i.

: t u+ j_
I
I
Contents I
Overview of the course vi
I
I
I
I
I
\l I
I
I
I
I
i
I
I
I
I
I
I
ffir*Hrlmg up I
Unit E$ Chitdhoodmemories Poems I
Us?it I g " Growing up in another culture Personal profiles I
#s?E* i? Giftedchildren Newspaper artictres
i
I
' .: '.. ti. t..,- ''
. ,'',.t..t-.,. ,,'. .1; .

I
I
I
I
I
t
Ask and answer questions
about these Pictures'

2
I

Preview ftil#:tp#'i:,:flLLs
l. There are
sCctiorl. Find the main texts
chart. and complete this

Unit I
Unit 2
Unir j

Read these captions. With your

partner, match each caption
r' don't need a perfe* body to with a picture.
be an athrete. Many disabred
;:: peopre play sports,
t

o
ilonr.yr:'J: *':lffiJ::Jl::otooo.i ""0 r' rh-eir bikes are verv srons, rasr, and
c'
soccer's worrd
3J:"1:: n?f.ffiffiffi;;:jch cup than any other sporting

I1'hich picture matches each

unit? Tell your partner.
-

'l

I
I

I
I
I
I

i
I
t
I
I
In 20 A2, a busine-ssman
ilo,ter't the th'Il ::l:^-, F
I
ffi?;;rt" rsz0world" I
over I
I
CuP- He Paid
$25o,ooo! T

T
Think about it
t
I. Read these statements. Check ({l your opinion.
T

I
a. Soccer is a boring g;une.
b. Socce{ is not a game for womerl.
fr r
Agree Disagree

rn nn
I
I
c. soccer is more like a business than a sport. I
d. It can be dangerous to go to a soccer match. u n I
e. soccer players earn too much money. n f I
2- rvlake a group and compare your opinions.
t
t
4
I
I
 iI

Vocab u |ary s ki | |s: Word groups

ffi
pj .'I;,&.$,"rgg.ifi.11
I. Read this tert.
The historl, of soccer
S :;;;: began in china around
2soo B.c. peopre played u,uutt gu*e
rJ:e emperor's birthday. The modern to celebrate
game of soccer began in rngrand
1800s' Howeve[, it was very differ..rith"., in the
from soccer today. sometimes
p,a1'ers picked up the ba'l and ran!
Then in 1g63, the London Footbau
Association made the rules for a_ game
they called '.rsociutioo football.. players
'il-ere no longer allowed to use their hands. people
'assoc.,, Finally, ,assoco called football
osoccer.o
became "r*tution
a British sailors took soccer to the rest of Europe
soccer matches were soon being played
and to South America and Asia.
uro""a rrt. ;ffi;193o, the world,s
greatest soccer competition began:
=r the first World Cup in Uruguay.
teams from thirteen .orrrr,ria, took
part in
=r
a Today, soccer is the biggest game in
the worrd. In the 2002 worrd cup,
were teams from 192 countries. It seems
soccer, ,,the
there
nothing can stop the popularity of
beautiful game..
=I
:il 2. Put these places in groups.
It
II Asia China
Countries Continents
England Europe
=I South America
il Uruguay

f, 3' These words are alr connected with

soccer.,Look in the text above.
I Can you complete the missing letters?

r a.co_pe_it_on
b.g_m_
c.pl_y_r
d.m_t_h
e. t__m
t f. b_l_
Predicting
il
l' You are going to read a biography of
I partner,Iook at these words urra t.y
the soccer star pel6. with your
to guess tris story.
u
poor
I greatest
teenager c\ub New 1,282^
york
goals
$? rrr}lion mo'ies
I Brazil sarrtc
ls soccet
World Cup Cosrnos
Peace Award
r International

t 2, Read the text. were your ideas correct?

t
t
E

Sports Heroes Biographies

g
ffi Pel6 (born 1940, Brazil) is often called the greatest
soccer player in the world. His real name is Edson
Arantes do Nascimento. He started playing soccer
when he was a teenager. His family was very poor. He
cleaned shoes for money. In 1956, he played his first
professional game, for Santos Soccer Club. Ttre club
won many national and international competitions.
Pel6 also led the Brazilian.team to three World Cup
wins in L958, L962, and L970. He played a total of
1,363 matches and scoredl,2S2goals. He left soccer
lraL974 but the next year decided to play for an
American team called the New York Cosmos. His salary
was seven million dollars. He was the highest-paid
sports star in the world. His last game was against his
old Santos club. in 1977.

