,7*0,105 / (120*1,6629 + 0,2*0,105) - 1,16
11,14 psi

19/142

Maximum allowable working pressure, (Corroded at 100 F) Appendix 1-4(f)(1)

0,0005 (tmin head - Corrosion) / L = 0,105 / 120 = 0,0009 < 0,002
r/D=

0,075 0,08

C1

=
=
=

9,31*r / D - 0,086
9,31*0,075 - 0,086
0,6123

Se

=
=
=

C1*ET*(t / r)
0,6123*28,12E+06*(0,105 / 9)
200 826 psi

C2

1,25

=
=
=

(L*t)0,5 / r
(120*0,105)0,5 / 9
0,394405 radians

=
=
=

0,5*D - r
0,5*120 -9
51"

=
=
=

L-r
120 - 9
111"

=
=
=

arc cos(a / b)
arc cos(51 / 111)
1,09341 radians

= 0,3944 < = 1,0934

c

=
=
=

a / (cos( - ))
51 / (cos(1,0934 - 0,3944))
66,62459"

Re

=
=
=

c+r
66,6246 + 9
75,62459"

Pe

=
=
=

Se*t / (C2*Re*[(0,5*Re / r) - 1])

200 826*0,105 / (1,25*75,6246*[(0,5*75,6246 / 9) - 1])
69,68 psi

Py

=
=
=

Sy*t / (C2*Re*[(0,5*Re / r) - 1])

25 000*0,105 / (1,25*75,6246*[(0,5*75,6246 / 9) - 1])
8,67 psi

1 Pe / Py = 69,68 / 8,67 = 8,03 8,29

Pck =
=
=

0,408*Py + 0,192*Pe
0,408*8,67 + 0,192*69,68
16,92 psi

20/142

Pck / 1,5 = 11,28 psi

P

=
=
=

Pck / 1,5 - Ps
16,92 / 1,5 - 1,16
10,12 psi

The maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) is 10,12 psi.

Maximum allowable pressure, (New at 70 F) Appendix 1-4(d)

P

=
=
=

2*S*E*t / (L*M + 0,2*t) - Ps

2*16 700*0,7*0,105 / (120*1,6629 + 0,2*0,105) - 0
12,3 psi

Maximum allowable pressure, (New at 70 F) Appendix 1-4(f)(1)

0,0005 (tmin head - Corrosion) / L = 0,105 / 120 = 0,0009 < 0,002
r/D=

0,075 0,08

C1

=
=
=

9,31*r / D - 0,086
9,31*0,075 - 0,086
0,6123

Se

=
=
=

C1*ET*(t / r)
0,6123*28,3E+06*(0,105 / 9)
202 145 psi

C2

1,25

=
=
=

(L*t)0,5 / r
(120*0,105)0,5 / 9
0,394405 radians

=
=
=

0,5*D - r
0,5*120 -9
51"

=
=
=

L-r
120 - 9
111"

=
=
=

arc cos(a / b)
arc cos(51 / 111)
1,09341 radians

= 0,3944 < = 1,0934

c

=
=
=

a / (cos( - ))
51 / (cos(1,0934 - 0,3944))
66,62459"

Re

=
=
=

c+r
66,6246 + 9
75,62459"

21/142

Pe

=
=
=

Se*t / (C2*Re*[(0,5*Re / r) - 1])

202 145*0,105 / (1,25*75,6246*[(0,5*75,6246 / 9) - 1])
70,14 psi

Py

=
=
=

Sy*t / (C2*Re*[(0,5*Re / r) - 1])

25 000*0,105 / (1,25*75,6246*[(0,5*75,6246 / 9) - 1])
8,67 psi

1 Pe / Py = 70,14 / 8,67 = 8,09 8,29

Pck =
=
=

0,408*Py + 0,192*Pe
0,408*8,67 + 0,192*70,14
17,01 psi

Pck / 1,5 = 11,34 psi

P

=
=
=

Pck / 1,5 - Ps
17,01 / 1,5 - 0
11,34 psi

The maximum allowable pressure (MAP) is 11,34 psi.

Design thickness for external pressure, (Corroded at 100 F) UG-33(e)
Equivalent outside spherical radius (Ro)
=
Outside crown radius
=
120,105 in
A

=
=
=

0,125 / (Ro / t)
0,125 / (120,105 / 0,009076)
0,000009

Pa

=
=
=

0,0625*E / (Ro / t)2

0,0625*2,8E+07 / (120,105 / 0,0091)2
0,01 psi

t
=
0,0091" + Corrosion = 0,0091" + 0" = 0,0091"
Check the external pressure per UG-33(a)(1) Appendix 1-4(d)
t

=
=
=

1,67*Pe*L*M / (2*S*E - 0,2*1,67*Pe) + Corrosion

1,67*0,01*120*1,6629 / (2*16 700*1 - 0,2*1,67*0,01) + 0
0,0001"

The head external pressure design thickness (te) is 0,0091".

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, (Corroded at 100 F) UG-33(e)
Equivalent outside spherical radius (Ro)
=
Outside crown radius
=
120,105 in
A

=
=

0,125 / (Ro / t)
0,125 / (120,105 / 0,105)

22/142

0,000109

From Table
HA-4:
Pa

=
=
=

B =

1 529,2145
psi

B / (Ro / t)
1 529,2145 / (120,105 / 0,105)
1,3369 psi

Check the Maximum External Pressure, UG-33(a)(1) Appendix 1-4(d)

P

=
=
=

2*S*E*t / ((L*M + 0,2*t)*1,67)

2*16 700*1*0,105 / ((120*1,6629 + 0,2*0,105)*1,67)
10,52 psi

The maximum allowable external pressure (MAEP) is 1,34 psi.

% Forming strain - UHA-44(a)(2)
EFE =
=
=

(75*t / Rf)*(1 - Rf / Ro)

(75*0,105 / 9,0525)*(1 - 9,0525 / infinity)
0,8699%

23/142

Straight Flange on F&D Head #1

ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Component

Cylinder

Material

SA-240 316L (II-D p. 74, ln. 9)

Impact
Tested

Normalized

Fine Grain
Practice

PWHT

Optimize MDMT/
Find MAWP

No

No

No

No

No

Design
Design
Pressure (psi) Temperature (F)
Internal

0,01

100

External

0,01

100

Design
MDMT (F)
-20

Static Liquid Head

Condition

Ps (psi)

Hs (in)

SG

Operating

1,27

23,4099

1,5

Test horizontal

6,85

126,4175

1,5

Dimensions
Inner Diameter

120"

Length

2"

Nominal Thickness

0,105"

Corrosion

Inner

0"

Outer

0"
Weight and Capacity
Weight (lb)

Capacity (US gal)

New

22,98

97,92

Corroded

22,98

97,92

Radiography
Longitudinal seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Bottom Circumferential
seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

24/142

Results Summary
Governing condition

UG-16

Minimum thickness per UG-16

0,0625" + 0" = 0,0625"

Design thickness due to internal pressure (t)

0,0066"

Design thickness due to external pressure (te)

0,0264"

Design thickness due to combined loadings + corrosion

0,0006"

Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP)

19,17 psi

Maximum allowable pressure (MAP)

20,44 psi

Maximum allowable external pressure (MAEP)

0,32 psi

Rated MDMT

-320 F
UHA-51 Material Toughness Requirements

tr = 1,83*60 / (16 700*0,7 - 0.6*1,83) =

0,0094"

Stress ratio = tr*E* / (tn - c) = 0,0094*0,8 / (0,105 - 0) =

0,0715

Impact test exempt per UHA-51(g) (coincident ratio = 0,0715)

Rated MDMT =

-320F

Material is exempt from impact testing at the Design MDMT of -20F.

Design thickness, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)
t

= P*R / (S*E - 0,60*P) + Corrosion

= 1,28*60 / (16 700*0,70 - 0,60*1,28) + 0
= 0,0066"

Maximum allowable working pressure, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t) - Ps
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105) - 1,27
= 19,17 psi

Maximum allowable pressure, (at 70 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t)
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105)
= 20,44 psi

External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)

L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,0264
Experimental basin formula

= 1,7325
= 4547,1948

Pa = [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,0264 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,0264 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,01 psi

25/142

Design thickness for external pressure Pa = 0,01 psi

ta
= t + Corrosion = 0,0264 + 0 = 0,0264"
Maximum Allowable External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)
L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,105
Experimental basin formula
Pa

= 1,7325
= 1144,8571

= [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,105 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,105 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,32 psi

% Forming strain - UHA-44(a)(2)

EFE =
=
=

(50*t / Rf)*(1 - Rf / Ro)

(50*0,105 / 60,0525)*(1 - 60,0525 / infinity)
0,0874%

26/142

Thickness Required Due to Pressure + External Loads

Condition

Operating, Hot & Corroded

Pressure P (
psi)

0,01

Allowable
Stress Before
UG-23 Stress
Increase ( psi)
St

Sc

16 700

3 056

Temperature (
F)

Corrosion C
(in)

100

Load

Req'd Thk Due to

Tension (in)

Req'd Thk Due

to
Compression
(in)

Wind

0,0001

0,0003

0,0004

0,0001

0,0003

Seismic
Operating, Hot & New

0,01

16 700

3 056

100

Wind
Seismic

Hot Shut Down, Corroded

16 700

3 056

100

Wind
Seismic

Hot Shut Down, New

16 700

3 056

100

Wind

Empty, New

Vacuum

-0,01

Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight &

Eccentric Moments Only

16 700

16 700

16 700

16 700

3 056

3 056

3 056

3 056

70

70

100

100

0,0004
0,0004

0,0005

0,0002

0,0004

0,0005

Wind

0,0002

0,0004

Seismic

0,0002

0,0003

Seismic
Empty, Corroded

0
0,0002

Wind

0,0002

0,0004

Seismic

0,0002

0,0003

Wind

0,0002

0,0004

Seismic

0,0001

0,0006

Weight

0,0004

0,0004

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and Corroded- ScHC, (table HA-4)

A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScHC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and New- ScHN

ScHN
= ScHC
= 3 056 psi
Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and New- ScCN, (table HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScCN

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and Corroded- ScCC

ScCC
= ScCN
= 3 056 psi

27/142

Allowable Compressive Stress, Vacuum and Corroded- ScVC, (table

HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScVC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)
= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 1 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0"

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 0,60*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0,0001 + 0 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0001"

(total, net compressive)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0003) - (0,0001)
= 0,0003"

(total required, compressive)

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0 + (0,0001)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 + (0,0001)))
= 49,15 psi
Operating, Hot & New, Wind, Bottom Seam
tp = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)
= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 1 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0"

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 0,60*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"

28/142

tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0,0001 + 0 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0001"

(total, net compressive)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0003) - (0,0001)
= 0,0003"

(total required, compressive)

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0 + (0,0001)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 + (0,0001)))
= 49,15 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 1 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 0,60*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0002"

(total, net compressive)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0003) - (0)
= 0,0004"

(total required, compressive)

Hot Shut Down, New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 1 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 0,60*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0002"

(total, net compressive)

29/142

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0003) - (0)
= 0,0004"

(total required, compressive)

Empty, Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 1 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 0,60*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0002"

(total, net compressive)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0003) - (0)
= 0,0004"

(total required, compressive)

Empty, New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 1 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 0,60*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0002"

(total, net compressive)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0003) - (0)
= 0,0004"

(total required, compressive)

30/142

Vacuum, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)
(Pressure)
= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 1 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0"

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 0,60*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |-0,0001 + 0 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0002"

(total, net compressive)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0003) - (-0,0001)
= 0,0004"

(total required, compressive)

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0 - 0,0003) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 - 0,0003))
= 12,8 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight & Eccentric Moments Only, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 0 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0,0004"
tt = |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0004)|
= 0,0004"

(total, net compressive)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0004) - (0)
= 0,0004"

(total required, compressive)

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

(Pressure)

31/142

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 7 426 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0"

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*441,8 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0 - (0)
= 0"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 7 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0002 + (0,0003) - (0,0001)
= 0,0004"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0 + (0)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 + (0)))
= 49,13 psi
Operating, Hot & New, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 7 426 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*441,8 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0 - (0)
= 0"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)

(bending)

32/142

= 7 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)

= 0,0002"
twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1,03*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0002 + (0,0003) - (0,0001)
= 0,0004"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0 + (0)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 + (0)))
= 49,13 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 7 426 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*441,8 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0 - (0)
= 0"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 7 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0002 + (0,0003) - (0)
= 0,0005"

Hot Shut Down, New, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 7 426 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*441,8 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0"
tt

= tp + tm - tw

(total required, tensile)

33/142

= 0 + 0 - (0)
= 0"
tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 7 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0002 + (0,0003) - (0)
= 0,0005"

Empty, Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 803 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 0,57*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0002"

(total, net compressive)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 1,03*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"
tc = tmc + twc - tpc
= 0 + (0,0003) - (0)
= 0,0003"

(total required, compressive)

Empty, New, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 803 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 0,57*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0002"

(total, net compressive)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 1,03*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

34/142

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0003) - (0)
= 0,0003"

(total required, compressive)

Vacuum, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)
(Pressure)
= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 7 426 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 0,57*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |-0,0001 + 0,0002 - (0,0002)|
= 0,0001"

(total, net compressive)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 1,03*441,8 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"
tc = tmc + twc - tpc
= 0,0002 + (0,0003) - (-0,0001)
= 0,0006"

(total required, compressive)

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0,0002 - 0,0003) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0002 - 0,0003))
= 12,78 psi

35/142

Cylinder #1
ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Component

Cylinder

Material

SA-240 316L (II-D p. 74, ln. 9)

Impact
Tested

Normalized

Fine Grain
Practice

PWHT

Optimize MDMT/
Find MAWP

No

No

No

No

No

Design
Design
Pressure (psi) Temperature (F)
Internal

0,01

100

External

0,01

100

Design
MDMT (F)
-20

Static Liquid Head

Condition

Ps (psi)

Hs (in)

SG

Operating

4,03

74,4099

1,5

Test horizontal

6,85

126,4175

1,5

Dimensions
Inner Diameter

120"

Length

51"

Nominal Thickness

0,105"

Corrosion

Inner

0"

Outer

0"
Weight and Capacity
Weight (lb)

Capacity (US gal)

New

585,96

2 496,95

Corroded

585,96

2 496,95

Radiography
Longitudinal seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Top Circumferential
seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Bottom Circumferential
seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

36/142

Results Summary
Governing condition

UG-16

Minimum thickness per UG-16

0,0625" + 0" = 0,0625"

Design thickness due to internal pressure (t)

0,0208"

Design thickness due to external pressure (te)

0,0264"

Design thickness due to combined loadings + corrosion

0,0036"

Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP)

16,41 psi

Maximum allowable pressure (MAP)

20,44 psi

Maximum allowable external pressure (MAEP)

0,32 psi

Rated MDMT

-320 F
UHA-51 Material Toughness Requirements

tr = 4,59*60 / (16 700*0,7 - 0.6*4,59) =

0,0236"

Stress ratio = tr*E* / (tn - c) = 0,0236*0,8 / (0,105 - 0) =

0,1795

Impact test exempt per UHA-51(g) (coincident ratio = 0,1795)

Rated MDMT =

-320F

Material is exempt from impact testing at the Design MDMT of -20F.

