KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

The compact electric actuator for quarter turn (90) valve operation providing
a torque range from 35 to 4500 Nm

Features
Aluminium housing with ESPC coating
Optimized mounting interface for direct
mounting on top of Keystone valves
Epicyclical gearing for smooth control and
low noise level
Top mounted position indicator (360 degree
visibility)
IP67 and NEMA 4X ingress protection
Thermal overload protection
Clutchless manual override by hand wheel
(except smallest sizes)
Easy accessible quick connect terminal strip
Mechanical travel stops
On/off and modulating duty
Various options i.e. torque switches,
additional voltage free contacts, local control
module,etc.

General application

Technical data

The Keystone F777/778 is a compact

economical actuator that can be used for
various applications. It is particularly suitable
for process applications like HVAC and water
industry because of its torque span and low
energy consumption.

Material:
Torque range:

Ambient
temperature range:

IP rating:
Voltage rating:



Electrical connection:

Certification:

www.pentair.com/valves

aluminium body
andcover
35 to 4,500 Nm
(300 to 40,000 lbin)
-30 to +65C
(-22 to +150F)
IP67 / NEMA 4X
24 V DC / 24 V AC
50/60 Hz
110-120 V AC 50/60Hz (1-phase)
220-240 V AC 50/60Hz (1-phase)
400 V AC
50/60Hz(3-phase)
2x M20 or NPT
cable entry
8-point terminal strip
CE, CSA, RoHs

2014 Pentair plc. All Rights Reserved.

VCTDS-03060-EN 16/06

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

The F777/778 electric actuator is available in three series with different torque values to cover
thewide torque range. In addition there are various flange connections so it can be direct
mounted to the Pentair butterfly valves, which reduces the requirement of brackets and creates
amore compact valve package.
The available series are:
- F777 Keystone Imperial:
- F777 Keystone Metric:
- F778 Keystone ISO:

Keystone shaft and flange - Imperial threading

Keystone shaft and flange Metric threading
Keystone shaft / ISO flange Metric threading

Note: when there is no difference between the F777 and F778 models, the models in
theremainder of this document are referred to as F77x.
Model overview
Model
77x-003
77x-005
77x-008
77x-013
77x-035
77x-044
77x-057
77x-088
77x-130
77x-180
77x-220
77x-265
77x-310
77x-400

Torque
(Nm)
35
50
90
150
400
500
650
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4500

Weight
(lbin)
310
440
800
1320
3540
4420
5750
8850
13280
17700
22130
26560
31000
40000

Notes
F777-014 is identical to F777-013 with larger bore
F777-036 is identical to F777-035 with larger bore
F777-045 is identical to F777-044 with larger bore
F777-058 is identical to F777-057 with larger bore
F777-089 is identical to F777-088 with larger bore

(kg)
2
3
11
11
20
20
20
32
32
71
71
72
72
106

(lb)
5
7
25
25
45
45
45
72
72
158
158
160
160
236

Manual override
Lever
Lever
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel
Hand wheel

F777-181 is identical to F777-180 with larger bore

F778-058 is identical to F778-057 with larger flange
F778-089 is identical to F778-088 with larger flange
F778-131 is identical to F778-130 with larger flange

The F777/778 is available in various voltage ratings, which can be used in 50 and 60 Hz
applications. Table 2 shows an overview of the available voltage ratings and appropriate
strokingspeed.
Stroke speed
Torque
Model
77x-003
77x-005
77x-008
77x-013
77x-035
77x-044
77x-057
77x-088
77x-130
77x-180
77x-220
77x-265
77x-310
77x-400

(Nm)
35
50
90
150
400
500
650
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4500

(lbin)
310
440
800
1320
3540
4420
5750
8850
13280
17700
22130
26560
31000
40000

24 V AC/DC
(s/90)
15
20
15
22
15
20
28
45
45
60
60
60
60
80

120 V AC 60 Hz (s/90)
12
20
12
20
18
25
30
45
45
60
60
60
60
80

Stroke speed
240 V AC / 1 ph 50 Hz (s/90)
12
25
18
25
18
25
30
55
55
70
70
70
70
95

400 V AC / 3ph 50 Hz (s/90)

12
25
18
25
18
25
30
55
55
70
70
70
70
95

400 V AC / 3ph 60 Hz (s/90)

12
20
12
20
18
25
30
45
45
60
60
60
60
80

Speed indication can vary +/- 10%

2

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

PCD

PCD

Insert drive

Insert drive

Models 003 to 014

Models 035 to 400

Valve connection F778 Keystone ISO

Model

Shaft connection (mm)