Understandi*g the text

l. Answer these questions.
a. When was Pel€ born?
b. What is his real name?
c. What job did he have as a child?
d. What club did he play for at the end of his career?
e. Find four of Pel6's successes outside of soccer.
1.
2.
3.
4.

2. How old was Pel6 when...

a. he started playing soccer?
b. he received the International Peace Award?
c. he stopped playing soccer in B razll?
d. he went to the U.S.A" to play for the New York Cosmos?
e. he won his second World Cup?

6
 ES

3. Put these events in Pel6's life in the coruect order.

a. .......... :He stopped playrng soccer for the last time.
b. q......... He won his first World Cup.
c. .....1.... He stopped playrng soccer in Brazil. " :

He started playing for Santos Soccer Club.

He started playing soccer in the U.S.A.
He won the Internatiohal Peace Award.
I
Reading skills: Separating fact and opinion p'"Sl'XXP#::'i5l'-!'
€
l. Look again at the biography of Pel6. Which of these statements are facts
and wlich are opinions? Ttrrite F (fact) or O (opinion) next to each
statement.
a. .......... Pel6 is the greatest soccer player in the world'
b. .......... He scored a total of- 1,282 goals-
c. .......... He helped international goodwill and friendship more than any politician.
d. .......... ln L974, he was the highest-paid sports star in the world.
e. .......... PeI6 is Brazilian.
2. Read these statements. write F (fact) or o (opinion) next to each
statement.
a.
Zidane.
b. Soccer clubs pay too much money for their star players.
c. Researclr shows that soccer is the fastest-growing sport in the U-S.A-
d.. Soccer is an interesting game-
e. The first World Cup was played in 1930.

f. Advertisers are taking control of the game.

I
\fford review
Use the words in the box to cornplete this text.
advertisers dubs competitions game popular professional
salaries teems

lVomelt'ssoccer : :: i

Do you tnint,socer is 1a man-s,a;.:..:,.,...,............--"?- Many women don-'t'l

..-:r,.-:, .i::1, .. . - .:... j -
rhink so. In fact,,women's:soccer iS becoming very ,ll ovgr
the world. The first'Women's World Cup was in China in 1991. There were

soccer in the Olyrnpics. Today, women play in international d'

all over the world. Some women play part-time, while others are
€' .........-., . Fortunately, some are beginnin! to
support women's soccer & , too. This brings money to the
sport. Perhaps one day women players will have the same high
that male players enioy.

Talk about it

ffi
1. Do you like soccer? Make notes.

***

I don'r litca eoccerl

I don't like eoccer becauoe
My tavorite e?ofr is
I like thie e?ot'C becauee

2. Iltake a group and compare your answers.

, ^
IT€z
-^a
ACTIYTTY I PAGE AI

I
 E
@ The science of s-ports E
Look at these pictures and read the informatiorr..
E
It seems that every yeaq, athletes get better and better. E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
In the 1990s, the javelin was made How is it possible to improve all the time?
E
heavier. Why? Athletes were
throwing it so far that runners at
well, perhaps science has the answer. F
the other end of the stadium were Canadian SCientists at the University of Calgary
say their new shoe can increase running speed
E
in danger.
by four percent. E
Think about ir
1" How m€rny sports can 3b'
#
#
you think of? F
€al

,6't"tNurEs F
g
g
r
*
!F.

sR
*F
e
iE
F.