Design thickness, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)
t

= P*R / (S*E - 0,60*P) + Corrosion

= 4,04*60 / (16 700*0,70 - 0,60*4,04) + 0
= 0,0208"

Maximum allowable working pressure, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t) - Ps
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105) - 4,03
= 16,41 psi

Maximum allowable pressure, (at 70 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t)
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105)
= 20,44 psi

External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)

L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,0264
Experimental basin formula

= 1,7325
= 4547,1948

Pa = [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,0264 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,0264 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,01 psi

37/142

Design thickness for external pressure Pa = 0,01 psi

ta
= t + Corrosion = 0,0264 + 0 = 0,0264"
Maximum Allowable External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)
L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,105
Experimental basin formula
Pa

= 1,7325
= 1144,8571

= [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,105 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,105 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,32 psi

% Forming strain - UHA-44(a)(2)

EFE =
=
=

(50*t / Rf)*(1 - Rf / Ro)

(50*0,105 / 60,0525)*(1 - 60,0525 / infinity)
0,0874%

External Pressure + Weight + Wind Loading Check (Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
Pv = W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)
= 1 027,7 / (2**60,0525) + 19 291 / (*60,05252)
= 4,4264 lb/in
= Pv / (Pe*Do)
= 4,4264 / (0,01*120,21)
= 3,6823
n = 7
m = 1,23 / (L / Do)2
= 1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
= 0,4098
Ratio Pe = (n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
= (72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*3,6823) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)
= 1,0312
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1,0312 * 0,01 = 0,01) 0,32
Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.

External Pressure + Weight + Seismic Loading Check (Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
Pv =
=
=
=
=
=
n =
m =
=
=
Ratio Pe =
=

(1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)

1,03*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525) + 112 852 / (*60,05252)
12,7639 lb/in
Pv / (Pe*Do)
12,7639 / (0,01*120,21)
10,618
7
1,23 / (L / Do)2
1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
0,4098
(n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
(72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*10,618) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)

38/142

= 1,0899
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1,0899 * 0,01 = 0,01) 0,32
Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.

Thickness Required Due to Pressure + External Loads

Condition

Operating, Hot & Corroded

Pressure P (
psi)

0,01

Allowable
Stress Before
UG-23 Stress
Increase ( psi)
St

Sc

16 700

3 056

Temperature (
F)

Corrosion C
(in)

100

Load

Wind
Seismic

Operating, Hot & New

0,01

16 700

3 056

100

Wind
Seismic

Hot Shut Down, Corroded

16 700

3 056

100

Wind
Seismic

Hot Shut Down, New

16 700

3 056

100

Wind
Seismic

Empty, Corroded

16 700

3 056

70

Wind
Seismic

Empty, New

Vacuum

-0,01

Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight &

Eccentric Moments Only

16 700

16 700

16 700

3 056

3 056

3 056

70

100

100

Wind

Req'd Thk Due to

Tension (in)

Req'd Thk Due

to
Compression
(in)

0,0011

0,0006

0,0034

0,0011

0,0006

0,0034

0,0012

0,0006

0,0035

0,0012

0,0006

0,0035

0,0012

0,0003

0,0009

0,0012

Seismic

0,0003

0,0009

Wind

0,0001

0,0013

Seismic

0,0006

0,0036

Weight

0,0009

0,0009

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and Corroded- ScHC, (table HA-4)

A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScHC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and New- ScHN

ScHN
= ScHC
= 3 056 psi
Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and New- ScCN, (table HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScCN

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

39/142

Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and Corroded- ScCC

ScCC
= ScCN
= 3 056 psi
Allowable Compressive Stress, Vacuum and Corroded- ScVC, (table
HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScVC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0001 - (0,0001)
= 0"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0005"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0007"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0005 + (0,0007) - (0,0001)
= 0,0011"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0001 + (0,0001)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0001 + (0,0001)))
= 49,13 psi

40/142

Operating, Hot & New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0001 - (0,0001)
= 0"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0005"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0007"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0005 + (0,0007) - (0,0001)
= 0,0011"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0001 + (0,0001)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0001 + (0,0001)))
= 49,13 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0001 - (0,0001)
= 0"

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)

(total required, tensile)

(bending)

41/142

= 0,0005"
twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0007"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0005 + (0,0007) - (0)
= 0,0012"

Hot Shut Down, New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0001 - (0,0001)
= 0"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0005"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0007"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0005 + (0,0007) - (0)
= 0,0012"

Empty, Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0001 - (0,0001)
= 0"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0005"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)

42/142

= 1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)

= 0,0007"
tc

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0005 + (0,0007) - (0)
= 0,0012"

(total required, compressive)

Empty, New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0001 - (0,0001)
= 0"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0005"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0007"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0005 + (0,0007) - (0)
= 0,0012"

Vacuum, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)
= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"

(Pressure)

tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 19 291 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0005"

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0004"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |-0,0001 + 0,0005 - (0,0004)|
= 0,0001"

(total, net compressive)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0007"

(Weight)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

(total required, compressive)

43/142

= 0,0005 + (0,0007) - (-0,0001)

= 0,0013"
Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress
P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0,0005 - 0,0007) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0005 - 0,0007))
= 12,7 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight & Eccentric Moments Only, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 0 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0,0009"
tt = |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0009)|
= 0,0009"

(total, net compressive)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0009) - (0)
= 0,0009"

(total required, compressive)

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 112 852 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0001)
= 0,0006"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 112 852 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0027"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)

(Weight)

44/142

= 0,0008"
tc

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0027 + (0,0008) - (0,0001)
= 0,0034"

(total required, compressive)

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0007 + (0,0001)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0007 + (0,0001)))
= 48,85 psi
Operating, Hot & New, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 112 852 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0001)
= 0,0006"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 112 852 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0027"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0008"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0027 + (0,0008) - (0,0001)
= 0,0034"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0007 + (0,0001)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0007 + (0,0001)))
= 48,85 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)

(Pressure)
(bending)

45/142

= 112 852 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)

= 0,0007"
tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,57*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0001)
= 0,0006"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 112 852 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0027"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0008"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0027 + (0,0008) - (0)
= 0,0035"

Hot Shut Down, New, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 112 852 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0001)
= 0,0006"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 112 852 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0027"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0008"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0027 + (0,0008) - (0)
= 0,0035"

Empty, Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 6 239 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"

(Pressure)
(bending)

46/142

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0004"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0,0002 - (0,0004)|
= 0,0003"

(total, net compressive)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 1,03*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0008"
tc = tmc + twc - tpc
= 0,0002 + (0,0008) - (0)
= 0,0009"

(total required, compressive)

Empty, New, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 6 239 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0002"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0004"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0,0002 - (0,0004)|
= 0,0003"

(total, net compressive)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 1,03*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0008"
tc = tmc + twc - tpc
= 0,0002 + (0,0008) - (0)
= 0,0009"

(total required, compressive)

Vacuum, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 112 852 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0001"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0001)
= 0,0006"

(total required, tensile)

47/142

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 112 852 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0027"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 027,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0008"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0027 + (0,0008) - (-0,0001)
= 0,0036"

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0,0027 - 0,0008) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0027 - 0,0008))
= 12,42 psi

48/142

Cylinder #2
ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Component

Cylinder

Material

SA-240 316L (II-D p. 74, ln. 9)

Impact
Tested

Normalized

Fine Grain
Practice

PWHT

Optimize MDMT/
Find MAWP

No

No

No

No

No

Design
Design
Pressure (psi) Temperature (F)
Internal

0,01

100

External

0,01

100

Design
MDMT (F)
-20

Static Liquid Head

Condition

Ps (psi)

Hs (in)

SG

Operating

6,63

122,4099

1,5

Test horizontal

6,85

126,4175

1,5

Dimensions
Inner Diameter

120"

Length

48"

Nominal Thickness

0,105"

Corrosion

Inner

0"

Outer

0"
Weight and Capacity
Weight (lb)

Capacity (US gal)

New

551,49

2 350,07

Corroded

551,49

2 350,07

Radiography
Longitudinal seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Top Circumferential
seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Bottom Circumferential
seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

49/142

Results Summary
Governing condition

UG-16

Minimum thickness per UG-16

0,0625" + 0" = 0,0625"

Design thickness due to internal pressure (t)

0,0341"

Design thickness due to external pressure (te)

0,0264"

Design thickness due to combined loadings + corrosion

0,0087"

Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP)

13,81 psi

Maximum allowable pressure (MAP)

20,44 psi

Maximum allowable external pressure (MAEP)

0,32 psi

Rated MDMT

-320 F
UHA-51 Material Toughness Requirements

tr = 7,19*60 / (16 700*0,7 - 0.6*7,19) =

0,0369"

Stress ratio = tr*E* / (tn - c) = 0,0369*0,8 / (0,105 - 0) =

0,2812

Impact test exempt per UHA-51(g) (coincident ratio = 0,2812)

Rated MDMT =

-320F

Material is exempt from impact testing at the Design MDMT of -20F.

Design thickness, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)
t

= P*R / (S*E - 0,60*P) + Corrosion

= 6,64*60 / (16 700*0,70 - 0,60*6,64) + 0
= 0,0341"

Maximum allowable working pressure, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t) - Ps
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105) - 6,63
= 13,81 psi

Maximum allowable pressure, (at 70 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t)
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105)
= 20,44 psi

External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)

L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,0264
Experimental basin formula

= 1,7325
= 4547,1948

Pa = [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,0264 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,0264 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,01 psi

50/142

Design thickness for external pressure Pa = 0,01 psi

ta
= t + Corrosion = 0,0264 + 0 = 0,0264"
Maximum Allowable External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)
L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,105
Experimental basin formula
Pa

= 1,7325
= 1144,8571

= [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,105 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,105 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,32 psi

% Forming strain - UHA-44(a)(2)

EFE =
=
=

(50*t / Rf)*(1 - Rf / Ro)

(50*0,105 / 60,0525)*(1 - 60,0525 / infinity)
0,0874%

External Pressure + Weight + Wind Loading Check (Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
Pv = W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)
= 1 579,2 / (2**60,0525) + 55 145 / (*60,05252)
= 9,0527 lb/in
= Pv / (Pe*Do)
= 9,0527 / (0,01*120,21)
= 7,5308
n = 7
m = 1,23 / (L / Do)2
= 1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
= 0,4098
Ratio Pe = (n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
= (72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*7,5308) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)
= 1,0637
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1,0637 * 0,01 = 0,01) 0,32
Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.

External Pressure + Weight + Seismic Loading Check (Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
Pv =
=
=
=
=
=
n =
m =
=
=
Ratio Pe =
=

(1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)

1,03*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525) + 308 476 / (*60,05252)
31,5349 lb/in
Pv / (Pe*Do)
31,5349 / (0,01*120,21)
26,2331
7
1,23 / (L / Do)2
1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
0,4098
(n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
(72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*26,2331) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)

51/142

= 1,2221
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1,2221 * 0,01 = 0,01) 0,32
Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.

Thickness Required Due to Pressure + External Loads

Condition

Operating, Hot & Corroded

Operating, Hot & New

Hot Shut Down, Corroded

Hot Shut Down, New

Pressure P (
psi)

0,01

0,01

Empty, Corroded

Empty, New

Vacuum

-0,01

Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight &

Eccentric Moments Only

Allowable
Stress Before
UG-23 Stress
Increase ( psi)
St

Sc

16 700

3 056

16 700

16 700

16 700

16 700

16 700

16 700

16 700

3 056

3 056

3 056

3 056

3 056

3 056

3 056

Temperature (
F)

Corrosion C
(in)

100

100

100

100

70

70

100

100

Load

Req'd Thk Due to

Tension (in)

Req'd Thk Due

to
Compression
(in)

Wind

0,0002

0,0024

Seismic

0,0018

0,0085

Wind

0,0002

0,0024

Seismic

0,0018

0,0085

Wind

0,0002

0,0025

Seismic

0,0018

0,0086

Wind

0,0002

0,0025

Seismic

0,0018

0,0086

Wind

0,0002

0,0025

Seismic

0,0003

0,0015

Wind

0,0002

0,0025

Seismic

0,0003

0,0015

Wind

0,0001

0,0026

Seismic

0,0017

0,0087

Weight

0,0014

0,0014

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and Corroded- ScHC, (table HA-4)

A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScHC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and New- ScHN

ScHN
= ScHC
= 3 056 psi
Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and New- ScCN, (table HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScCN

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

52/142

Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and Corroded- ScCC

ScCC
= ScCN
= 3 056 psi
Allowable Compressive Stress, Vacuum and Corroded- ScVC, (table
HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScVC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0003"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0003 - (0,0002)
= 0,0002"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0013"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0011"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0013 + (0,0011) - (0,0001)
= 0,0024"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0003 + (0,0002)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0003 + (0,0002)))
= 49,05 psi

53/142

Operating, Hot & New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0003"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0003 - (0,0002)
= 0,0002"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0013"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0011"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0013 + (0,0011) - (0,0001)
= 0,0024"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0003 + (0,0002)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0003 + (0,0002)))
= 49,05 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0003"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0003 - (0,0002)
= 0,0002"

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)

(total required, tensile)

(bending)

54/142

= 0,0013"
twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0011"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0013 + (0,0011) - (0)
= 0,0025"

Hot Shut Down, New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0003"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0003 - (0,0002)
= 0,0002"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0013"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0011"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0013 + (0,0011) - (0)
= 0,0025"

Empty, Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0003"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0003 - (0,0002)
= 0,0002"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0013"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)

55/142

= 1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)

= 0,0011"
tc

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0013 + (0,0011) - (0)
= 0,0025"

(total required, compressive)

Empty, New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0003"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0003 - (0,0002)
= 0,0002"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0013"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0011"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0013 + (0,0011) - (0)
= 0,0025"

Vacuum, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 55 145 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0003"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0003 - (0,0002)
= 0,0001"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)

(bending)

56/142

= 55 145 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)

= 0,0013"
twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0011"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0013 + (0,0011) - (-0,0001)
= 0,0026"

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0,0013 - 0,0011) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0013 - 0,0011))
= 12,54 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight & Eccentric Moments Only, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 0 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0,0014"
tt = |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0014)|
= 0,0014"

(total, net compressive)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0014) - (0)
= 0,0014"

(total required, compressive)

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 308 476 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0019"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0019 - (0,0002)
= 0,0018"

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)

(total required, tensile)

(Pressure)

57/142

= 0,0001"
tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 308 476 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0074"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0012"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0074 + (0,0012) - (0,0001)
= 0,0085"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0019 + (0,0002)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0019 + (0,0002)))
= 48,3 psi
Operating, Hot & New, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 308 476 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0019"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0019 - (0,0002)
= 0,0018"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 308 476 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0074"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0012"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0074 + (0,0012) - (0,0001)
= 0,0085"

58/142

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0019 + (0,0002)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0019 + (0,0002)))
= 48,3 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 308 476 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0019"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0019 - (0,0002)
= 0,0018"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 308 476 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0074"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0012"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0074 + (0,0012) - (0)
= 0,0086"

Hot Shut Down, New, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 308 476 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0019"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0019 - (0,0002)
= 0,0018"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 308 476 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0074"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0012"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

59/142

= 0,0074 + (0,0012) - (0)

= 0,0086"
Empty, Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 14 465 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0007"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0,0003 - (0,0007)|
= 0,0003"

(total, net compressive)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 1,03*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0012"
tc = tmc + twc - tpc
= 0,0003 + (0,0012) - (0)
= 0,0015"

(total required, compressive)

Empty, New, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 14 465 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0003"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 0,57*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0007"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0,0003 - (0,0007)|
= 0,0003"

