MARINE GPS APPLICATION
I.Intro.
GPS- is a network of orbiting satellites that send precise details of their position in
space back to earth. The signals are obtained by GPS receivers, such as navigation
devices and are used to calculate the exact position, speed and time at the vehicles
location.
MARINE RADAR- The word "radar" was formed from the first letters of the term
"radio detection and ranging." A radio wave is a type of electromagnetic radiation.
(Microwaves, X-rays, and light waves are other types.) It is the fundamental part of
this form of technology. "Detection," as used here, means finding an object or target
by sending out a radio signal that will bounce back off the target as a radio echo.
"Ranging" means measuring the distance to the target from the radar set (the
device that sends out the radio signal and picks up the returning echo).
The x stands for secret, as the ship radar was mainly a hidden frequency while used for the
purpose of tracking ship during the Second World War.
The s stands for small range in the second type.
Sonar - The word "sonar" comes from the first letters of "sound navigation ranging." Sonar can detect and locate objects
under the sea by echoes, much as porpoises and other marine animals navigate using their natural sonar systems.
DGPS- provides much higher precision and increased safety in its coverage
areas for maritime operations.
-uses a network of fixed, ground-based reference stations to broadcast the difference between the positions
indicated by the GPS satellite systems and the known fixed positions.
- is essentially a system to provide positional corrections to GPSsignals.
PSEUDO MEANS UNREAL,FALSE,PRETENTED
II. APPLICATION
Governments and industrial organizations around the world are working
together to develop performance standards for Electronic Chart Display and
Information Systems, which use GPS and/or DGPS for positioning
information. GPS is playing an increasingly important role in the
management of maritime port facilities. GPS technology, coupled with
geographic information system (GIS) software, is key to the efficient
management and operation of automated container placement in the world's
largest port facilities. GPS facilitates the automation of the pick-up,
transfer, and placement process of containers by tracking them from port
entry to exit. With millions of container shipments being placed in port
terminals annually, GPS has greatly reduced the number of lost or
misdirected containers and lowered associated operation costs.
GPS information is embedded within a system known as the Automatic
Identification System (AIS) transmission.
AIS
Information provided by AIS equipment, such as unique identification, position, course, and speed, can be
Electronic Chart Display and
displayed on a screen or
Information System
VHF-refers to the radio frequency range between 156.0 and 174 MHz, inclusive
CONCLUSION.
Governments and industrial organizations around the world are working
together to develop performance standards for Electronic Chart Display and
Information Systems, which use GPS and/or DGPS for positioning
information.
AIS uses a transponder system that operates in the VHF maritime band and is
capable of communicating ship to ship as well as ship to shore, transmitting
information relating to ship identification, geographic location, vessel type,
and cargo information -- all on a real-time, wholly automated basis. Because
the ship's GPS position is embedded in these transmissions, all essential
information about vessel movements and contents can be uploaded
automatically to electronic charts. The safety and security of vessels using
this system is significantly enhanced.
Finally, with the modernization of GPS, mariners can look forward to even
better service. In addition to the current GPS civilian service, the United
States is committed to implementing two additional civilian signals. Access
to the new signals will mean increased accuracy, more availability, and
better integrity for all users.