*
-5:
*='
#
g
2. Make a group and F
e
compare your lists. :5
g,

t0
 ffi
bcabu lary skills: Using a dictiona ry bJ" **rXr?t{}.,?S?$Io:S.t
Use vour dictionarl- to match each word with the correct definition.
ffi
e rir{i- il1, equipment (n) examine (v) performance (n)
p: s::i-.'e '
j;, rrain 1v) =

a. the necessary tools or clothing you need to do something

b. .aaaaaaaa to practice skills and do exercises to prepare for something
C. how well someone is able to do a particular activity
d.. raaaaaaaa hopeful and contident
e. . r a a a a a a a a a aa a a a a a a the power to do something
f. .... a a a a a a a aaaa a a a a to study something closely

Check the meaning of these words in your dictionary. Then complete the
sentences.

a. You have to be v€rlr :......

b. Sports companies ............. equipment they hope will break world records.
c. A sports
d. People remember the
e. Some
redicting
You .lre going to read a 111aga77,1'.e article called "The fole of science in sports.",
Before you read, guess true (T) or false (F) for each of these statements.

Tlue False
Science is less important in'sport today than in the past. u u
sports science" is a subject you can study at university.
"
u u
C Athletes eat what they want, when they want.
d Athletes should think positively to be winners,
u
l
rT
e S cieiltists can help athletes to improve their performance. n u
Read the text and check your predictions.

tl
€E F
F
ffi Sports Science in Action-lssue 375 33 F
F
F
t
Science is a very important part of t
sports today. In fact, science
controls almost everything in an F
athlete's life, Scientists decide
what athletes should eat and when
F
they should eat. They decide what F
exercises athletes should do and for
how long. Other scientists design
F
better shoes for athletes to wear, or F
better clothing and equipment.
These "sports scientists" are
F
everywhere in modern sports. You
can even study sports science at
F
university !
F
Modern science examines every F
part of an athlete's performance.
Scientists use cameras and
F
advanced equipment to collect lots .F
of information. They use this
information in many ways. First, F
they make an exercise program to
match each athlete's body. They
.F
show each athlete the best way to
More and more athletes are starting
F
'F
use their energy. Second, scientists
use the information to help athletes
to use sports psychologists, t9o.
improve their skill ... and win. These sports scientists help the
athletes train to be mentally fit.
F
Clearly, food is important for
athletes. The food they eat gives
T-hey show athletes how to think
like a winner. In many cases,
F
ttl
them the ene rgy they need to thinking in a positive way can be t-
compete. Athletes have to eat
special food. Sports scientists
the difference between winning and
losing. Sports psychologists are
F
r-
l-
decide exactly what food eaclr now an important part of the large
athlete needs to help them do their group of people that help each
best at their particular sport. athlete to do their very best.
t-
-
F
rF
al
-F l

t2 -H i

l-i
 ffi
lJn,derstanding the text
l. Read these questions and write your answers.
a. lVho wrote the article?
b. What is the name of the magazine?
c. Who helps athletes with their mental training?
d. What do scientists use to study an athlete's performance?

e. How do scientists help athletes choose their food?

2. For each staternent write Yes or No.

a. Sports psychologists are less important now than in the past.
b. Mental fitness is not important
c. Athletes can improve their skill through sports science.
d. There are many people who help athletes do their best.
e. Scientists show athletes the best way to use their energy.
!. Make notes about the article. tlse your notes to tell your partner about
the article.

in sports
Science:
Performance:

food:
-t

Thaining:

t. IVould you like to be a professional athlete? Tell your partner why or

rvhy not.

t3
#
*'=J&ltPJlu'"'i5l'*'f
n /o-
ffi Re ad i n g
l.
s ki |!s : I

Look again at the article "The role of science in sports." Do the words in
den t i fy i n g cohes i o

italics refer to athletes or scientists?