J
11.0

778-003

H
16.0

Key

Shaft depth
30.0

778-005

16.0

11.0

30.0

778-008
778-013
778-035

20.0
25.0
30.0

14.0
18.0
22.0

30.0
30.0
50.0

778-044

35.0

10.0 x 8.0

70.0

778-057

35.0

10.0 x 8.0

70.0

778-058

35.0

10.0 x 8.0

70.0

778-088

50.0

14.0 x 9.0

70.0

778-089

50.0

14.0 x 9.0

70.0

778-130

50.0

14.0 x 9.0

70.0

778-131

50.0

14.0 x 9.0

70.0

778-180
778-220

60.0
70.0

18.0 x 11.0
20.0 x 12.0

70.0
90.0

778-265

70.0

20.0 x 12.0

90.0

778-310

70.0

20.0 x 12.0

90.0

778-400

70.0

20.0 x 12.0

100.0

PCD
F03
F05
F07
F05
F07
F07
F07
F07
F10
F12
F07
F10
F12
F10
F14
F12
F16
F10
F14
F12
F16
F10
F14
F12
F16
F16
F16
F25
F16
F25
F16
F25
F16
F25

Mounting holes
No x Size x Depth
4x M5 x 10.0
4x M6 x 10.0
4x M8 x 12.0
4x M6 x 10.0
4x M8 x 12.0
4x M8 x 12.0
4x M8 x 12.0
4x M8 x 12.0
4x M10 x 15.0
4x M12 x 19.0
4x M8 x 12.0
4x M10 x 15.0
4x M12 x 19.0
4x M10 x 15.0
4x M16 x 24.0
4x M12 x 19.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M10 x 15.0
4x M16 x 24.0
4x M12 x 19.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M10 x 15.0
4x M16 x 24.0
4x M12 x 19.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M20 x 30.0
8x M16 x 24.0
4x M20 x 30.0
8x M16 x 24.0
4x M20 x 30.0
8x M16 x 24.0
4x M20 x 30.0
8x M16 x 24.0

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

Valve connection F777 Keystone (Imperial)

Model
777-003

H
9/16

Shaft connection (in)

J

Key

777-005
777-008
777-013
777-014

9/16

777-035

777-036

5/16

777-044
777-045
777-057
777-058
777-088

1
1
1
1
1

777-089

Shaft depth
1.26
1.26
1.26
1.26
2.00
2.00

x 5/16

2.00

x
x 5/16
x
5/16 x 5/16
5/16 x 5/16

2.76
2.76
2.76
2.76
2.76

2.76

777-130

2.76

777-131

2.76

777-180
777-181
777-220
777-221
777-265
777-310
777-400

1
2
1
2
2
2
2

x
x
x
x
x
x
x

2.76
2.76
3.54
3.54
3.54
3.54
3.94

5/16

PCD
1.75
3.25
3.25
3.25
3.25
3.25
5.00
3.25
5.00
3.25
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
6.50
5.00
6.50
5.00
6.50
5.00
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.50
10.00

Mounting holes
No x Size x Depth
4x -20 UNC x 0.38
4x -16 UNC x 0.56
4x -16 UNC x 0.56
4x -16 UNC x 0.56
4x -16 UNC x 0.56
4x -16 UNC x 0.56
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -16 UNC x 0.56
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -16 UNC x 0.56
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -13 UNC x 0.63
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
4x -10 UNC x 1.00
8x -13 UNC x 1.00

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

Valve connection F777 Keystone (metric)

H

Shaft connection (mm)