(total, net compressive)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 1,03*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0012"
tc = tmc + twc - tpc
= 0,0003 + (0,0012) - (0)
= 0,0015"

(total required, compressive)

Vacuum, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)

(Pressure)

(bending)

60/142

= 308 476 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)

= 0,0019"
tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,57*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0019 - (0,0002)
= 0,0017"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 308 476 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0074"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*1 579,2 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0012"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0074 + (0,0012) - (-0,0001)
= 0,0087"

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0,0074 - 0,0012) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0074 - 0,0012))
= 11,79 psi

61/142

Cylinder #3
ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Component

Cylinder

Material

SA-240 316L (II-D p. 74, ln. 9)

Impact
Tested

Normalized

Fine Grain
Practice

PWHT

Optimize MDMT/
Find MAWP

No

No

No

No

No

Design
Design
Pressure (psi) Temperature (F)
Internal

0,01

100

External

0,01

100

Design
MDMT (F)
-20

Static Liquid Head

Condition

Ps (psi)

Hs (in)

SG

Operating

9,23

170,4099

1,5

Test horizontal

6,85

126,4175

1,5

Dimensions
Inner Diameter

120"

Length

48"

Nominal Thickness

0,105"

Corrosion

Inner

0"

Outer

0"
Weight and Capacity
Weight (lb)

Capacity (US gal)

New

551,49

2 350,07

Corroded

551,49

2 350,07

Radiography
Longitudinal seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Top Circumferential
seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Bottom Circumferential
seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

62/142

Results Summary
Governing condition

UG-16

Minimum thickness per UG-16

0,0625" + 0" = 0,0625"

Design thickness due to internal pressure (t)

0,0475"

Design thickness due to external pressure (te)

0,0264"

Design thickness due to combined loadings + corrosion

0,0154"

Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP)

11,21 psi

Maximum allowable pressure (MAP)

20,44 psi

Maximum allowable external pressure (MAEP)

0,32 psi

Rated MDMT

-320 F
UHA-51 Material Toughness Requirements

Rated MDMT per UHA-51(d)(1)(a), (carbon content does not exceed 0,10%) = -320F
Material is exempt from impact testing at the Design MDMT of -20F.
Design thickness, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)
t

= P*R / (S*E - 0,60*P) + Corrosion

= 9,24*60 / (16 700*0,70 - 0,60*9,24) + 0
= 0,0475"

Maximum allowable working pressure, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t) - Ps
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105) - 9,23
= 11,21 psi

Maximum allowable pressure, (at 70 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t)
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105)
= 20,44 psi

External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)

L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,0264
Experimental basin formula

= 1,7325
= 4547,1948

Pa = [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,0264 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,0264 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,01 psi
Design thickness for external pressure Pa = 0,01 psi
ta

= t + Corrosion

= 0,0264 + 0 = 0,0264"

63/142

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)

L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,105
Experimental basin formula
Pa

= 1,7325
= 1144,8571

= [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,105 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,105 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,32 psi

% Forming strain - UHA-44(a)(2)

EFE =
=
=

(50*t / Rf)*(1 - Rf / Ro)

(50*0,105 / 60,0525)*(1 - 60,0525 / infinity)
0,0874%

External Pressure + Weight + Wind Loading Check (Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
Pv = W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)
= 2 130,7 / (2**60,0525) + 109 464 / (*60,05252)
= 15,3088 lb/in
= Pv / (Pe*Do)
= 15,3088 / (0,01*120,21)
= 12,735
n = 7
m = 1,23 / (L / Do)2
= 1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
= 0,4098
Ratio Pe = (n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
= (72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*12,735) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)
= 1,1078
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1,1078 * 0,01 = 0,01) 0,32
Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.

External Pressure + Weight + Seismic Loading Check (Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
Pv = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)
= 1,03*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525) + 572 686 / (*60,05252)
= 56,3595 lb/in
= Pv / (Pe*Do)
= 56,3595 / (0,01*120,21)
= 46,8842
n = 7
m = 1,23 / (L / Do)2
= 1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
= 0,4098
Ratio Pe = (n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
= (72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*46,8842) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)
= 1,3969
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1,3969 * 0,01 = 0,01) 0,32

64/142

Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.

Thickness Required Due to Pressure + External Loads

Condition

Operating, Hot & Corroded

Operating, Hot & New

Hot Shut Down, Corroded

Hot Shut Down, New

Pressure P (
psi)

0,01

0,01

Empty, Corroded

Empty, New

Vacuum

-0,01

Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight &

Eccentric Moments Only

Allowable
Stress Before
UG-23 Stress
Increase ( psi)
St

Sc

16 700

3 056

16 700

16 700

16 700

16 700

16 700

16 700

16 700

3 056

3 056

3 056

3 056

3 056

3 056

3 056

Temperature (
F)

Corrosion C
(in)

100

100

100

100

70

70

100

100

Load

Req'd Thk Due to

Tension (in)

Req'd Thk Due

to
Compression
(in)

Wind

0,0005

0,0041

Seismic

0,0034

0,0153

Wind

0,0005

0,0041

Seismic

0,0034

0,0153

Wind

0,0004

0,0042

Seismic

0,0034

0,0154

Wind

0,0004

0,0042

Seismic

0,0034

0,0154

Wind

0,0004

0,0042

Seismic

0,0003

0,0022

Wind

0,0004

0,0042

Seismic

0,0003

0,0022

Wind

0,0004

0,0043

Seismic

0,0034

0,0154

Weight

0,0018

0,0018

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and Corroded- ScHC, (table HA-4)

A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScHC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and New- ScHN

ScHN
= ScHC
= 3 056 psi
Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and New- ScCN, (table HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScCN

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

65/142

Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and Corroded- ScCC

ScCC
= ScCN
= 3 056 psi
Allowable Compressive Stress, Vacuum and Corroded- ScVC, (table
HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScVC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0002)
= 0,0005"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0026"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0015"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0026 + (0,0015) - (0,0001)
= 0,0041"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0007 + (0,0002)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0007 + (0,0002)))
= 48,92 psi

66/142

Operating, Hot & New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0002)
= 0,0005"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0026"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0015"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0026 + (0,0015) - (0,0001)
= 0,0041"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0007 + (0,0002)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0007 + (0,0002)))
= 48,92 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0002)
= 0,0004"

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)

(total required, tensile)

(bending)

67/142

= 0,0026"
twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0015"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0026 + (0,0015) - (0)
= 0,0042"

Hot Shut Down, New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0002)
= 0,0004"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0026"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0015"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0026 + (0,0015) - (0)
= 0,0042"

Empty, Corroded, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0002)
= 0,0004"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0026"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)

68/142

= 2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)

= 0,0015"
tc

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0026 + (0,0015) - (0)
= 0,0042"

(total required, compressive)

Empty, New, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0002)
= 0,0004"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0026"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0015"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0026 + (0,0015) - (0)
= 0,0042"

Vacuum, Wind, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 109 464 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0007"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0007 - (0,0002)
= 0,0004"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)

(bending)

69/142

= 109 464 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)

= 0,0026"
twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0015"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0026 + (0,0015) - (-0,0001)
= 0,0043"

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0,0026 - 0,0015) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0026 - 0,0015))
= 12,33 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight & Eccentric Moments Only, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 0 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0,0018"
tt = |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0 - (0,0018)|
= 0,0018"

(total, net compressive)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0 + (0,0018) - (0)
= 0,0018"

(total required, compressive)

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 572 686 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0036"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0036 - (0,0002)
= 0,0034"

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)

(total required, tensile)

(Pressure)

70/142

= 0,0001"
tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 572 686 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0138"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0016"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0138 + (0,0016) - (0,0001)
= 0,0153"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0036 + (0,0002)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0036 + (0,0002)))
= 47,55 psi
Operating, Hot & New, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 572 686 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0036"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0036 - (0,0002)
= 0,0034"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 572 686 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0138"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0016"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0138 + (0,0016) - (0,0001)
= 0,0153"

71/142

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*0,70*(0,105 - 0,0036 + (0,0002)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0036 + (0,0002)))
= 47,55 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 572 686 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0036"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0036 - (0,0002)
= 0,0034"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 572 686 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0138"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0016"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0138 + (0,0016) - (0)
= 0,0154"

Hot Shut Down, New, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 572 686 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0036"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0036 - (0,0002)
= 0,0034"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 572 686 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0138"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0016"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

72/142

= 0,0138 + (0,0016) - (0)

= 0,0154"
Empty, Corroded, Seismic, Bottom Seam
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 24 904 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0006"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 0,57*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0009"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0,0006 - (0,0009)|
= 0,0003"

(total, net compressive)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 1,03*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0016"
tc = tmc + twc - tpc
= 0,0006 + (0,0016) - (0)
= 0,0022"

(total required, compressive)

Empty, New, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 24 904 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0006"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 0,57*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0009"
tt

= |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0,0006 - (0,0009)|
= 0,0003"

(total, net compressive)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)
= 1,03*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0016"
tc = tmc + twc - tpc
= 0,0006 + (0,0016) - (0)
= 0,0022"

(total required, compressive)

Vacuum, Seismic, Bottom Seam

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*0,70 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)

(Pressure)

(bending)

73/142

= 572 686 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*0,70)

= 0,0036"
tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,57*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*0,70)
= 0,0002"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0036 - (0,0002)
= 0,0034"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 572 686 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0138"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*2 130,7 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0016"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0138 + (0,0016) - (-0,0001)
= 0,0154"

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0,0138 - 0,0016) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0138 - 0,0016))
= 10,96 psi

74/142

Cylinder #4
ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Component

Cylinder

Material

SA-240 316L (II-D p. 74, ln. 9)

Impact
Tested

Normalized

Fine Grain
Practice

PWHT

Optimize MDMT/
Find MAWP

No

No

No

No

No

Design
Design
Pressure (psi) Temperature (F)
Internal

0,01

100

External

0,01

100

Design
MDMT (F)
-20

Static Liquid Head

Condition

Ps (psi)

Hs (in)

SG

Operating

11,83

218,4099

1,5

Test horizontal

6,85

126,4175

1,5

Dimensions
Inner Diameter

120"

Length

48"

Nominal Thickness

0,105"

Corrosion

Inner

0"

Outer

0"
Weight and Capacity
Weight (lb)

Capacity (US gal)

New

537,72

2 350,07

Corroded

537,72

2 350,07

Radiography
Longitudinal seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Top Circumferential
seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Bottom Circumferential
seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

75/142

Results Summary
Governing condition

UG-16

Minimum thickness per UG-16

0,0625" + 0" = 0,0625"

Design thickness due to internal pressure (t)

0,0608"

Design thickness due to external pressure (te)

0,0264"

Design thickness due to combined loadings + corrosion

0,0249"

Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP)

8,61 psi

Maximum allowable pressure (MAP)

20,44 psi

Maximum allowable external pressure (MAEP)

0,32 psi

Rated MDMT

-320 F
UHA-51 Material Toughness Requirements

Rated MDMT per UHA-51(d)(1)(a), (carbon content does not exceed 0,10%) = -320F
Material is exempt from impact testing at the Design MDMT of -20F.
Design thickness, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)
t

= P*R / (S*E - 0,60*P) + Corrosion

= 11,84*60 / (16 700*0,70 - 0,60*11,84) + 0
= 0,0608"

Maximum allowable working pressure, (at 100 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t) - Ps
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105) - 11,83
= 8,61 psi

Maximum allowable pressure, (at 70 F) UG-27(c)(1)

P

= S*E*t / (R + 0,60*t)
= 16 700*0,70*0,105 / (60 + 0,60*0,105)
= 20,44 psi

External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)

L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,0264
Experimental basin formula

= 1,7325
= 4547,1948

Pa = [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,0264 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,0264 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,01 psi
Design thickness for external pressure Pa = 0,01 psi
ta

= t + Corrosion

= 0,0264 + 0 = 0,0264"

76/142

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)

L / Do = 208,2616 / 120,21
Do / t = 120,21 / 0,105
Experimental basin formula
Pa

= 1,7325
= 1144,8571

= [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,105 / 120,21)2,50 / (208,2616 / 120,21 - 0,45*(0,105 / 120,21)0,50)] / 3
= 0,32 psi

% Forming strain - UHA-44(a)(2)

EFE =
=
=

(50*t / Rf)*(1 - Rf / Ro)

(50*0,105 / 60,0525)*(1 - 60,0525 / infinity)
0,0874%

External Pressure + Weight + Wind Loading Check (Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
Pv = W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)
= 3 410,4 / (2**60,0525) + 230 583 / (*60,05252)
= 29,3908 lb/in
= Pv / (Pe*Do)
= 29,3908 / (0,01*120,21)
= 24,4495
n = 7
m = 1,23 / (L / Do)2
= 1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
= 0,4098
Ratio Pe = (n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
= (72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*24,4495) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)
= 1,207
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1,207 * 0,01 = 0,01) 0,32
Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.

External Pressure + Weight + Wind Loading Check at Bottom Seam (Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
= 0,6*W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)
= 0,60*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525) + 0 / (*60,05252)
= -216,917 lb/in
= Pv / (Pe*Do)
= -216,917 / (0,01*120,21)
= -180,4484
n = 7
m = 1,23 / (L / Do)2
= 1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
= 0,4098
Ratio Pe = (n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
= (72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*-180,4484) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)
= 1
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1 * 0,01 = 0,01) 0,32
Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.
Pv

77/142

External Pressure + Weight + Seismic Loading Check (Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
Pv = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)
= 1,03*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525) + 924 681 / (*60,05252)
= 90,9184 lb/in
= Pv / (Pe*Do)
= 90,9184 / (0,01*120,21)
= 75,633
n = 7
m = 1,23 / (L / Do)2
= 1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
= 0,4098
Ratio Pe = (n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
= (72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*75,633) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)
= 1,6402
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1,6402 * 0,01 = 0,02) 0,32
Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.