Athletes Scientists
a. when they should eat n u
b. Theyuse this information n u
c. thrymake an exercise program I n
d. the energy theyneed n u
e. to help themdo their best fl u
2. Read these texts. With your partner, decide what each word in italics
refers to.
Fair plaY
?'
Some people think science is too important in sports these days. They say only
b'
the richest countries can PaY for the best equiprnent, so they always win-
c'
Fortunately, sports organizations are starting to listen. Recently, they Stopped
the use of $30,000 "suPerbikes" in competitions.

a. aaaaaaaaaaaat.aaaaaa o""""' tt"tot"' .it"'

b. aaaaaaaaaaa.t.aaaaaaaa'aa"t"
"""o""t""""'

C.

ffi:r#H""1irftlT#to travel a rong way to get to a competiti on. d' rhey

may go to a country where the time is different. This can make them very tired.
Dr. Daniel Cardinali from the University of Buenos Aires developed a solution.
He tested e. his solution on the Argentinean team Boca Juniors when they
played Real Madrid in Tokyo. On the plane from Argentina, the players ate and
f'
stept accord.ing to the time in Tokyo. ie atso gave the players a pill to help
them s\eep. In Tokyo, the players exercised twice a day, from 8:00 a-m. to I l:00
-a.m. and from I:00 p.m. to 4:OO p.m. This was the only time they saw daylight'
This scientific system worked. After just two days, their bodies were set to Tokyo
time {it would normally take ten days)-and they won!
-F
d. aaaaaataaaa.aaaaaaaaaa"""""""""t"t" """t..'

F
e. aaoaaaaaatat.a aaaaaaaaaaaa"t
""""""t"""""ttt'
=
F
f. =
F
I=
P
C
-
I

t4 a-
I
 ffi
Word review
Match each w'ord in italics with a word or phrase that has a similar meaning.
Mal'the best drug win
Er-en- r' athlete wants to be a2' winner. Some athletes take drugs to 3' improve'
their a' performance. One survey of 198 top athletes asked, "Would you take a
drug if 1'ou knew nobody would find out and you would 5'win?" 195 said yes.
In the year 2000, sports organizations started the World Anti-Doping Agency to
fight the problem. Befoie the summer 2000 Olympics, officials 6' examined over
2,i00 athletes and tested them for drug use. As a result, more than fifty athletes
decided not to 7' compete. During the games, nine medal winners were caught.
There is no easy 8' solution to this problem. Today, there is a new race.in
sports-the rac€ between drug developers and drug testers.

a. . . . r . . .. checked e. r.. r... come first

.

b. . ....... champion f. ........ join the competition

Ca ........ sportsperson g. ........ answer
d. c..r.r.o make better h. ........ ability
Talk about it
1. Read these opinions. Check (/) the ones you most agree with.

Science should not be part of sports at all.

It only helps athletes from rich countries.

It's OK for athletes to take drugs.

It's necessary to win.

lf sports scientists can hetp make

sport more exciting,then that's great!

Athletes should not take drugs.

It is wrong.

2. h{ake a group anC compare your answers.

2 Fr -E ,.
@AcrtvtrY

l5
 ffi
Vocab u |ary s ki | |s: An ro nym s /.r-' *=tXroog$LtT?Io?[!""
t. Read this text. Irtatch each word. in italicswith its antonym below. ffi
The Paralgnpics
Did 1'ou know' disabled athletes have a r' special
Ollrnpic Games? Well, we do. They're called the
Para]lTnpics. There are eighteen sports in the
Parallmpics. I went to the 2000 Paralympic
Garnes in Sydney. It was 2' wonderfull Over L.2
million people came to see us. I think it's great
that so many people -take an 7' active part in
disabled sports. And it was so 4' excitingl In just
eleven days, disabled athletes broke 5 ' lnure than
300 world and Paralympic records. I didn't win
any medals, but 6' maybe I will next tirne!

a. boring c. ,......... fewer e........... passlve

b. definitely d. .......... ordinary f. .......... tgrrible

2. Match each word on the left with its antonym on the right.
a. better powerless
b. easier old
c. forward backward
d. new well
e. powerful harder
f. quicker add
g. remove different
h. same worse
i. sick slower
j. stronger weaker

Predicting
1. You are going to read an interview with a rnan who lost his legs while
rnountain climbing. However, he can stitl clirnb mountains. Look at the
title and answer these questions.

a. Holv do )'ou think he lost his legs?

b. Horr,-can he still climb mountains?
2. Read the text and check your predictiorls.

l7