J

777-003

14.3

777-005
777-008
777-013
777-014

14.3
19.1
19.1
22.2

777-035

28.6

6.4 x 6.4

51.0

777-036

34.9

7.9 x 7.9

51.0

777-044
777-045
777-057
777-058
777-088

28.6
34.9
28.6
34.9
34.9

6.4 x 6.4
7.9 x 7.9
6.4 x 6.4
7.9 x 7.9
7.9 x 7.9

70.0
70.0
70.0
70.0
70.0

777-089

41.3

9.5 x 9.5

70.0

777-130

41.3

9.5 x 9.5

70.0

777-131

47.6

12.7 x 9.5

70.0

777-180
777-181
777-220
777-221
777-265
777-310
777-400

47.6
54.0
47.6
54.0
54.0
54.0
73.0

12.7 x 9.5
12.7 x 9.5
12.7 x 9.5
12.7 x 9.5
12.7 x 9.5
12.7 x 9.5
19.1 x 12.7

70.0
70.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
100.0

Model

Shaft depth

PCD

Mounting holes
No x Size x Depth

9.5

32.0

9.5
12.7
12.7
15.9

32.0
32.0
32.0
51.0

44.5
82.5
82.5
82.5
82.5
82.5
127.0
82.5
127.0
82.5
127.0
127.0
127.0
127.0
127.0
127.0
165.0
127.0
165.0
127.0
165.0
127.0
165.0
165.0
165.0
165.0
165.0
165.0
165.0
165.0
254.0

4x M6 x 10.0
4x M6 x 10.0
4x M6 x 13.0
4x M6 x 13.0
4x M6 x 13.0
4x M6 x 13.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M6 x 13.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M6 x 13.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M12 x 16.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M20 x 30.0
4x M20 x 30.0
8x M16 x 24.0

Key

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

A2

A2

B1

B2

B2

B1

B2

A2

A1

Dimensions F777/778

Model
77x-003
77x-005
77x-008
77x-013
77x-035
77x-044
77x-057
77x-088
77x-130
77x-180
77x-220
77x-265
77x-310
77x-400

A1

A1

Length
A
(mm)
133
126
393
393
366
366
366
347
347
451
451
451
451
458

Width
B1
(mm)

234
234
190
190
190
234
234
276
276
276
276
276

B2
(mm)
123
123
291
291
245
245
245
343
343
402
402
402
402
496

Height
C
(mm)
168
213
363
363
306
306
306
440
440
554
554
554
554
581

Length
A
(in)
5.24
4.96
15.47
15.47
14.41
14.41
14.41
13.66
13.66
17.76
17.76
17.76
17.76
18.03

Width
B1
(in)

9.21
9.21
7.48
7.48
7.48
9.21
9.21
10.87
10.87
10.87
10.87
10.87

B2
(in)
4.84
4.84
11.46
11.46
9.65
9.65
9.65
13.50
13.50
15.83
15.83
15.83
15.83
19.53

Height
C
(in)
6.61
8.39
14.29
14.29
12.05
12.05
12.05
17.32
17.32
21.81
21.81
21.81
21.81
22.87

Notes
Following models use the same housing, but have different valve connection dimensions:
F778-014 dimensions are identical to F778-013
F778-036 dimensions are identical to F778-035
F778-045 dimensions are identical to F778-044
F778-058 dimensions are identical to F778-057
F778-089 dimensions are identical to F778-088
F778-131 dimensions are identical to F778-130
F778-181 dimensions are identical to F778-180
F778-221 dimensions are identical to F778-220

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

14

4
13
2
11
1
10
5

12

Materials of construction
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Item
Body
Body O-ring
Cover
Cover bolt
Travel stop bolt
Travel stop nut
Position indicator shaft
Position indicator
Output shaft
Gear
Hand wheel

12
13
14

Hand wheel bolt

Torque shaft
Terminal strip

Material
Aluminium alloy
NBR
Aluminium alloy
Stainless steel
OM2-8-stainless steel
Stainless steel
S45C
ABS765B
S45C/FCD60
Alloy steel
Up to F77x-057 Nylon
From F77x-088: Aluminium
Steel
S45C
PA66

Finish
ESPC
Natural
ESPC
Natural
Natural/Zinc plated
Natural
Zinc plated
Natural
Nickel plated/Phosphate coated
Natural
Natural
ESPC
Zinc plated
Electrodeposition coating
Natural

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

P
P

Tc

Duty cycle S3

Duty cycle S5

Power requirements

Motor power
(W)

Duty cycle
(IEC60034)

77x-003
77x-005
77x-008
77x-013
77x-035
77x-044
77x-057
77x-088
77x-130
77x-180
77x-220
77x-265
77x-310
77x-400

10
10
40
40
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
220
220

S7-75%
S7-75%
S7-75%
S7-75%
S7-75%
S7-75%
S7-75%
S7-75%
S7-75%
S5-50%
S5-50%

Model
77x-003
77x-005
77x-008
77x-013
77x-035
77x-044
77x-057
77x-088
77x-130
77x-180
77x-220
77x-265
77x-310
77x-400

