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USO05594841A
United States Patent [191
[11]
Patent Number:
Schutz
[45]
Date of Patent:
[54]
5,594,841
Jan. 14, 1997
Brelinski, M. Dolphins Song NVision Gra?x, Inc. Dallas
Texas (1993).
Meilach, Dona Z. Giving Lifelike Dimension to Computer
Graphics with 3~D Stereo Systems. Computer Pictures
llz44~46 (1993).
STEREOGRAM AND METHOD OF
CONSTRUCTING THE SAME
[76] Inventor: Stephen A. Schutz, 7910 Ivanhoe,
Suite 436, LaJolla, Calif. 92037
Slinker et al. The Generation And Animation of Random
Dot And Ramdon Live Autostereograrns, Journal of imag
[21] Appl. No.: 175,054
[22] Filed:
ing Science And Technology, vol. 36, No. 3, May/Jun. 1992,
Dec. 27, 1993
pp. 260-267.
[51]
Int. Cl.6 ................................................... .. G06T 15/00
[52]
[58]
US. Cl. ......................... .. 395/119; 351/203; 359/462
Field of Search ........................... .. 395/119; 351/203;
Primary ExaminerMark K. Zimmerman
Attorney, Agent, or FirmCampbell & Flores
[57]
359/462
[56]
A bare eyed stereogram based on continuous tone, non
random dot art and a process for making the stereogram. A
References Cited
computer implemented process for making the stereogram
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
4,135,502
1/1979
5,204,944
4/1993 Wolberg et a1.
5,371,627
ABSTRACT
uses a computer system having a central processing unit,
memory, storage, a user interface, an edit program and
Peck ..................................... .. 128/765
display means. The art is input to the system in the form of
repeating bands of picture elements in a stereogram base.
12/1994 Baccei et a1. ......................... .. 359/462
The picture elements have assigned information, and depth
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
information as well. Below a threshold value, new informa
Tyler, C. W. et al., The Autostereogram. The Society of
tion is assigned by the method of smear. At or above the
Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). vol.
threshold value, information is provided by a number of
techniques which import the information values of picture
1256: 182197 Feb. (1990).
Games Look, Ma, No Glasses, Apr. 12l5 (1992).
3d Pixelgram by digi-rule, mini-series Seal with a Kiss!
l993Digi-Rule, Inc. Calgery, Canada, 1 page (1993).
elements outside the stereogram base. Preferably some of
the information is color information and the external color
information values are altered to blend with colors in the
Melanie Carr Childern Round the World/East 3D Art, N.
surrounding base. A process for making a stereogram with
wide repeating bands that can be viewed at a distance is
E. Thing Enterprises, Southern Stock, Uniphoto Press Inter
national (1993).
shown. A stepping procedure for creating stereograms and a
method of superimposing multiple stereograms is shown.
Baccei, Tom and Smith, Cheryl N. E. Thing Fabulous 1993
3D Calendar N. E. Thing Enterprises, Cambridge, MA
14 Claims, 25 Drawing Sheets
(1991).
I BEGIN PROCEDURE
4-7
I
INITIALIZE VARIABLES THAT ARE
INTERNAL TO THE PROCDURE
CURTNCR=O
CNTR=O
STARTDF=1XR11
49
I
LOOP FOR EAC H VALUE OF X
FROM X=IXR1 TO IXD-I
[MISCELLANEOUS BOOKKEEPING DETAILS]
54
DEPTH SUMMATION PROCEDURE TO
DETERMINE WHETHER X IS LOCATED
WITH A GAP. IF NOT. THEN
CURINCR=O. IF X IS LOCATED
WITHIN A GAP THEN CURINCR > 0
AND THE VALUE OF CURINCR REPRESENTS
THE NUMBER OF PIXELS REMAINING IN THE GAP.
(NOTE THAT CURINCR VARIES WITH X)
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
g
.
m3 (
Sheet 1 of 25
5,594,841
US. Patent
'Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 2 of 25
5,594,841
2%
2"?
F
[(b)
I
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 3 of 25
5,594,841
55
(a)v3
i
:55
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 4 of 25
5,594,841
F863
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 7 of 25
5,594,841
25
i.
ml
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 8 0f 25
5,594,841
5FI0G).
