Mumbai
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"Bombay" redirects here. For ther uses, see Bombay (disambiguation).
"Mumbai City" redirects here. For the football club, see Mumbai City FC.
Mumbai
Bombay
Megacity
Clockwise from top: Cuffe Parade skyline, Taj Mahal Palace
Hotel, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, BandraWorli Sea Link, and
the Gateway of India.
Nickname(s): City of Seven Islands, City of Dreams,[1] Gateway to
India, Hollywood of India
Mumbai
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Location of Mumbai in Maharashtra, India
Coordinates:
185830N 724933ECoordinates:
185830N 7
24933E
Country
India
State
Maharashtra
District
Mumbai City
Mumbai Suburban
Official Language
Marathi[2][3]
Native Language
Marathi and Konkani[4]
First settled
1507
Named for
Mumbadevi
Government
Type
MayorCouncil
Body
MCGM
Mayor
Snehal Ambekar[5] (Shiv Sena)
Municipal
Ajoy Mehta[6]
commissioner
Area
Megacity
603 km2 (233 sq mi)
Metro[7]
4,355 km2 (1,681.5 sq mi)
Elevation
14 m (46 ft)
Population (2011)[8]
Megacity
12,442,373
Rank
1st
Density
21,000/km2 (53,000/sq mi)
Metro[9]
18,414,288
20,748,395(Extended UA)
Metro Rank
1st
Demonym(s)
Mumbaikar
Time zone
IST (UTC+5:30)
ZIP code(s)
400 001 to 400 107
Area code(s)
+91-22
Vehicle registration
MH-01 (Central), MH-02 (West), MH-03
(East), MH-47 (North)
Website
www.mcgm.gov.in
Mumbai (/mmba/; also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of
the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India and the ninth most populous
agglomeration in the world, with an estimated city population of 18.4 million. Along with the
neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, it is one of the most populous urban
regions in the world and the second most populous metropolitan area in India, with a population
of 20.7 million as of 2011.[10][11] Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural
harbour. In 2009, Mumbai was named an alpha world city.[12] It is also the wealthiest city in India,
[13]
and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West, or Central Asia.[14] Mumbai has the highest
number of billionaires and millionaires among all cities in India.[15][16]
The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies.
[4]
For centuries, the islands were under the control of successive indigenous empires before
being ceded to the Portuguese and subsequently to the British East India Companywhen in
1661 King Charles II married the Portuguese Catherine of Braganza, and as part of her dowry
Charles received the ports of Tangier and seven islands of Bombay.[17] During the mid-18th
century, Bombay was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project,[18] which undertook reclamation of
the area between the seven islands from the sea. [19] Along with construction of major roads and
railways, the reclamation project, completed in 1845, transformed Bombay into a major seaport
on the Arabian Sea. Bombay in the 19th century was characterised by economic and educational
development. During the early 20th century it became a strong base for the Indian independence
movement. Upon India's independence in 1947 the city was incorporated into Bombay State. In
1960, following the Samyukta Maharashtra movement, a new state of Maharashtra was created
with Bombay as the capital.[20]
Mumbai is the financial, commercial[21] and entertainment capital of India. It is also one of the
world's top ten centres of commerce in terms of global financial flow,[22] generating 6.16% of
India's GDP[23] and accounting for 25% of industrial output, 70% of maritime trade in India
(Mumbai Port Trust and JNPT),[24] and 70% of capital transactions to India's economy.[25][26] The
city houses important financial institutions such as the Reserve Bank of India, the Bombay Stock
Exchange, the National Stock Exchange of India, the SEBI and the corporate headquarters of
numerous Indian companies and multinational corporations. It is also home to some of India's
premier scientific and nuclear institutes like BARC, NPCL, IREL, TIFR, AERB, AECI, and
the Department of Atomic Energy. The city also houses India's Hindi (Bollywood) and Marathi
film and television industry. Mumbai's business opportunities, as well as its potential to offer a
higher standard of living,[27] attract migrants from all over India, making the city a melting pot of
many communities and cultures.