Motor power
(W)
10
10
40
40
80
80
80
120
120
180
180
180
220
220

Duty cycle
(IEC60034)
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%

Model

Model
77x-003
77x-005
77x-008
77x-013
77x-035
77x-044
77x-057
77x-088
77x-130
77x-180
77x-220
77x-265
77x-310
77x-400

Tc

Tc

Motor power
(W)

Duty cycle
(IEC60034)

Run (A)

40
40
80
80
80
120
120
180
180
180
220
220

S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%
S3-30%

0.8
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.9
1.0
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.5
1.5

Run (A)

Duty cycle S7

12V DC/AC
Start (A)

Run (A)

1.1
0.9
4.5
5.0
9.2
9.0
8.5
7.8
8.0
11.0
11.0

1.6
1.6
14.5
14.5
30.0
30.0
30.0
30.0
30.0
26.0
26.0

240V AC - 1 Ph
Start (A)
0.4
0.4
0.8
1.2
2.0
2.0
2.0
4.1
4.4
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.8

Lock (A)
0.4
0.5
0.9
0.9
2.2
2.2
2.2
5.0
5.0
3.6
3.6
3.6
4.8
4.8

1.9
1.3
3.4
4.4
16.1
14.1
12.3

2.0
1.5
5.2
4.9
16.1
13.5
12.5

2.8
2.8
16.5
16.5
33.0
33.0
33.0

25.0

26.0

59.0

28.0

60.0

59.0

1.1
0.8
2.2
2.4
8.5
7.5
7.0
6.8
8.1
8.8
11.8

Run (A)
0.6
0.6
1.0
1.2
1.9
2.0
2.1
3.1
3.3
3.3
4.0
4.5
4.0
4.2

110V AC - 1 Ph
Start (A)
0.6
0.6
1.8
1.8
3.8
3.8
3.8
8.5
9.0
5.8
6.5
3.5
8.0
8.0

Lock (A)
0.7
0.7
1.6
1.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
9.0
9.0
5.9
5.9
5.9
7.5
7.5

Run (A)
0.3
0.3
0.5
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.4
1.6
2.1
2.3
2.5
2.4
2.4

220V AC - 3 Ph
Start (A)

1.4
1.4
1.8
1.8
1.8
2.0
2.4
3.7
3.4
3.5
4.8
4.9

Lock (A)

Run (A)

1.5
1.5
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.6
3.9
3.9
3.9
5.4
5.4

0.4
0.4
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.9
1.0

24V DC/AC
Start (A)

Lock (A)

380V AC - 3 Ph
Start (A)

0.7
0.7
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
2.5

Lock (A)

Run (A)

0.7
0.7
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.4
1.5
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5

0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8

Lock (A)

440V AC - 3 Ph
Start (A)

0.9
0.9
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.2
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.6
2.6

Lock (A)

0.6
0.6
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.4
2.4

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

Options

Modulating controller
The F777/778 can be equipped with a
modulating controller board and control a
valve position from 0-100% based on an analog
input signal. This input signal can be 4-20 mA,
1-5VDC or 2-10 V DC. This option also includes
a position feedback signal either 4-20 mA or
2-10 V DC.

Heater
The heater option increases the internal temperature and avoids internal condensation. It is not
recommended using a heater above 35C (95F) ambient temperature, but with large temperature
deviations between day/night or between summer/winter, the heater in combination with a
thermostat is recommended for these applications.

Additional limit switches

The standard position feedback switches
can be extended with 2 additional switches
providing dry contacts for fully open and close
position. Alternatively they can also be used for
intermediate position indication.

Current position transmitter

For continuous monitoring of valve position,
the current position transmitter can be used.
It provides a feedback signal of 0-20 mA,
4-20 mA, 0-5 V DC, 1-5 V DC, 0-10 V DC, or
2-10 V DC.

Torque switches
In order to reduce the torque applied to the
valve stem, configurable torque switches can
be used. They are available for the model
F777/778-008 onwards, and must be ordered
with the actuator.

Local control module

For safety during maintenance the local control module has a Local/Remote selector switch and
Open/Close buttons for local operation.

Potentiometer
The alternative continuous position monitoring
is using a potentiometer. The potentiometer is
available as 1k or 5k ohm resistance value, and
can be used on on/off actuators only.