External Pressure + Weight + Seismic Loading Check at Bottom Seam(Bergman, ASME paper 54-A-104)
(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm) + M / (*Rm2)
0,57*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525) + 432 / (*60,05252)
-206,3512 lb/in

Pv / (Pe*Do)
-206,3512 / (0,01*120,21)
-171,6589
n
7
m
1,23 / (L / Do)2
1,23 / (208,2616 / 120,21)2
0,4098
Ratio Pe
(n2 - 1 + m + m*) / (n2 - 1 + m)
(72 - 1 + 0,4098 + 0,4098*-171,6589) / (72 - 1 + 0,4098)
1
Ratio Pe * Pe MAEP
(1 * 0,01 = 0,01) 0,32
Cylinder design thickness is satisfactory.
Pv

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

78/142

Thickness Required Due to Pressure + External Loads

Pressure P (
psi)

Condition

Allowable
Stress Before
UG-23 Stress
Increase (
psi)
St

Temperature (
F)

Corrosion C
(in)

Location

0,01

16 700

3 056

100

0
Bottom

Top
Operating, Hot & New

0,01

16 700

3 056

100

0
Bottom

Top
Hot Shut Down, Corroded

16 700

3 056

100

0
Bottom

Top
Hot Shut Down, New

16 700

3 056

100

0
Bottom

Top
Empty, Corroded

16 700

3 056

70

0
Bottom

Top
Empty, New

16 700

3 056

70

0
Bottom

Top
Vacuum

-0,01

16 700

3 056

100

0
Bottom

Hot Shut Down, Corroded,

Weight & Eccentric Moments
Only

16 700

Req'd Thk Due to

Compression (in)

Wind

0,0008

0,0079

Seismic

0,0038

0,0247

Wind

0,0181

0,0108

Sc
Top

Operating, Hot & Corroded

Req'd Thk Due to

Tension (in)

Load

3 056

100

Seismic

0,0186

0,0103

Wind

0,0008

0,0079

Seismic

0,0038

0,0247

Wind

0,0181

0,0108

Seismic

0,0186

0,0103

Wind

0,0007

0,008

Seismic

0,0038

0,0248

Wind

0,018

0,0108

Seismic

0,0186

0,0103

Wind

0,0007

0,008

Seismic

0,0038

0,0248

Wind

0,018

0,0108

Seismic

0,0186

0,0103

Wind

0,0007

0,008

Seismic

0,0001

0,0046

Wind

0,0007

0,0004

Seismic

0,0007

0,0004

Wind

0,0007

0,008

Seismic

0,0001

0,0046

Wind

0,0007

0,0004

Seismic

0,0007

0,0004

Wind

0,0007

0,0081

Seismic

0,0038

0,0249

Wind

0,018

0,0108

Seismic

0,0186

0,0103

Top

Weight

0,0015

0,0044

Bottom

Weight

0,0216

0,0216

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and Corroded- ScHC, (table HA-4)

A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScHC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

79/142

Allowable Compressive Stress, Hot and New- ScHN

ScHN
= ScHC
= 3 056 psi
Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and New- ScCN, (table HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScCN

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Allowable Compressive Stress, Cold and Corroded- ScCC

ScCC
= ScCN
= 3 056 psi
Allowable Compressive Stress, Vacuum and Corroded- ScVC, (table
HA-4)
A
= 0,125 / (Ro / t)
= 0,125 / (60,105 / 0,105)
= 0,000218
B
= 3 056 psi
S

16 700 / 1,00 = 16 700 psi

ScVC

min(B, S) = 3 056 psi

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Wind, Above Support Point

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,001"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,001 - (0,0003)
= 0,0008"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0055"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

(Weight)

80/142

= 3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)

= 0,0025"
tc

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0055 + (0,0025) - (0,0001)
= 0,0079"

(total required, compressive)

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*1,00*(0,105 - 0,001 + (0,0003)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,001 + (0,0003)))
= 69,69 psi
Operating, Hot & New, Wind, Above Support Point
tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,001"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,001 - (0,0003)
= 0,0008"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0055"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0055 + (0,0025) - (0,0001)
= 0,0079"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*1,00*(0,105 - 0,001 + (0,0003)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,001 + (0,0003)))
= 69,69 psi

81/142

Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Wind, Above Support Point

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,001"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,001 - (0,0003)
= 0,0007"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0055"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0055 + (0,0025) - (0)
= 0,008"

Hot Shut Down, New, Wind, Above Support Point

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,001"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,001 - (0,0003)
= 0,0007"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0055"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0055 + (0,0025) - (0)
= 0,008"

82/142

Empty, Corroded, Wind, Above Support Point

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,001"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,001 - (0,0003)
= 0,0007"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0055"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0055 + (0,0025) - (0)
= 0,008"

Empty, New, Wind, Above Support Point

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,001"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,001 - (0,0003)
= 0,0007"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0055"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0055 + (0,0025) - (0)
= 0,008"

83/142

Vacuum, Wind, Above Support Point

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,001"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = 0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= 0,60*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,001 - (0,0003)
= 0,0007"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 230 583 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0055"

(bending)

twc = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
= 3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0055 + (0,0025) - (-0,0001)
= 0,0081"

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0,0055 - 0,0025) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0055 - 0,0025))
= 11,86 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight & Eccentric Moments Only, Above Support Point
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 50 041 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0,0014"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)
(Weight)
= 3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,00)
= 0,003"
tt = |tp + tm - tw|
= |0 + 0,0014 - (0,003)|
= 0,0015"

(total, net compressive)

tc = tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0014 + (0,003) - (0)

(total required, compressive)

84/142

= 0,0044"
Operating, Hot & Corroded, Wind, Below Support Point
tp

=
=
=

P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
0"

(Pressure)

tm

=
=
=

M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
0 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(bending)

tw

=
=
=

W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,018"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,018)
0,0181"

twc

=
=
=

0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
0,60*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0108"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0108) - (0)|
0,0108"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*1,00*(0,105 - 0 + (-0,018)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 + (-0,018)))
= 58,12 psi
Operating, Hot & New, Wind, Below Support Point
tp

=
=
=

P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
0"

(Pressure)

tm

=
=
=

M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
0 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(bending)

tw

=
=
=

W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,018"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,018)
0,0181"

=
=

0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
0,60*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)

twc

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

85/142

tc

-0,0108"

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0108) - (0)|
0,0108"

(total, net
tensile)

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*1,00*(0,105 - 0 + (-0,018)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 + (-0,018)))
= 58,12 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Wind, Below Support Point
tp
tm

=
=
=
=

0"
M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
0 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw

=
=
=

W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,018"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,018)
0,018"

twc

=
=
=

0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
0,60*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0108"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0108) - (0)|
0,0108"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

Hot Shut Down, New, Wind, Below Support Point

tp
tm

=
=
=
=

0"
M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
0 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw

=
=
=

W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,018"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,018)
0,018"

=
=

0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
0,60*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)

twc

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

86/142

tc

-0,0108"

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0108) - (0)|
0,0108"

(total, net
tensile)

Empty, Corroded, Wind, Below Support Point

tp
tm

=
=
=
=

0"
M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
0 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw

=
=
=

W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
-5 104,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0007"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,0007)
0,0007"

twc

=
=
=

0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
0,60*-5 104,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0004"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0004) - (0)|
0,0004"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

Empty, New, Wind, Below Support Point

tp
tm

=
=
=
=

0"
M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
0 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw

=
=
=

W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
-5 104,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0007"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,0007)
0,0007"

twc

=
=
=

0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
0,60*-5 104,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0004"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0004) - (0)|
0,0004"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

87/142

Vacuum, Wind, Below Support Point

tp

=
=
=

P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

-0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
0"

(Pressure)

tm

=
=
=

M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
0 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(bending)

tw

=
=
=

W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,018"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,018)
0,018"

twc

=
=
=

0,6*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
0,60*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0108"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0108) - (0)|
0,0108"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0 - -0,0591) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 - -0,0591))
= 20,09 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Weight & Eccentric Moments Only, Below Support Point
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 0 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,00*1,00)
= 0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
(Weight)
= -136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,00*1,00)
= -0,0216"
tt = tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0 - (-0,0216)
= 0,0216"

(total required, tensile)

tc = |tmc + twc - tpc|

= |0 + (-0,0216) - (0)|
= 0,0216"

(total, net tensile)

88/142

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Seismic, Above Support Point

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0041"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0041 - (0,0003)
= 0,0038"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0223"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0223 + (0,0025) - (0,0001)
= 0,0247"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*1,00*(0,105 - 0,0041 + (0,0003)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0041 + (0,0003)))
= 67,64 psi
Operating, Hot & New, Seismic, Above Support Point
tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0041"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0041 - (0,0003)
= 0,0038"

(total required, tensile)

89/142

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= 0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0223"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0223 + (0,0025) - (0,0001)
= 0,0247"

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*1,00*(0,105 - 0,0041 + (0,0003)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0041 + (0,0003)))
= 67,64 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Seismic, Above Support Point
tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0041"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0041 - (0,0003)
= 0,0038"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0223"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0223 + (0,0025) - (0)
= 0,0248"

Hot Shut Down, New, Seismic, Above Support Point

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0041"

(Pressure)
(bending)

90/142

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0041 - (0,0003)
= 0,0038"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0223"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0223 + (0,0025) - (0)
= 0,0248"

Empty, Corroded, Seismic, Above Support Point

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 86 998 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0004"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0004 - (0,0003)
= 0,0001"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 86 998 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0021"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0021 + (0,0025) - (0)
= 0,0046"

Empty, New, Seismic, Above Support Point

tp = 0"
tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 86 998 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0004"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)

91/142

= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0004 - (0,0003)
= 0,0001"

(total required, tensile)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 86 998 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0021"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0021 + (0,0025) - (0)
= 0,0046"

Vacuum, Seismic, Above Support Point

tp

= P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= 0"

tm = M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0041"

(Pressure)

(bending)

tw = (0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

(Weight)
= 0,57*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
= 0,0003"
tt

= tp + tm - tw
= 0 + 0,0041 - (0,0003)
= 0,0038"

(total required, tensile)

tpc = P*R / (2*Sc*Ks + 0,40*|P|)

= -0,01*60 / (2*3 056,32*1,20 + 0,40*|0,01|)
= -0,0001"

(Pressure)

tmc = M / (*Rm2*Sc*Ks)
= 924 681 / (*60,05252*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0223"

(bending)

twc = (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*Sc*Ks)

= 1,03*3 410,4 / (2**60,0525*3 056,32*1,20)
= 0,0025"

(Weight)

tc

(total required, compressive)

= tmc + twc - tpc

= 0,0223 + (0,0025) - (-0,0001)
= 0,0249"

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0,0223 - 0,0025) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0,0223 - 0,0025))
= 9,81 psi

92/142

Operating, Hot & Corroded, Seismic, Below Support Point

tp

=
=
=

P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
0"

(Pressure)

tm

=
=
=

M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
432 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(bending)

tw

=
=
=

(1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
1,03*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0186"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,0186)
0,0186"

twc

=
=
=

(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

0,57*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0103"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0103) - (0)|
0,0103"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*1,00*(0,105 - 0 + (-0,0186)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 + (-0,0186)))
= 57,77 psi
Operating, Hot & New, Seismic, Below Support Point
tp

=
=
=

P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
0"

(Pressure)

tm

=
=
=

M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
432 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(bending)

tw

=
=
=

(1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
1,03*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0186"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,0186)
0,0186"

=
=
=

(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

0,57*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0103"

twc

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

93/142

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0103) - (0)|
0,0103"

(total, net
tensile)

Maximum allowable working pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*St*Ks*Ec*(t - tm + tw) / (R - 0,40*(t - tm + tw))
= 2*16 700*1,20*1,00*(0,105 - 0 + (-0,0186)) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 + (-0,0186)))
= 57,77 psi
Hot Shut Down, Corroded, Seismic, Below Support Point
tp
tm

=
=
=
=

0"
M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
432 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw

=
=
=

(1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
1,03*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0186"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,0186)
0,0186"

twc

=
=
=

(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

0,57*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0103"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0103) - (0)|
0,0103"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

Hot Shut Down, New, Seismic, Below Support Point

tp
tm

=
=
=
=

0"
M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
432 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw

=
=
=

(1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
1,03*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0186"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,0186)
0,0186"

=
=
=

(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

0,57*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0103"

twc

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

94/142

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0103) - (0)|
0,0103"

(total, net
tensile)

Empty, Corroded, Seismic, Below Support Point

tp
tm

=
=
=
=

0"
M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
544 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw

=
=
=

(1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
1,03*-5 104,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0007"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,0007)
0,0007"

twc

=
=
=

(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

0,57*-5 104,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0004"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0004) - (0)|
0,0004"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

Empty, New, Seismic, Below Support Point

tp
tm

=
=
=
=

0"
M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
544 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(Pressure)
(bending)

tw

=
=
=

(1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
1,03*-5 104,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0007"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,0007)
0,0007"

twc

=
=
=

(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

0,57*-5 104,7 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0004"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0004) - (0)|
0,0004"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

95/142

Vacuum, Seismic, Below Support Point

tp

=
=
=

P*R / (2*St*Ks*Ec + 0,40*|P|)

-0,01*60 / (2*16 700*1,20*1,00 + 0,40*|0,01|)
0"

(Pressure)

tm

=
=
=

M / (*Rm2*St*Ks*Ec)
432 / (*60,05252*16 700*1,20*1,00)
0"

(bending)

tw

=
=
=

(1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)
1,03*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0186"

(Weight)

tt

tp + tm - tw

=
=

0 + 0 - (-0,0186)
0,0186"

twc

=
=
=

(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (2**Rm*St*Ks*Ec)

0,57*-136 412,2 / (2**60,0525*16 700*1,20*1,00)
-0,0103"

tc

|tmc + twc - tpc|

=
=

|0 + (-0,0103) - (0)|
0,0103"

(total required,
tensile)

(Weight)

(total, net
tensile)

Maximum Allowable External Pressure, Longitudinal Stress

P = 2*Sc*Ks*(t - tmc - twc) / (R - 0,40*(t - tmc - twc))
= 2*3 056,32*1,20*(0,105 - 0 - -0,0563) / (60 - 0,40*(0,105 - 0 - -0,0563))
= 19,74 psi

96/142

Nozzle #1 (N1)
ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition

Note: round inside edges per UG-76(c)

Location and Orientation
Located on

Cylinder #4

Orientation

Nozzle center line offset to datum line

18"

End of nozzle to shell center

66,4175"

Passes through a Category A joint

No
Nozzle

Access opening

No

Material specification

SA-240 316L (II-D p. 74, ln. 9)

Inside diameter, new

23,25"

Nominal wall thickness

0,375"

Corrosion allowance

0"

Projection available outside vessel, Lpr

0,3125"

Projection available outside vessel to flange face, Lf

6,3125"

Local vessel minimum thickness

0,105"

Liquid static head included

11,48 psi

Longitudinal joint efficiency

1
Reinforcing Pad

Material specification

SA-240 316L (II-D p. 74, ln. 9)

Diameter, Dp

24,25"

Thickness, te

0,105"

Is split

No

97/142

Welds
Inner Fillet, Leg41

0,125"

Outer Fillet, Leg42

0,105"

Nozzle to vessel groove weld

0,105"

Pad groove weld

0"
ASME B16.5-2009 Flange

Description

NPS 24 Class 150 WN A105

Bolt Material

SA-193 B7 Bolt <= 2 1/2 (II-D p.

352, ln. 31)

Blind included

Yes

Rated MDMT

-55F

Liquid static head

10,85 psi

MAWP rating

285 psi @ 100F

MAP rating

285 psi @ 70F

Hydrotest rating

450 psi @ 70F

PWHT performed

No

Impact Tested

No

Circumferential joint radiography

Full UW-11(a) Type 1

Notes

Flange rated MDMT per UCS-66(b)(3) = -155F (Coincident ratio = 0,04)

Bolts rated MDMT per Fig UCS-66 note (c) = -55F

UHA-51 Material Toughness Requirements Nozzle

Rated MDMT per UHA-51(d)(1)(a), (carbon content does not exceed 0,10%) = -320F
Material is exempt from impact testing at the Design MDMT of -20F.

UHA-51 Material Toughness Requirements Pad

Rated MDMT per UHA-51(d)(1)(a), (carbon content does not exceed 0,10%) = -320F
Material is exempt from impact testing at the Design MDMT of -20F.

98/142

Reinforcement Calculations for MAWP

Available reinforcement per UG-37 governs the MAWP of this nozzle.