U.S. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 9 of 25
5,594,841
BEGIN PROCEDURE
71
\ XR=IXR1. PIYL=0, INC=O,
ICURINCR=O,
CNTR=0, STARTDF=
XR1-1
73\_\FOR X=IXR1 TO1 1xo-1
INC=(IFCN (X)-IFCN (x-1))
XR=XR~INC
CURINCR=CURINCR~INC
7s
75
YES
\
CURINCR=0
NO
1 79
77
YES
\
PIXL=1
:1
81
NO
83
\PIXL%=O.
YES
CURINCR%=0.
XSTART7=
xauoz=o
NO,
FIG. 6A
US. Patent
Jan. 14,1997
99
PIXL 70
Sheet 11 of 25
5,594,841
101
103
YES
YES
AND S|ZE1 >=
START =0
XSTART =x
PARAMA1
NO
12:7
XSTART <>
AND PIXL >
CURINCR
1!
XEND =x
NO
1
4
109
XSTART <> 0
AND XEND <>o
YES
AND XEND _
513251?
1x121
111 \
__
FOR XB-XSTART TO XEND
NO
111\IFN$ (xaz) =IFN$ (START%-1)
112
NEXT X8
11 v
A
113
XSTART <> 0
AND XEND <>o
NO
F
AND XEND -
START <=
PARAMAH
1x121
YES
FIG. 6C
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 12 of 25
FOR XF =XSTART TO
115
XEND
/
1
D1 =XF-START ,___/
119
(Iy MOD2)=0
YES
AND (:21) :SD OR D
_\
IFN (X9:
IFN (XSTART-1)
XSTART =1
123
DCIHFERKNTAL
IFN (XF)=
IFN (START-1)
V
D2 = XEND-XFJ125
127
Iy MOD2)=O AND YES
02=o OR 02=2)
[129
IFN (XF)=
IFN (XEND-H XR)
FIG. 6D
5,594,841
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 13 of 25
[133
(Iy MOD2)
<>O AND
IFN (XF)=
IF'N (XEND+1XR)
(02=1 OR D1=3)
AND XEND+1
< IXD-Z
NO
NEXT XF
135
NEXT x J137
END OF PROCEDURE
FIG. 6E
5,594,841
U.S. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 14 0f 25
5,594,841
BEGIN PROCEDURE
+7\
INITIALIZE VARIABLES THAT ARE
INTERNAL TO THE PROCDURE
XR=IXR1
CURINCR=O
CNTR=O
STARTDF=IXR1 I
49\
LOOP FOR EACH VALUE OF X
FROM X=IXR1 TO IXD-1
53
\
I
MISCELLANEOUS BOOKKEEPING
DETAILS
54
v
DEPTH SUMMATION PROCEDURE TO
DETERMINE WHETHER X IS LOCATED
WITH A GAP. IF NOT, THEN
CURINCR=O. IF X IS LOCATED
WITHIN A GAP THEN CURINCR > 0
AND THE VALUE OF CURINCR REPRESENTS
THE NUMBER OF PIXELS REMAINING IN THE GAP.
(NOTE THAT CURINCR VARIES WITH X)
I
FIG. 7A
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 15 of 25
5,594,841
THIS IS THE METHOD
OF SMEAR
63\IFN(X)=IDFN(STARTDF
CNTR=CNTR+1+ CNTR+1)
THIS IS THE METHOD OF SPLICED
COMMISSURE
65\
BOOKKEEPING PROCEDURE FOR KEEPING
TRACK OF THE BEGINNING AND END
OF THE GAP
6 \-APPLICATION OF BLEND TO PIXELS
AT THE BEGINNING AND END OF GAP
IN ORDER TO SOFTEN THE TRANSITION
69\IEND LOOP xl:
Y
[END OF PROCEDURE]
FIG. 7B
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 16 of 25
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US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 17 0f 25
5,594,841
_______
______ __v_
157
T
t
FIG. 8C
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A
01
t1 {
t2{
t3{
D2
D3
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FIG. 80
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 18 0f 25
5,594,841
US. Patent
Jan. 14, 1997
Sheet 19 0f 25
5,594,841
53