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

Selection guide

Example
778
035
24
15
3
X1XXXTXS
1
M
00
M11
Figure number
777 Keystone flange
778 ISO flange
Model/Size
003
035
058
180
310
005
036
088
181
400
008
044
089
221
013
045
130
220
014
057
131
265
Voltage
01 12 V DC
12 120 V AC 1Ph
02 24 V DC
24 240 V AC 1Ph
03 24 V AC 1Ph
40 400 V AC 3Ph
Cycle speed
Check Table for cycle speed per model
Duty cycle
3
30% (standard 120-240 V AC))
5
50%
7
70%
Options (consult sales for possible combinations)
XXXXXXX None (standard)
XXX1XXX Potentiometer 1K ohm
MXXXXXX Modulating controller
XXX2XXX Potentiometer 5K ohm
X1XXXXX Heater 24 V DC
XXXXTXX Torque switches
X2XXXXX Heater 48 V DC
XXXXXLX Local control
X3XXXXX Heater 120 V AC
XXXXXXB 
Switch card with 2 additional limit
switches (USA)
X4XXXXX Heater 240 V AC
XXTXXXX 4-20 mA Current position transmitter
XXXXXXS 2 additional limit switches
IP rating
1
IP67/Nema 4X
Flange threading
M Metric
U
Imperial
Variant
00 Standard
Valve flange
F03 PCD 36 mm (ISO 5211)
M05 F03+F05 (ISO 5211)
U1C PCD 1.75" (Keystone 45)
F05 PCD 50 mm (ISO 5211)
M06 F03+F05+F07 (ISO 5211)
U34 PCD 3.25" (Keystone 45)
F07 PCD 70 mm (ISO 5211)
M07 F05+F07 (ISO 5211)
U50 PCD 5.00" (Keystone 45)
F10 PCD 102 mm (ISO 5211)
M10 F07+F10 (ISO 5211)
U68 PCD 6.50" (Keystone 45)
F12 PCD 125 mm (ISO 5211)
M11 F07+F10+F12 (ISO 5211)
F14 PCD 140 mm (ISO 5211)
M12 F10+F12 (ISO 5211)
C34 PCD 1.75+3.25" (Keystone 45)
F16 PCD 165 mm (ISO 5211)
M14 F10+F14 (ISO 5211)
C50 PCD 3.25+5.00" (Keystone 45)
M16 F12+F16 (ISO 5211)
C68 PCD 5.00+6.50" (Keystone 45)
M25 F16+F25 (ISO 5211)
CA0 PCD 6.50+10.0" (Keystone 45)
Shaft dimension
S11 Star11
D12 DD12 x 8
M35 35K10 x 8
P06 DD" x " (9.53 x 6.35 mm)
U0D Dia 13/16"; K3/16 x 3/16 (20.6K4.78 mm)
S14 Star14
D16 DD16 x 11
M40 40K12.0
P09 DD9/16" x " (14.29 x 9.53 mm)
U10 Dia 1"; K x 3/16" (25.4K6.35 mm)
S17 Star17
D20 DD20 x 14
M44 44K12.0
P0A DD" x 7/16" (15.88 x 11.1 mm)
U11 Dia 1"; K x " (28.6K6.35 mm)
S22 Star22
D25 DD25 x 18
M50 50K14 x 9
P0C DD" x " (19.05 x 12.7 mm)
U16 Dia 1"; K5/16 x 5/16 (34.9K7.94 mm)
S27 Star27
D30 DD30 x 22
M60 60K18 x 11
P0E DD" x " (22.2 x 15.88 mm)
U1A Dia 1"; K x " (41.3K9.53 mm)
S36 Star36
M70 70K20 x 12
U1E Dia 1"; K x " (47.6K12.7 mm)
S46 Star46
M75 75K20 x 12
U24 Dia 2; K x " (57.2K12.7 mm)
S55 Star55
M80 80K22 x 14
U26 Dia 2"; K (63.3 x K15.9 mm)
S75 Star75
M90 90K25
U2C Dia 2"; K" (69.9 x K15.9 mm)
MA0 100K28
U2E Dia 2"; K" (73.0 x K19.1 mm)
U38 Dia 3"; K" (88.9K22.23 mm)

D30

10

KEYSTONE F777/778 ELECTRIC ACTUATORS

11

PENTAIR VALVES & CONTROLS

www.pentair.com/valves

All Pentair trademarks and logos are owned by Pentair plc. All other brand or product names are trademarks or registered marks of their respective owners.
Because we are continuously improving our products and services, Pentair reserves the right to change product designs and specifications without notice.
Pentair is an equal opportunity employer. 2016 Pentair plc. All rights reserved.

12