UG-37 Area Calculation Summary (in2)

UG-45
Summary (in)

For P = 16,06 psi @ 100 F

The opening is adequately reinforced

The nozzle passes

UG-45

A
required

A
available

A1

A2

1,3422 1,3429 1,099 0,191

A3

--

A
welds

A5

treq

tmin

0,0263 0,0266 0,0625 0,375

UG-41 Weld Failure Path Analysis Summary (lbf)

All failure paths are stronger than the applicable weld loads
Weld load
W

Weld load
W1-1

Path 1-1
strength

Weld load
W2-2

Path 2-2
strength

Weld load
W3-3

Path 3-3
strength

4 653,87 4 072,3 195 410,29 4 765,35 87 479,47 5 387,42 81 647,05

UW-16 Weld Sizing Summary
Weld description

Required weld
throat size (in)

Actual weld
throat size (in)

Status

Nozzle to pad fillet (Leg 41)

0,0735

0,0875

weld size is adequate

Pad to shell fillet (Leg 42)

0,0525

0,0735

weld size is adequate

Calculations for internal pressure 16,06 psi @ 100 F

Parallel Limit of reinforcement per UG-40
LR

=
=
=

MAX(d, Rn + (tn - Cn) + (t - C))

MAX(23,25, 11,625 + (0,375 - 0) + (0,105 - 0))
23,25 in

Outer Normal Limit of reinforcement per UG-40

LH

=
MIN(2,5*(t - C), 2,5*(tn - Cn) + te)
=
MIN(2,5*(0,105 - 0), 2,5*(0,375 - 0) + 0,105)
=
0,2625 in
Nozzle required thickness per UG-27(c)(1)
trn

=
=
=

P*Rn / (Sn*E - 0,6*P)

16,0589*11,625 / (16 700*1 - 0,6*16,0589)
0,0112 in

Required thickness tr from UG-37(a)

tr

=
=

P*R / (S*E - 0,6*P)

16,0589*60 / (16 700*1 - 0,6*16,0589)

99/142

=
0,0577 in
Required thickness tr per Interpretation VIII-1-07-50
tr

=
=
=

P*R / (S*E - 0,6*P)

16,0589*60 / (16 700*0,7 - 0,6*16,0589)
0,0825 in

Area required per UG-37(c)

Allowable stresses: Sn = 16 700, Sv = 16 700, Sp = 16 700 psi
fr1 = lesser of 1 or Sn / Sv = 1
fr2 = lesser of 1 or Sn / Sv = 1
fr3 = lesser of fr2 or Sp / Sv = 1
fr4 = lesser of 1 or Sp / Sv = 1

=
=
=

d*tr*F + 2*tn*tr*F*(1 - fr1)

23,25*0,0577*1 + 2*0,375*0,0577*1*(1 - 1)
1,3422 in2

Area available from FIG. UG-37.1

A1 = larger of the following= 1,099 in2

=
=
=

d*(E1*t - F*tr) - 2*tn*(E1*t - F*tr)*(1 - fr1)

23,25*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577) - 2*0,375*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577)*(1 - 1)
1,099 in2

=
=
=

2*(t + tn)*(E1*t - F*tr) - 2*tn*(E1*t - F*tr)*(1 - fr1)

2*(0,105 + 0,375)*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577) - 2*0,375*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577)*(1 - 1)
0,0454 in2

A2 = smaller of the following= 0,191 in2

=
=
=

5*(tn - trn)*fr2*t
5*(0,375 - 0,0112)*1*0,105
0,191 in2

=
=
=

2*(tn - trn)*fr2*Lpr
2*(0,375 - 0,0112)*1*0,3125
0,2274 in2

A41 =
=
=

Leg2*fr3
0,1252*1
0,0156 in2

100/142

A42 =
=
=

Leg2*fr4
0,1052*1
0,011 in2

A5

(Dp - d - 2*tn)*te*fr4
(24,25 - 23,25 - 2*0,375)*0,105*1
0,0263 in2

=
=
=

Area =
=
=

A1 + A2 + A41 + A42 + A5
1,099 + 0,191 + 0,0156 + 0,011 + 0,0263
1,3429 in2

As Area >= A the reinforcement is adequate.

UW-16(c)(2) Weld Check

Inner fillet: tmin
= lesser of 0,75 or tn or te = 0,105 in
tw(min) = 0,7*tmin = 0,0735 in
tw(actual) = 0,7*Leg = 0.7*0,125 = 0,0875 in
Outer fillet: tmin
= lesser of 0,75 or te or t = 0,105 in
tw(min) = 0,5*tmin = 0,0525 in
tw(actual) = 0,7*Leg = 0.7*0,105 = 0,0735 in

UG-45 Nozzle Neck Thickness Check

ta UG-27

=
=
=

P*R / (S*E - 0,6*P) + Corrosion

16,0589*11,625 / (16 700*1 - 0,6*16,0589) + 0
0,0112 in

ta

=
=
=

max[ ta UG-27 , ta UG-22 ]

max[ 0,0112 , 0 ]
0,0112 in

tb1

=
=
=

P*R / (S*E - 0,6*P) + Corrosion

16,0589*60 / (16 700*1 - 0,6*16,0589) + 0
0,0577 in

tb1

=
=
=

max[ tb1 , tb UG16 ]

max[ 0,0577 , 0,0625 ]
0,0625 in

tb

=
=
=

min[ tb3 , tb1 ]

min[ 0,3281 , 0,0625 ]
0,0625 in

101/142

tUG-45

=
=
=

max[ ta , tb ]
max[ 0,0112 , 0,0625 ]
0,0625 in

Available nozzle wall thickness new, tn = 0,375 in

The nozzle neck thickness is adequate.
Allowable stresses in joints UG-45 and UW-15(c)
Groove weld in tension: 0,74*16 700 =
Nozzle wall in shear:
0,7*16 700 =
Inner fillet weld in shear: 0,49*16 700 =
Outer fillet weld in shear: 0,49*16 700 =
Strength of welded joints:

12 358 psi
11 690 psi
8 183 psi
8 183 psi

(1) Inner fillet weld in shear

( / 2)*Nozzle OD*Leg*Si = ( / 2)*24*0,125*8 183 = 38 561,48 lbf
(2) Outer fillet weld in shear
( / 2)*Pad OD*Leg*So = ( / 2)*24,25*0,105*8 183 = 32 729,06 lbf
(3) Nozzle wall in shear
( / 2)*Mean nozzle dia*tn*Sn = ( / 2)*23,625*0,375*11 690 = 162 681,24 lbf
(4) Groove weld in tension
( / 2)*Nozzle OD*tw*Sg = ( / 2)*24*0,105*12 358 = 48 917,99 lbf
Loading on welds per UG-41(b)(1)
W

=
=
=

(A - A1 + 2*tn*fr1*(E1*t - F*tr))*Sv
(1,3422 - 1,099 + 2*0,375*1*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577))*16 700
4 653,87 lbf

W1-1 =
=
=

(A2 + A5 + A41 + A42)*Sv

(0,191 + 0,0263 + 0,0156 + 0,011)*16 700
4 072,3 lbf

W2-2 =
=
=

(A2 + A3 + A41 + A43 + 2*tn*t*fr1)*Sv

(0,191 + 0 + 0,0156 + 0 + 2*0,375*0,105*1)*16 700
4 765,35 lbf

W3-3 =
=
=

(A2 + A3 + A5 + A41 + A42 + A43 + 2*tn*t*fr1)*Sv

(0,191 + 0 + 0,0263 + 0,0156 + 0,011 + 0 + 2*0,375*0,105*1)*16 700
5 387,42 lbf

Load for path 1-1 lesser of W or W1-1 = 4 072,3 lbf

102/142

Path 1-1 through (2) & (3) = 32 729,06 + 162 681,24 = 195 410,29 lbf
Path 1-1 is stronger than W1-1 so it is acceptable per UG-41(b)(1).
Load for path 2-2 lesser of W or W2-2 = 4 653,87 lbf
Path 2-2 through (1), (4) = 38 561,48 + 48 917,99 = 87 479,47 lbf
Path 2-2 is stronger than W so it is acceptable per UG-41(b)(2).
Load for path 3-3 lesser of W or W3-3 = 4 653,87 lbf
Path 3-3 through (2), (4) = 32 729,06 + 48 917,99 = 81 647,05 lbf
Path 3-3 is stronger than W so it is acceptable per UG-41(b)(2).
% Forming strain - UHA-44(a)(2)
EFE =
=
=

(50*t / Rf)*(1 - Rf / Ro)

(50*0,375 / 11,8125)*(1 - 11,8125 / infinity)
1,5873%

103/142

Reinforcement Calculations for MAP

Available reinforcement per UG-37 governs the MAP of this nozzle.

UG-37 Area Calculation Summary (in2)

UG-45
Summary (in)

For P = 16,06 psi @ 70 F

The opening is adequately reinforced

The nozzle passes

UG-45

A
required

A
available

A1

A2

1,3425 1,3427 1,0988 0,191

A3

A
welds

A5

--

treq

tmin

0,0263 0,0266 0,0625 0,375

UG-41 Weld Failure Path Analysis Summary (lbf)

All failure paths are stronger than the applicable weld loads
Weld load
W

Weld load
W1-1

Path 1-1
strength

Weld load
W2-2

Path 2-2
strength

Weld load
W3-3

Path 3-3
strength

4 660,97 4 072,3 195 410,29 4 765,35 87 479,47 5 387,42 81 647,05

UW-16 Weld Sizing Summary
Weld description

Required weld
throat size (in)

Actual weld
throat size (in)

Status

Nozzle to pad fillet (Leg 41)

0,0735

0,0875

weld size is adequate

Pad to shell fillet (Leg 42)

0,0525

0,0735

weld size is adequate

Calculations for internal pressure 16,06 psi @ 70 F

Parallel Limit of reinforcement per UG-40
LR

=
=
=

MAX(d, Rn + (tn - Cn) + (t - C))

MAX(23,25, 11,625 + (0,375 - 0) + (0,105 - 0))
23,25 in

Outer Normal Limit of reinforcement per UG-40

LH

=
MIN(2,5*(t - C), 2,5*(tn - Cn) + te)
=
MIN(2,5*(0,105 - 0), 2,5*(0,375 - 0) + 0,105)
=
0,2625 in
Nozzle required thickness per UG-27(c)(1)
trn

=
=
=

P*Rn / (Sn*E - 0,6*P)

16,0603*11,625 / (16 700*1 - 0,6*16,0603)
0,0112 in

Required thickness tr from UG-37(a)

tr

=
=

P*R / (S*E - 0,6*P)

16,0603*60 / (16 700*1 - 0,6*16,0603)

104/142

=
0,0577 in
Required thickness tr per Interpretation VIII-1-07-50
tr

=
=
=

P*R / (S*E - 0,6*P)

16,0603*60 / (16 700*0,7 - 0,6*16,0603)
0,0825 in

Area required per UG-37(c)

Allowable stresses: Sn = 16 700, Sv = 16 700, Sp = 16 700 psi
fr1 = lesser of 1 or Sn / Sv = 1
fr2 = lesser of 1 or Sn / Sv = 1
fr3 = lesser of fr2 or Sp / Sv = 1
fr4 = lesser of 1 or Sp / Sv = 1

=
=
=

d*tr*F + 2*tn*tr*F*(1 - fr1)

23,25*0,0577*1 + 2*0,375*0,0577*1*(1 - 1)
1,3425 in2

Area available from FIG. UG-37.1

A1 = larger of the following= 1,0988 in2

=
=
=

d*(E1*t - F*tr) - 2*tn*(E1*t - F*tr)*(1 - fr1)

23,25*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577) - 2*0,375*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577)*(1 - 1)
1,0988 in2

=
=
=

2*(t + tn)*(E1*t - F*tr) - 2*tn*(E1*t - F*tr)*(1 - fr1)

2*(0,105 + 0,375)*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577) - 2*0,375*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577)*(1 - 1)
0,0454 in2

A2 = smaller of the following= 0,191 in2

=
=
=

5*(tn - trn)*fr2*t
5*(0,375 - 0,0112)*1*0,105
0,191 in2

=
=
=

2*(tn - trn)*fr2*Lpr
2*(0,375 - 0,0112)*1*0,3125
0,2274 in2

A41 =
=
=

Leg2*fr3
0,1252*1
0,0156 in2

105/142

A42 =
=
=

Leg2*fr4
0,1052*1
0,011 in2

A5

(Dp - d - 2*tn)*te*fr4
(24,25 - 23,25 - 2*0,375)*0,105*1
0,0263 in2

=
=
=

Area =
=
=

A1 + A2 + A41 + A42 + A5
1,0988 + 0,191 + 0,0156 + 0,011 + 0,0263
1,3427 in2

As Area >= A the reinforcement is adequate.

UW-16(c)(2) Weld Check

Inner fillet: tmin
= lesser of 0,75 or tn or te = 0,105 in
tw(min) = 0,7*tmin = 0,0735 in
tw(actual) = 0,7*Leg = 0.7*0,125 = 0,0875 in
Outer fillet: tmin
= lesser of 0,75 or te or t = 0,105 in
tw(min) = 0,5*tmin = 0,0525 in
tw(actual) = 0,7*Leg = 0.7*0,105 = 0,0735 in

UG-45 Nozzle Neck Thickness Check

ta UG-27

=
=
=

P*R / (S*E - 0,6*P) + Corrosion

16,0603*11,625 / (16 700*1 - 0,6*16,0603) + 0
0,0112 in

ta

=
=
=

max[ ta UG-27 , ta UG-22 ]

max[ 0,0112 , 0 ]
0,0112 in

tb1

=
=
=

P*R / (S*E - 0,6*P) + Corrosion

16,0603*60 / (16 700*1 - 0,6*16,0603) + 0
0,0577 in

tb1

=
=
=

max[ tb1 , tb UG16 ]

max[ 0,0577 , 0,0625 ]
0,0625 in

tb

=
=
=

min[ tb3 , tb1 ]

min[ 0,3281 , 0,0625 ]
0,0625 in

106/142

tUG-45

=
=
=

max[ ta , tb ]
max[ 0,0112 , 0,0625 ]
0,0625 in

Available nozzle wall thickness new, tn = 0,375 in

The nozzle neck thickness is adequate.
Allowable stresses in joints UG-45 and UW-15(c)
Groove weld in tension: 0,74*16 700 =
Nozzle wall in shear:
0,7*16 700 =
Inner fillet weld in shear: 0,49*16 700 =
Outer fillet weld in shear: 0,49*16 700 =
Strength of welded joints:

12 358 psi
11 690 psi
8 183 psi
8 183 psi

(1) Inner fillet weld in shear

( / 2)*Nozzle OD*Leg*Si = ( / 2)*24*0,125*8 183 = 38 561,48 lbf
(2) Outer fillet weld in shear
( / 2)*Pad OD*Leg*So = ( / 2)*24,25*0,105*8 183 = 32 729,06 lbf
(3) Nozzle wall in shear
( / 2)*Mean nozzle dia*tn*Sn = ( / 2)*23,625*0,375*11 690 = 162 681,24 lbf
(4) Groove weld in tension
( / 2)*Nozzle OD*tw*Sg = ( / 2)*24*0,105*12 358 = 48 917,99 lbf
Loading on welds per UG-41(b)(1)
W

=
=
=

(A - A1 + 2*tn*fr1*(E1*t - F*tr))*Sv
(1,3425 - 1,0988 + 2*0,375*1*(1*0,105 - 1*0,0577))*16 700
4 660,97 lbf

W1-1 =
=
=

(A2 + A5 + A41 + A42)*Sv

(0,191 + 0,0263 + 0,0156 + 0,011)*16 700
4 072,3 lbf

W2-2 =
=
=

(A2 + A3 + A41 + A43 + 2*tn*t*fr1)*Sv

(0,191 + 0 + 0,0156 + 0 + 2*0,375*0,105*1)*16 700
4 765,35 lbf

W3-3 =
=
=

(A2 + A3 + A5 + A41 + A42 + A43 + 2*tn*t*fr1)*Sv

(0,191 + 0 + 0,0263 + 0,0156 + 0,011 + 0 + 2*0,375*0,105*1)*16 700
5 387,42 lbf

Load for path 1-1 lesser of W or W1-1 = 4 072,3 lbf

107/142

Path 1-1 through (2) & (3) = 32 729,06 + 162 681,24 = 195 410,29 lbf
Path 1-1 is stronger than W1-1 so it is acceptable per UG-41(b)(1).
Load for path 2-2 lesser of W or W2-2 = 4 660,97 lbf
Path 2-2 through (1), (4) = 38 561,48 + 48 917,99 = 87 479,47 lbf
Path 2-2 is stronger than W so it is acceptable per UG-41(b)(2).
Load for path 3-3 lesser of W or W3-3 = 4 660,97 lbf
Path 3-3 through (2), (4) = 32 729,06 + 48 917,99 = 81 647,05 lbf
Path 3-3 is stronger than W so it is acceptable per UG-41(b)(2).

