Introduction to
Database System
Chittaranjan Pradhan
Database Management
System 1
Introduction to Database System
Data & Information
Limitations of
File-Processing
Systems
Database
DBMS
Database Types
Advantages of DBMS
over File System
Chittaranjan Pradhan
School of Computer Engineering,
KIIT University
1.1
Data & Information
Introduction to
Database System
Chittaranjan Pradhan
Data & Information
Limitations of
File-Processing
Systems
Data
Raw facts, unprocessed facts
Refers to what is actually stored
Information
Result of processing raw data
Refers to meaning of the data, understood by the user
Database
DBMS
Database Types
Advantages of DBMS
over File System
Data management focuses on the generation, storage &
retrieval of data
1.2
Limitations of File-Processing Systems
Introduction to
Database System
Chittaranjan Pradhan
Data & Information
Limitations of
File-Processing
Systems
Database
DBMS
Database Types
Advantages of DBMS
over File System
Redundancy problem
Repetitive data
Data-inconsistency problem
Incorrectness of data
Lack of data integration
Complex and time consuming
1.3
Introduction to
Database System
Database
Chittaranjan Pradhan
Database is a collection of interrelated data
Database is a shared, integrated computer structure that
stores:
End- user data: raw facts of interest to the end-user
Meta data: through which the end-user data are integrated
& managed. The metadata provides a description of the
data characteristics and the set of relationships that link the
data found within the database
Data & Information
Limitations of
File-Processing
Systems
Database
DBMS
Database Types
Advantages of DBMS
over File System
Database is an organized collection of data of an
organization or enterprise
1.4
DBMS
Introduction to
Database System
Chittaranjan Pradhan
DBMS (Database Management System) is a collection of
programs that manages structure & controls access to the
data stored in the database
It includes tools to add, modify or delete data from the
database, ask questions (or queries) about the data stored
in the database and produce reports
DBMS serves as the intermediary between the user & the
Data & Information
Limitations of
File-Processing
Systems
Database
DBMS
Database Types
Advantages of DBMS
over File System
database
1.5
Database Types
Introduction to
Database System
Chittaranjan Pradhan
Depending on the number of users accessing the
database, a database system may be classified as:
Single-user database system: It supports only one user at
a time. When a single-user database runs on a personal
computer, it is also called a desktop database system
Multi-user database system: It supports multiple users at
the same time. When a multi-user database supports
relatively small number of users, it is called as a workgroup
database system. If the database is used by many users
across globe, it is known as enterprise database system
Data & Information
Limitations of
File-Processing
Systems
Database
DBMS
Database Types
Advantages of DBMS
over File System
Depending on the location of the database, a database
system may be classified as:
Centralized database system: It supports data located at
a single site or single place
Distributed database system: It supports data distributed
across several different sites. Here, the same database can
be replicated and stored in another computer so that when
ever the original server goes down; the data can be
available to the user from the replicated data from other
servers
1.6
Advantages of DBMS over File System
Introduction to
Database System
Chittaranjan Pradhan
Data & Information
Controlling Redundancy & Inconsistency
Allows Data Sharing
Limitations of
File-Processing
Systems
Database
DBMS
Restricting Unauthorized Access
Database Types
Providing Storage Structures for efficient query processing
Advantages of DBMS
over File System
Providing Backup & Recovery
Providing multiple user interfaces
Enforcing Integrity Constraints
Solving data isolation
Providing economies of scaling
1.7