108/142

Reinforcement Calculations for MAEP

UG-37 Area Calculation Summary (in2)

UG-45
Summary (in)

For Pe = 0,15 psi @ 100 F

The opening is adequately reinforced

The nozzle passes

UG-45

A
required

A
available

0,8955

0,896

A1

A2

0,6503 0,1928

A3

--

A
welds

A5

treq

tmin

0,0263 0,0266 0,0625 0,375

UG-41 Weld Failure Path Analysis Summary

Weld strength calculations are not required for external pressure
UW-16 Weld Sizing Summary
Weld description

Required weld
throat size (in)

Actual weld
throat size (in)

Status

Nozzle to pad fillet (Leg 41)

0,0735

0,0875

weld size is adequate

Pad to shell fillet (Leg 42)

0,0525

0,0735

weld size is adequate

Calculations for external pressure 0,15 psi @ 100 F

Parallel Limit of reinforcement per UG-40
LR

=
=
=

MAX(d, Rn + (tn - Cn) + (t - C))

MAX(23,25, 11,625 + (0,375 - 0) + (0,105 - 0))
23,25 in

Outer Normal Limit of reinforcement per UG-40

LH

=
=
=

MIN(2,5*(t - C), 2,5*(tn - Cn) + te)

MIN(2,5*(0,105 - 0), 2,5*(0,375 - 0) + 0,105)
0,2625 in

Nozzle required thickness per UG-28 trn = 0,0077 in

From UG-37(d)(1) required thickness tr = 0,077 in

Area required per UG-37(d)(1)

Allowable stresses: Sn = 16 700, Sv = 16 700, Sp = 16 700 psi
fr1 = lesser of 1 or Sn / Sv = 1
fr2 = lesser of 1 or Sn / Sv = 1
fr3 = lesser of fr2 or Sp / Sv = 1

109/142

fr4 = lesser of 1 or Sp / Sv = 1

=
=
=

0,5*(d*tr*F + 2*tn*tr*F*(1 - fr1))

0,5*(23,25*0,077*1 + 2*0,375*0,077*1*(1 - 1))
0,8955 in2

Area available from FIG. UG-37.1

A1 = larger of the following= 0,6503 in2

=
=
=

d*(E1*t - F*tr) - 2*tn*(E1*t - F*tr)*(1 - fr1)

23,25*(1*0,105 - 1*0,077) - 2*0,375*(1*0,105 - 1*0,077)*(1 - 1)
0,6503 in2

=
=
=

2*(t + tn)*(E1*t - F*tr) - 2*tn*(E1*t - F*tr)*(1 - fr1)

2*(0,105 + 0,375)*(1*0,105 - 1*0,077) - 2*0,375*(1*0,105 - 1*0,077)*(1 - 1)
0,0269 in2

A2 = smaller of the following= 0,1928 in2

=
=
=

5*(tn - trn)*fr2*t
5*(0,375 - 0,0077)*1*0,105
0,1928 in2

=
=
=

2*(tn - trn)*fr2*Lpr
2*(0,375 - 0,0077)*1*0,3125
0,2296 in2

A41 =
=
=

Leg2*fr3
0,1252*1
0,0156 in2

A42 =
=
=

Leg2*fr4
0,1052*1
0,011 in2

A5

(Dp - d - 2*tn)*te*fr4
(24,25 - 23,25 - 2*0,375)*0,105*1
0,0263 in2

=
=
=

Area =
=
=

A1 + A2 + A41 + A42 + A5
0,6503 + 0,1928 + 0,0156 + 0,011 + 0,0263
0,896 in2

As Area >= A the reinforcement is adequate.

110/142

UW-16(c)(2) Weld Check

Inner fillet: tmin
= lesser of 0,75 or tn or te = 0,105 in
tw(min) = 0,7*tmin = 0,0735 in
tw(actual) = 0,7*Leg = 0.7*0,125 = 0,0875 in
Outer fillet: tmin
= lesser of 0,75 or te or t = 0,105 in
tw(min) = 0,5*tmin = 0,0525 in
tw(actual) = 0,7*Leg = 0.7*0,105 = 0,0735 in

UG-45 Nozzle Neck Thickness Check

ta UG-28

0,0077 in

ta

=
=
=

max[ ta UG-28 , ta UG-22 ]

max[ 0,0077 , 0 ]
0,0077 in

tb2

=
=
=

P*R / (S*E - 0,6*P) + Corrosion

0,1464*60 / (16 700*1 - 0,6*0,1464) + 0
0,0005 in

tb2

=
=
=

max[ tb2 , tb UG16 ]

max[ 0,0005 , 0,0625 ]
0,0625 in

tb

=
=
=

min[ tb3 , tb2 ]

min[ 0,3281 , 0,0625 ]
0,0625 in

tUG-45

=
=
=

max[ ta , tb ]
max[ 0,0077 , 0,0625 ]
0,0625 in

Available nozzle wall thickness new, tn = 0,375 in

The nozzle neck thickness is adequate.
External Pressure, (Corroded & at 100 F) UG-28(c)
L / Do = 7,5226 / 24 = 0,3134
Do / t = 24 / 0,0077 = 3116,5647
Experimental basin formula
Pa

= [2,42*E / (1 - 2)0,75]*[(t / Do)2,50 / (L / Do - 0,45*(t / Do)0,50)] / 3

= [2,42*28000000 / (1 - 0,302)0,75]*[(0,0077 / 24)2,50 / (7,5226 / 24 - 0,45*(0,0077 / 24)0,50)] / 3
= 0,15 psi

111/142

Design thickness for external pressure Pa = 0,15 psi

ta

= t + Corrosion

= 0,0077 + 0 = 0,0077"

112/142

Support Skirt #1
ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Component

Support Skirt

Material

SA-240 304L (II-D p. 86, ln. 43)

Skirt is Attached To

Cylinder #4

Skirt Attachment Offset

1" up from the bottom seam

Design Temperature
Internal

100F

External

100F
Dimensions

Inner Diameter

Top

120,21"

Botttom

120,21"

Length (includes base ring thickness)

40"

Nominal Thickness

0,25"

Corrosion

Inner

0"

Outer

0"

Weight
New

1 083,75 lb

Corroded

1 083,75 lb
Joint Efficiency

Top

0,55

Bottom

0,8

Skirt design thickness, largest of the following + corrosion = 0,0668 in

The governing condition is due to earthquake, compressive stress at the base, operating & corroded.
The skirt thickness of 0,25 in is adequate.

113/142

Results Summary
Calculated
Stress/E
(psi)

Required
thickness
(in)

7 308,12

-805,81

0,0276

7 308,12

1 596,42

0,0546

70

16 700

57,74

0,0009

bottom

70

7 308,12

208,52

0,0071

top

100

7 308,12

-805,81

0,0276

vacuum, corroded (-)

bottom

100

7 308,12

1 596,42

0,0546

Seismic

operating, corroded (+)

top

100

7 308,12

-519,31

0,0178

Seismic

operating, corroded (-)

bottom

100

7 308,12

1 953,31

0,0668

Seismic

empty, corroded (+)

bottom

70

7 308,12

-21,57

0,0007

Seismic

empty, corroded (-)

bottom

70

7 308,12

140,76

0,0048

Seismic

vacuum, corroded (+)

top

100

7 308,12

-519,31

0,0178

Seismic

vacuum, corroded (-)

bottom

100

7 308,12

1 953,31

0,0668

Governing
Skirt
Location

Temperature
(F)

Allowable
Stress
(psi)

operating, corroded (+)

top

100

operating, corroded (-)

bottom

100

empty, corroded (+)

bottom

Wind

empty, corroded (-)

Wind

vacuum, corroded (+)

Wind

Loading

Vessel
Condition
(Stress)

Wind
Wind
Wind

Loading due to wind, operating & corroded

Windward side (tensile)
Required thickness, tensile stress at base:
t

= -0,6*W / (*D*St*E) + 48*M / (*D2*St*E)

= -0,6*140 906,34 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*25 420,5 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0269 in

Required thickness, tensile stress at the top:

t

= -0,6*Wt / (*Dt*St*E) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*St*E)

= -0,6*139 822,59 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*19 215,2 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0276 in

Leeward side (compressive)

Required thickness, compressive stress at base:
t

= W / (*D*Sc*Ec) + 48*M / (*D2*Sc*Ec)

= 140 906,34 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*25 420,5 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0546 in

Required thickness, compressive stress at the top:

t

= Wt / (*Dt*Sc*Ec) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*Sc*Ec)

= 139 822,59 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*19 215,2 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0533 in

114/142

Loading due to wind, empty & corroded

Windward side (tensile)
Required thickness, tensile stress at base:
t

= -0,6*W / (*D*St*E) + 48*M / (*D2*St*E)

= -0,6*9 598,83 / (*120,46*16 700*0,8) + 48*25 420,5 / (*120,462*16 700*0,8)
= 0,0009 in

Required thickness, tensile stress at the top:

t

= -0,6*Wt / (*Dt*St*E) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*St*E)

= -0,6*8 515,09 / (*120,46*16 700*0,55) + 48*19 215,2 / (*120,462*16 700*0,55)
= 0,0007 in

Leeward side (compressive)

Required thickness, compressive stress at base:
t

= W / (*D*Sc*Ec) + 48*M / (*D2*Sc*Ec)

= 9 598,83 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*25 420,5 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0071 in

Required thickness, compressive stress at the top:

t

= Wt / (*Dt*Sc*Ec) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*Sc*Ec)

= 8 515,09 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*19 215,2 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0058 in

Loading due to wind, vacuum & corroded

Windward side (tensile)
Required thickness, tensile stress at base:
t

= -0,6*W / (*D*St*E) + 48*M / (*D2*St*E)

= -0,6*140 906,34 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*25 420,5 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0269 in

Required thickness, tensile stress at the top:

t

= -0,6*Wt / (*Dt*St*E) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*St*E)

= -0,6*139 822,59 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*19 215,2 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0276 in

115/142

Leeward side (compressive)

Required thickness, compressive stress at base:
t

= W / (*D*Sc*Ec) + 48*M / (*D2*Sc*Ec)

= 140 906,34 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*25 420,5 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0546 in

Required thickness, compressive stress at the top:

t

= Wt / (*Dt*Sc*Ec) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*Sc*Ec)

= 139 822,59 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*19 215,2 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0533 in

Loading due to earthquake, operating & corroded

Tensile side
Required thickness, tensile stress at base:
t

= -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (*D*St*E) + 48*M / (*D2*St*E)

= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*140 906,34 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*99 859,8 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0147 in

Required thickness, tensile stress at the top:

t

= -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*Wt / (*Dt*St*E) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*St*E)

= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*139 822,59 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*77 020,8 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0178 in

Compressive side
Required thickness, compressive stress at base:
t

= (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (*D*Sc*Ec) + 48*M / (*D2*Sc*Ec)

= (1 + 0,14*0,208)*140 906,34 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*99 859,8 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0668 in

Required thickness, compressive stress at the top:

t

= (1 + 0,14*SDS)*Wt / (*Dt*Sc*Ec) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*Sc*Ec)

= (1 + 0,14*0,208)*139 822,59 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*77 020,8 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0631 in

Loading due to earthquake, empty & corroded

116/142

Tensile side
Required thickness, tensile stress at base:
t

= -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (*D*St*E) + 48*M / (*D2*St*E)

= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*9 598,83 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*8 630,3 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0007 in

Required thickness, tensile stress at the top:

t

= -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*Wt / (*Dt*St*E) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*St*E)

= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*8 515,09 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*7 204,5 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0007 in

Compressive side
Required thickness, compressive stress at base:
t

= (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (*D*Sc*Ec) + 48*M / (*D2*Sc*Ec)

= (1 + 0,14*0,208)*9 598,83 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*8 630,3 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0048 in

Required thickness, compressive stress at the top:

t

= (1 + 0,14*SDS)*Wt / (*Dt*Sc*Ec) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*Sc*Ec)

= (1 + 0,14*0,208)*8 515,09 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*7 204,5 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0042 in

Loading due to earthquake, vacuum & corroded

Tensile side
Required thickness, tensile stress at base:
t

= -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / (*D*St*E) + 48*M / (*D2*St*E)

= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*140 906,34 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*99 859,8 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0147 in

Required thickness, tensile stress at the top:

t

= -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*Wt / (*Dt*St*E) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*St*E)

= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*139 822,59 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*77 020,8 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0178 in

Compressive side

117/142

Required thickness, compressive stress at base:

t

= (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / (*D*Sc*Ec) + 48*M / (*D2*Sc*Ec)

= (1 + 0,14*0,208)*140 906,34 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*99 859,8 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0668 in

Required thickness, compressive stress at the top:

t

= (1 + 0,14*SDS)*Wt / (*Dt*Sc*Ec) + 48*Mt / (*Dt2*Sc*Ec)

= (1 + 0,14*0,208)*139 822,59 / (*120,46*7 308*1) + 48*77 020,8 / (*120,462*7 308*1)
= 0,0631 in

118/142

Skirt Base Ring #1

Inputs
Base configuration

single base plate

Base plate material

Base plate allowable stress, Sp

20 000 psi

Foundation compressive strength

1 658 psi

Concrete ultimate 28-day strength

3 000 psi

Bolt circle, BC

124,75"

Base plate inner diameter, Di

118"

Base plate outer diameter, Do

130"

Base plate thickness, tb

0,5"

Gusset separation, w

4"

Gusset height, h

4,75"

Gusset thickness, tg

0,375"
Anchor Bolts

Material
Allowable stress, Sb

20 000 psi

Bolt size and type

0,75 " series 8 threaded

Number of bolts, N

Corrosion allowance (applied to root radius)

0"

Anchor bolt clearance

0,375"

Bolt root area (corroded), Ab

0,3 in2

Diameter of anchor bolt holes, db

1,125"

Initial bolt preload

Bolt at 0

0% (0 psi)
No

119/142

Results Summary
Base V
(lbf)

Base M
(lbf-ft)

W
(lb)

Required
bolt area
(in2)

tr

Foundation
bearing
stress
(psi)

Load

Vessel
condition

Wind

operating, corroded

2 022,5 25 420,5 141 254,3

0 0,4483

65,04

Wind

operating, new

2 022,5 25 420,5 141 254,3

0 0,4483

65,04

Wind

empty, corroded

2 022,5 25 420,5

9 946,8 0,0238 0,1637

8,67

Wind

empty, new

2 022,5 25 420,5

9 946,8 0,0238 0,1637

8,67

Wind

vacuum, corroded

2 022,5 25 420,5 141 254,3

0 0,4483

65,04

Seismic

operating, corroded

6 855,5 99 859,8 141 254,3

0 0,4962

79,7

Seismic

operating, new

6 855,5 99 859,8 141 254,3

0 0,4962

79,7

Seismic

empty, corroded

434,5

8 630,3

9 946,8

0 0,1349

5,89

Seismic

empty, new

434,5

8 630,3

9 946,8

0 0,1349

5,89

Seismic

vacuum, corroded

6 855,5 99 859,8 141 254,3

0 0,4962

79,7

Base
(in)

Anchor bolt load (operating, corroded + Wind)

P = -0,6*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -0,6*141 254,34 / 8 + 48 * 25 420,5 / (8*124,75)
= -9 371,45 lbf
The anchor bolts are satisfactory (no net uplift on anchor bolt)
Foundation bearing stress (operating, corroded + Wind)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + 141 254,34 / 2 329,3928 + 6*25 420,5*130 / 4 502 895
= 65 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (operating, corroded + Wind)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*65*44,23922 = 313,2 lbf
My = -0,4773*65*4,6452 = -669,9 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*669,86 / 20 000)0,5
= 0,4483 in

120/142

The base plate thickness is satisfactory.

Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, operating, corroded + Wind)
Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*0 = 0 lbf
tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*0 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*0*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 0 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.
Anchor bolt load (operating, new + Wind)
P = -0,6*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -0,6*141 254,34 / 8 + 48 * 25 420,5 / (8*124,75)
= -9 371,45 lbf
The anchor bolts are satisfactory (no net uplift on anchor bolt)
Foundation bearing stress (operating, new + Wind)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + 141 254,34 / 2 329,3928 + 6*25 420,5*130 / 4 502 895
= 65 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (operating, new + Wind)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*65*44,23922 = 313,2 lbf
My = -0,4773*65*4,6452 = -669,9 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*669,86 / 20 000)0,5
= 0,4483 in

121/142

The base plate thickness is satisfactory.

Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, operating, new + Wind)
Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*0 = 0 lbf
tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*0 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*0*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 0 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.
Anchor bolt load (empty, corroded + Wind)
P = -0,6*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -0,6*9 946,83 / 8 + 48 * 25 420,5 / (8*124,75)
= 476,62 lbf
Required area per bolt = P / Sb = 0,0238 in2
The area provided (0,302 in2) by the specified anchor bolt is adequate.
Foundation bearing stress (empty, corroded + Wind)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + 9 946,83 / 2 329,3928 + 6*25 420,5*130 / 4 502 895
= 9 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (empty, corroded + Wind)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*9*44,23922 = 41,8 lbf
My = -0,4773*9*4,6452 = -89,3 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*89,33 / 20 000)0,5
= 0,1637 in

122/142

The base plate thickness is satisfactory.

Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, empty, corroded + Wind)
Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*1 578 = 476,62 lbf
tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*476,62 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0,1447 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*476,62*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 1 780,3 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.
Anchor bolt load (empty, new + Wind)
P = -0,6*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -0,6*9 946,83 / 8 + 48 * 25 420,5 / (8*124,75)
= 476,62 lbf
Required area per bolt = P / Sb = 0,0238 in2
The area provided (0,302 in2) by the specified anchor bolt is adequate.
Foundation bearing stress (empty, new + Wind)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + 9 946,83 / 2 329,3928 + 6*25 420,5*130 / 4 502 895
= 9 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (empty, new + Wind)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*9*44,23922 = 41,8 lbf
My = -0,4773*9*4,6452 = -89,3 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*89,33 / 20 000)0,5

123/142

= 0,1637 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, empty, new + Wind)
Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*1 578 = 476,62 lbf
tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*476,62 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0,1447 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*476,62*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 1 780,3 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.
Anchor bolt load (vacuum, corroded + Wind)
P = -0,6*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -0,6*141 254,34 / 8 + 48 * 25 420,5 / (8*124,75)
= -9 371,45 lbf
The anchor bolts are satisfactory (no net uplift on anchor bolt)
Foundation bearing stress (vacuum, corroded + Wind)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + 141 254,34 / 2 329,3928 + 6*25 420,5*130 / 4 502 895
= 65 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (vacuum, corroded + Wind)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*65*44,23922 = 313,2 lbf
My = -0,4773*65*4,6452 = -669,9 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*669,86 / 20 000)0,5
= 0,4483 in

124/142

The base plate thickness is satisfactory.

Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, vacuum, corroded + Wind)
Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*0 = 0 lbf
tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*0 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*0*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 0 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.
Anchor bolt load (operating, corroded + Seismic)
P = -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*141 254,34 / 8 + 48 * 99 859,8 / (8*124,75)
= -5 277,03 lbf
The anchor bolts are satisfactory (no net uplift on anchor bolt)
Foundation bearing stress (operating, corroded + Seismic)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + (1 + 0,14*0,208)*141 254,34 / 2 329,3928 + 6*99 859,8*130 / 4 502 895
= 80 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (operating, corroded + Seismic)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*80*44,23922 = 383,7 lbf
My = -0,4773*80*4,6452 = -820,8 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*820,84 / 20 000)0,5
= 0,4962 in

125/142

The base plate thickness is satisfactory.

Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, operating, corroded + Seismic)
Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*0 = 0 lbf
tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*0 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*0*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 0 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.
Anchor bolt load (operating, new + Seismic)
P = -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*141 254,34 / 8 + 48 * 99 859,8 / (8*124,75)
= -5 277,03 lbf
The anchor bolts are satisfactory (no net uplift on anchor bolt)
Foundation bearing stress (operating, new + Seismic)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + (1 + 0,14*0,208)*141 254,34 / 2 329,3928 + 6*99 859,8*130 / 4 502 895
= 80 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (operating, new + Seismic)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*80*44,23922 = 383,7 lbf
My = -0,4773*80*4,6452 = -820,8 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*820,84 / 20 000)0,5
= 0,4962 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.

126/142

Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, operating, new + Seismic)
Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*0 = 0 lbf
tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*0 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*0*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 0 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.
Anchor bolt load (empty, corroded + Seismic)
P = -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*9 946,83 / 8 + 48 * 8 630,3 / (8*124,75)
= -294,72 lbf
The anchor bolts are satisfactory (no net uplift on anchor bolt)
Foundation bearing stress (empty, corroded + Seismic)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + (1 + 0,14*0,208)*9 946,83 / 2 329,3928 + 6*8 630,3*130 / 4 502 895
= 6 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (empty, corroded + Seismic)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*6*44,23922 = 28,4 lbf
My = -0,4773*6*4,6452 = -60,7 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*60,65 / 20 000)0,5
= 0,1349 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.

127/142

Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, empty, corroded + Seismic)
Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*0 = 0 lbf
tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*0 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*0*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 0 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.
Anchor bolt load (empty, new + Seismic)
P = -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*9 946,83 / 8 + 48 * 8 630,3 / (8*124,75)
= -294,72 lbf
The anchor bolts are satisfactory (no net uplift on anchor bolt)
Foundation bearing stress (empty, new + Seismic)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + (1 + 0,14*0,208)*9 946,83 / 2 329,3928 + 6*8 630,3*130 / 4 502 895
= 6 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (empty, new + Seismic)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*6*44,23922 = 28,4 lbf
My = -0,4773*6*4,6452 = -60,7 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*60,65 / 20 000)0,5
= 0,1349 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, empty, new + Seismic)

128/142

Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*0 = 0 lbf

tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*0 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*0*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 0 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.
Anchor bolt load (vacuum, corroded + Seismic)
P = -(0,6 - 0,14*SDS)*W / N + 48 * M / (N*BC)
= -(0,6 - 0,14*0,208)*141 254,34 / 8 + 48 * 99 859,8 / (8*124,75)
= -5 277,03 lbf
The anchor bolts are satisfactory (no net uplift on anchor bolt)
Foundation bearing stress (vacuum, corroded + Seismic)
Ac = *(Do2 - Di2) / 4 - N**db2 / 4
= *(1302 - 1182) / 4 - 8**1,1252 / 4
= 2 329,3928 in2
Ic = *(Do4 - Di4) / 64
= *(1304 - 1184) / 64
= 4 502 895 in4
fc = N*Ab*Preload / Ac + (1 + 0,14*SDS)*W / Ac + 6*M*Do / Ic
= 8*0,302*0 / 2 329,3928 + (1 + 0,14*0,208)*141 254,34 / 2 329,3928 + 6*99 859,8*130 / 4 502 895
= 80 psi
As fc <= 1 658 psi the base plate width is satisfactory.
Base plate required thickness (vacuum, corroded + Seismic)
From Brownell & Young, Table 10.3:, l / b = 0,105
Mx = 0,0025*80*44,23922 = 383,7 lbf
My = -0,4773*80*4,6452 = -820,8 lbf
tr = (6*Mmax / Sp)0,5
= (6*820,84 / 20 000)0,5
= 0,4962 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Base plate bolt load (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.13, vacuum, corroded + Seismic)

129/142

Bolt load = Ab*fs =0,302*0 = 0 lbf

tr= (3,91*F / (Sy*(2*b / w+w / (2*l)-db*(2 / w+1 / (2*l)))))0,5
= (3,91*0 / (36 000*(2*4,645 / 4+4 / (2*2,02)-1,125*(2 / 4+1 / (2*2,02)))))0,5
= 0 in
The base plate thickness is satisfactory.
Check skirt for gusset reaction (Jawad & Farr eq. 12.14)
Sr = 1,5*F*b / (gussets**tsk2*h)
= 1,5*0*4,645 / (2**0,252*4,75)
= 0 psi
As Sr <= 25 050 psi the skirt thickness is adequate to resist the gusset reaction.

130/142

Welded Cover #1
ASME Section VIII Division 1, 2013 Edition
Component

Welded Cover

Configuration

Figure UG-34 Sketch (b-1)

Material

SA-240 316L (II-D p. 74, ln. 9)

Attached To

Cylinder #4

Impact
Tested

Normalized

Fine Grain
Practice

PWHT

Optimize MDMT/
Find MAWP

No

No

No

No

No

Design
Design
Pressure (psi) Temperature (F)
Internal

0,01

100

External

0,01

100

Design
MDMT (F)
-20

Static Liquid Head

Condition

Ps (psi)

Hs (in)

SG

Operating

12,05

222,5349

1,5

Test horizontal

6,85

126,4175

1,5

Dimensions
Inner Diameter

120"

Nominal Thickness

1,625"

Inside corner radius r

4,125"

Corrosion

Inner

0"

Outer

0"
Weight and Capacity
Weight (lb)

Capacity (US gal)

New

5 093,23

196,09

Corroded

5 093,23

196,09

Radiography
Category A joints

None UW-11(c) Type 1

Head to shell seam

None UW-11(c) Type 1

131/142

Results Summary
Governing condition

internal pressure

Minimum thickness per UG-16

0,0625" + 0" = 0,0625"

Design thickness due to internal pressure (t)

1,5891"

Design thickness due to external pressure (te)

0,0458"

Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP)

0,56 psi

Maximum allowable pressure (MAP)

12,61 psi

Maximum allowable external pressure (MAEP)

12,61 psi

Rated MDMT

-320F

UHA-51 Material Toughness Requirements

Rated MDMT per UHA-51(d)(1)(a), (carbon content does not exceed 0,10%) = -320F
Material is exempt from impact testing at the Design MDMT of -20F.
Factor C from Fig. UG-34, sketch (b-1)
Factor C = 0,17
Design thickness, (at 100 F) UG-34 (c)(2)
t

=
=
=

d*Sqr(C*P / (S*E)) + Corrosion

120*Sqr(0,17*12,06 / (16 700*0,7)) + 0
1,5891"

Maximum allowable working pressure, (at 100 F )

MAWP =
=
=

(S*E / C)*(t / d)2 - Ps

(16 700*0,7 / 0,17)*(1,625 / 120)2 - 12,05
0,56 psi

Maximum allowable pressure, (At 70 F )

MAP

=
=
=

(S*E / C)*(t / d)2

(16 700*0,7 / 0,17)*(1,625 / 120)2
12,61 psi

Design thickness for external pressure, (at 100 F) UG-34(c)(2)

t

=
=
=

d*Sqr(C*Pe / (S*E)) + Corrosion

120*Sqr(0,17*0,01 / (16 700*0,7)) + 0
0,0458"

Maximum allowable external pressure, (At 100 F )

MAEP

=
=
=

(S*E / C)*(t / d)2

(16 700*0,7 / 0,17)*(1,625 / 120)2
12,61 psi

132/142

Seismic Code

Building Code: ASCE 7-10 ground supported

Site Class

Importance Factor, Ie

1,0000

Spectral Response Acceleration at short

period (% g), Ss

26,00%

Spectral Response Acceleration at period of

6,50%
1 sec (% g), S1
Response Modification Coeficient from
Table 15.4-2, R

3,0000

Acceleration-based Site Coefficient, Fa

1,2000

Velocity-based Site Coefficient, Fv

1,7000

Long-period Transition Period, TL

12,0000

Redundancy factor,

1,0000

Risk Category (Table 1.5-1)

II

User Defined Vertical Accelerations

Considered

No

Vessel Characteristics
Height

21,4596 ft

Operating, Corroded 141 254 lb

Weight

Empty, Corroded 9 947 lb

Vacuum, Corroded 141 254 lb
Period of Vibration Calculation
Operating, Corroded 0,084 sec (f = 12,0 Hz)

Fundamental Period, T

Empty, Corroded 0,013 sec (f = 77,7 Hz)

Vacuum, Corroded 0,084 sec (f = 12,0 Hz)

The fundamental period of vibration T (above) is calculated using the Rayleigh method of approximation
T = 2 * PI * Sqr( {Sum(Wi * yi2 )} / {g * Sum(Wi * yi )} ), where
Wi is the weight of the ith lumped mass, and
yi is its deflection when the system is treated as a cantilever beam.

133/142

12.4.2.3 Basic Load Combinations for Allowable Stress Design

Load combinations considered in accordance with ASCE section
2.4.1:
5.

D + P + Ps + 0.7E

= (1.0 + 0.14SDS)D + P + Ps + 0.7QE

8.

0.6D + P + Ps + 0.7E

= (0.6 - 0.14SDS)D + P + Ps + 0.7QE

Parameter description
D

= Dead load

= Internal or external pressure load

Ps = Static head load

E

= Seismic load

= Eh +/- Ev

= QE +/- 0.2SDSD

Seismic Shear Reports:

Operating, Corroded
Empty, Corroded
Vacuum, Corroded
Base Shear Calculations
Seismic Shear Report: Operating, Corroded
Elevation of Bottom
above Base (in)

Elastic Modulus E
(106 psi)

Inertia I
(ft4)

Seismic Shear at
Bottom (lb f)

Bending Moment at
Bottom (lb f-ft)

F&D Head #1

234

28,1

847

619

Cylinder #1

183

28,1

3,4451

3 192

9 404

Component

Cylinder #2

135

28,1

3,4451

4 875

25 706

Cylinder #3

87

28,1

3,4451

6 049

47 724

Cylinder #4 (top)

40

28,1

3,4451

6 723

77 057

Support Skirt #1

28,1

8,276

6 856

99 860

Cylinder #4 (bottom)

40

28,1

3,4451

125

36

Welded Cover #1

39

28,1

497,7822

116

26

*Moment of Inertia I varies over the length of the component

134/142

Seismic Shear Report: Empty, Corroded

Elevation of Bottom
above Base (in)

Elastic Modulus E
(106 psi)

Inertia I
(ft4)

Seismic Shear at
Bottom (lb f)

Bending Moment at
Bottom (lb f-ft)

F&D Head #1

234

28,3

67

67

Cylinder #1

183

28,3

3,4451

143

520

Cylinder #2

135

28,3

3,4451

197

1 205

Cylinder #3

87

28,3

3,4451

235

2 075

Cylinder #4 (top)

40

28,3

3,4451

282

7 250

Support Skirt #1

28,3

8,276

434

8 630

Cylinder #4 (bottom)

40

28,3

3,4451

139

45

Welded Cover #1

39

28,3

497,7822

138

34

Component

*Moment of Inertia I varies over the length of the component

Seismic Shear Report: Vacuum, Corroded

Elevation of Bottom
above Base (in)

Elastic Modulus E
(106 psi)

Inertia I
(ft4)

Seismic Shear at
Bottom (lb f)

Bending Moment at
Bottom (lb f-ft)

F&D Head #1

234

28,1

847

619

Cylinder #1

183

28,1

3,4451

3 192

9 404

Component

Cylinder #2

135

28,1

3,4451

4 875

25 706

Cylinder #3

87

28,1

3,4451

6 049

47 724

Cylinder #4 (top)

40

28,1

3,4451

6 723

77 057

Support Skirt #1

28,1

8,276

6 856

99 860

Cylinder #4 (bottom)

40

28,1

3,4451

125

36

Welded Cover #1

39

28,1

497,7822

116

26

*Moment of Inertia I varies over the length of the component

11.4.3: Maximum considered earthquake spectral response acceleration

The maximum considered earthquake spectral response acceleration at short period, SMS
SMS = Fa * Ss = 1,2000 * 26,00 / 100 = 0,3120
The maximum considered earthquake spectral response acceleration at 1 s period, SM1
SM1 = Fv * S1 = 1,7000 * 6,50 / 100 = 0,1105

11.4.4: Design spectral response acceleration parameters

Design earthquake spectral response acceleration at short period, SDS
SDS = 2 / 3 * SMS = 2 / 3 * 0,3120 = 0,2080
Design earthquake spectral response acceleration at 1 s period, SD1
SD1 = 2 / 3 * SM1 = 2 / 3 * 0,1105 = 0,0737

11.6 Seismic Design Category

The Risk Category is II.
From Table 11.6-1, the Seismic Design Category based on SDs = 0,2080 is B.
From Table 11.6-2, the Seismic Design Category based on SD1 = 0,0737 is B.
This vessel is assigned to Seismic Design Category B.

12.4.2.3: Seismic Load Combinations: Vertical Term

135/142

Factor is applied to dead load.

Compressive Side: = 1.0 + 0.14 * SDS
= 1.0 + 0.14 * 0,2080
= 1,0291
Tensile Side:
= 0.6 - 0.14 * SDS
= 0.6 - 0.14 * 0,2080
= 0,5709

Base Shear Calculations

Operating, Corroded
Empty, Corroded
Vacuum, Corroded

Base Shear Calculations: Operating, Corroded

Paragraph 15.4.4: Period Determination
Fundamental Period is taken from the Rayleigh method listed previously in this report.
T = 0,0836 sec.
12.8.1: Calculation of Seismic Response Coefficient
Cs is the value computed below, bounded by CsMin and CsMax:
CsMin is calculated with equation 15.4-1 and shall not be less than 0.03; in addition, if S1 >= 0.6g, CsMin shall not be
less than eqn 15.4-2.
CsMax calculated with 12.8-3 because (T = 0,0836) <= (TL = 12,0000)
Cs = SDS / (R / Ie) = 0,2080 / (3,0000 / 1,0000) = 0,0693
CsMin = max ( 0.044 * SDS * Ie , 0.03 )
= max ( 0.044 * 0,2080 * 1,0000 , 0.03 )
CsMax = SD1 / (T * (R / Ie))
= 0,0737 / (0,0836 * (3,0000 / 1,0000)) = 0,2937

= 0,0300

Cs = 0,0693
12.8.1: Calculation of Base Shear
V = Cs * W
= 0,0693 * 141 254,3438
= 9 793,63 lb
12.4.2.1 Seismic Load Combinations: Horizontal Seismic Load Effect, Eh
QE = V
Eh = 0.7 * * QE (Only 70% of seismic load considered as per Section 2.4.1)
= 0,70 * 1,0000 * 9 793,63
= 6 855,54 lb

136/142

Base Shear Calculations: Empty, Corroded

Paragraph 15.4.2: T < 0,06, so:
V = 0,30 * SDS * W * Ie
= 0,30 * 0,2080 * 9 946,8330 * 1,0000
= 620,68 lb
12.4.2.1 Seismic Load Combinations: Horizontal Seismic Load Effect, Eh
QE = V
Eh = 0.7 * * QE (Only 70% of seismic load considered as per Section 2.4.1)
= 0,70 * 1,0000 * 620,68
= 434,48 lb
Base Shear Calculations: Vacuum, Corroded
Paragraph 15.4.4: Period Determination
Fundamental Period is taken from the Rayleigh method listed previously in this report.
T = 0,0836 sec.
12.8.1: Calculation of Seismic Response Coefficient
Cs is the value computed below, bounded by CsMin and CsMax:
CsMin is calculated with equation 15.4-1 and shall not be less than 0.03; in addition, if S1 >= 0.6g, CsMin shall not be
less than eqn 15.4-2.
CsMax calculated with 12.8-3 because (T = 0,0836) <= (TL = 12,0000)
Cs = SDS / (R / Ie) = 0,2080 / (3,0000 / 1,0000) = 0,0693
CsMin = max ( 0.044 * SDS * Ie , 0.03 )
= max ( 0.044 * 0,2080 * 1,0000 , 0.03 )
CsMax = SD1 / (T * (R / Ie))
= 0,0737 / (0,0836 * (3,0000 / 1,0000)) = 0,2937

= 0,0300

Cs = 0,0693
12.8.1: Calculation of Base Shear
V = Cs * W
= 0,0693 * 141 254,3438
= 9 793,63 lb
12.4.2.1 Seismic Load Combinations: Horizontal Seismic Load Effect, Eh
QE = V
Eh = 0.7 * * QE (Only 70% of seismic load considered as per Section 2.4.1)
= 0,70 * 1,0000 * 9 793,63
= 6 855,54 lb

137/142

Wind Code
Building Code: ASCE 7-10
Elevation of base above grade

0,0000 ft

Increase effective outer diameter by

0,0000 ft

Wind Force Coefficient, Cf

0,5100

Risk Category (Table 1.5-1)

II

Basic Wind Speed, V

115,0000 mph

Exposure category

Wind Directionality Factor, Kd

0,9500

Topographic Factor, Kzt

1,0000

Enforce min. loading of 16 psf

Yes

Vessel Characteristics
Height, h
Minimum Diameter, b

21,4596 ft
Operating, Corroded 10,0175 ft
Empty, Corroded 10,0175 ft
Operating, Corroded 11,9624 Hz

Fundamental Frequency, n1

Empty, Corroded 77,7439 Hz

Vacuum, Corroded 11,9624 Hz
Operating, Corroded 0,0249

Damping coefficient,

Empty, Corroded 0,0200

Vacuum, Corroded 0,0249

Table Lookup Values

2.4.1 Basic Load Combinations for Allowable Stress Design

Load combinations considered in accordance with ASCE
section 2.4.1:
5.

D + P + Ps + 0.6W

7.

0.6D + P + Ps + 0.6W
Parameter Description

= Dead load

= Internal or external pressure load

Ps

= Static head load

= Wind load

138/142

Wind Deflection Reports:

Operating, Corroded
Empty, Corroded
Vacuum, Corroded
Wind Pressure Calculations
Wind Deflection Report: Operating, Corroded
Platform
Wind Shear at
Bottom (lb f)

Total Wind
Shear at
Bottom (lb f)

Bending
Moment at
Bottom (lb f-ft)

Elevation of
Bottom above
Base (in)

Effective OD
(ft)

Elastic Modulus
E (106 psi)

F&D Head #1

234

10,02

28,1

146

119

0,0017

Cylinder #1

183

10,02

28,1

3,445

555

1 608

0,0014

Cylinder #2

135

10,02

28,1

3,445

939

4 595

0,001

Component

Inertia
I (ft4)

Deflection
at Top (in)

Cylinder #3

87

10,02

28,1

3,445

1 324

9 122

0,0006

Cylinder #4 (top)

40

10,02

28,1

3,445

1 701

19 215

0,0003

Support Skirt #1

10,06

28,1

8,276

2 023

25 421

Cylinder #4 (bottom)

40

10,06

28,1

3,445

Welded Cover #1

39

10,04

28,1

497,8

0,0001

Total Wind
Shear at
Bottom (lb f)

Bending
Moment at
Bottom (lb f-ft)

Deflection
at Top (in)

*Moment of Inertia I varies over the length of the component

Wind Deflection Report: Empty, Corroded

Platform
Wind Shear at
Bottom (lb f)

Elevation of
Bottom above
Base (in)

Effective OD
(ft)

Elastic Modulus
E (106 psi)

F&D Head #1

234

10,02

28,3

146

119

0,0016

Cylinder #1

183

10,02

28,3

3,445

555

1 608

0,0014

Cylinder #2

135

10,02

28,3

3,445

939

4 595

0,001

Component

Inertia
I (ft4)

Cylinder #3

87

10,02

28,3

3,445

1 324

9 122

0,0006

Cylinder #4 (top)

40

10,02

28,3

3,445

1 701

19 215

0,0003

Support Skirt #1

10,06

28,3

8,276

2 023

25 421

Cylinder #4 (bottom)

40

10,06

28,3

3,445

Welded Cover #1

39

10,04

28,3

497,8

0,0001

*Moment of Inertia I varies over the length of the component

139/142

Wind Deflection Report: Vacuum, Corroded

Platform
Wind Shear at
Bottom (lb f)

Total Wind
Shear at
Bottom (lb f)

Bending
Moment at
Bottom (lb f-ft)

Elevation of
Bottom above
Base (in)

Effective OD
(ft)

Elastic Modulus
E (106 psi)

F&D Head #1

234

10,02

28,1

146

119

0,0017

Cylinder #1

183

10,02

28,1

3,445

555

1 608

0,0014

Cylinder #2

135

10,02

28,1

3,445

939

4 595

0,001

Component

Inertia
I (ft4)

Deflection
at Top (in)

Cylinder #3

87

10,02

28,1

3,445

1 324

9 122

0,0006

Cylinder #4 (top)

40

10,02

28,1

3,445

1 701

19 215

0,0003

Support Skirt #1

10,06

28,1

8,276

2 023

25 421

Cylinder #4 (bottom)

40

10,06

28,1

3,445

Welded Cover #1

39

10,04

28,1

497,8

0,0001

*Moment of Inertia I varies over the length of the component

Wind Pressure (WP) Calculations

Gust Factor (G) Calculations
Kz = 2,01 * (Z/Zg)2/
= 2,01 * (Z/1 200,0000)0,2857
qz = 0,00256 * Kz * Kzt * Kd * V2
= 0,00256 * Kz * 1,0000 * 0,9500 * 115,00002
= 32,1632 * Kz
WP = 0.6 * qz * G * Cf (Minimum 16 lb/ft2)
= 0.6 * qz * G * 0,5100 (Minimum 16 lb/ft2)
Design Wind Pressures
Height Z
(')

Kz

qz
(psf)

WP (psf)
Operating Empty Hydrotest New Hydrotest Corroded Vacuum

15,0

0,5747 18,48

9,60

9,60

N.A.

N.A.

9,60

20,0

0,6240 20,07

9,60

9,60

N.A.

N.A.

9,60

25,0

0,6650 21,39

9,60

9,60

N.A.

N.A.

9,60

Design Wind Force determined from: F = Pressure * Af , where Af is the projected area.
Gust Factor Calculations
Operating, Corroded
Empty, Corroded
Vacuum, Corroded

Gust Factor Calculations: Operating, Corroded

Vessel is considered a rigid structure as n1 = 11,9624 Hz 1 Hz.

z = max ( 0,60 * h , zmin )

= max ( 0,60 * 21,4596 , 30,0000 )
= 30,0000

140/142

Iz = c * (33 / z)1/6
= 0,3000 * (33 / 30,0000)1/6
= 0,3048
Lz = l * (z / 33)ep
= 320,0000 * (30,0000 / 33)0,3333
= 309,9934
Q = Sqr(1 / (1 + 0,63 * ((b + h) / Lz)0,63))
= Sqr(1 / (1 + 0,63 * ((10,0175 + 21,4596) / 309,9934)0,63))
= 0,9329
G = 0.925 * (1 + 1.7 * gQ * Iz * Q) / (1 + 1.7 * gv * Iz)
= 0.925 * (1 + 1.7 * 3,40* 0,3048 * 0,9329) / (1 + 1.7 * 3,40 * 0,3048)
= 0,8854
Gust Factor Calculations: Empty, Corroded
Vessel is considered a rigid structure as n1 = 77,7439 Hz 1 Hz.

z = max ( 0,60 * h , zmin )

= max ( 0,60 * 21,4596 , 30,0000 )
= 30,0000
Iz = c * (33 / z)1/6
= 0,3000 * (33 / 30,0000)1/6
= 0,3048
Lz = l * (z / 33)ep
= 320,0000 * (30,0000 / 33)0,3333
= 309,9934
Q = Sqr(1 / (1 + 0,63 * ((b + h) / Lz)0,63))
= Sqr(1 / (1 + 0,63 * ((10,0175 + 21,4596) / 309,9934)0,63))
= 0,9329
G = 0.925 * (1 + 1.7 * gQ * Iz * Q) / (1 + 1.7 * gv * Iz)
= 0.925 * (1 + 1.7 * 3,40* 0,3048 * 0,9329) / (1 + 1.7 * 3,40 * 0,3048)
= 0,8854
Gust Factor Calculations: Vacuum, Corroded
Vessel is considered a rigid structure as n1 = 11,9624 Hz 1 Hz.

z = max ( 0,60 * h , zmin )

= max ( 0,60 * 21,4596 , 30,0000 )
= 30,0000
Iz = c * (33 / z)1/6
= 0,3000 * (33 / 30,0000)1/6
= 0,3048
Lz = l * (z / 33)ep
= 320,0000 * (30,0000 / 33)0,3333
= 309,9934
Q = Sqr(1 / (1 + 0,63 * ((b + h) / Lz)0,63))

141/142

= Sqr(1 / (1 + 0,63 * ((10,0175 + 21,4596) / 309,9934)0,63))

= 0,9329
G = 0.925 * (1 + 1.7 * gQ * Iz * Q) / (1 + 1.7 * gv * Iz)
= 0.925 * (1 + 1.7 * 3,40* 0,3048 * 0,9329) / (1 + 1.7 * 3,40 * 0,3048)
= 0,8854
Table Lookup Values
= 7,0000, zg = 1 200,0000 ft

[Table 26.9-1, page

256]

c = 0,3000, l = 320,0000, ep = 0,3333

[Table 26.9-1, page

256]

a = 0,2500, b = 0,4500

[Table 26.9-1, page

256]

zmin = 30,0000 ft

[Table 26.9-1, page

256]

gQ = 3,40

[26.9.4 page 254]

gv = 3,40

[26.9.4 page 254]

142/142