University of Baghdad
Al- kindy College of medicine
Department of Microbiology
Final examination in Parasitology (2011-2012)
(Time allowed: 3 hours)
QI) - Fill in the blanks: (20 marks)
1- Rupture of hydatid cyst is very dangerous because -----------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------.
2- Method of infection of Hymenolepis nana are ---------------------------and ---------
-----------------------------------------.
3- The parasitic protozoa which manifested clinically by leucorrhea is --------------
-------------------------------------------------------.
4- The treatment of choice for Schistosoma mansoni is ---------------
and for Fasciola hepatica is --------------------------------------------.
5- Domestic dogs become infected with Echinococcus granulosus by -----------------
-------------------------------------------------.
6- Cysticercosis take place by -----------------------------and -------------------------.
7- Tapeworm parasite common in children are ------------------------- and ------------
----------------------------------------------.
8- Charcot leyden crystals accompanied the following parasitic infection:
a- ---------------------------------------- b- --------------------------------------------
c- ---------------------------------------.
9- Vagabords diserase is caused by -----------------------------------------.
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10- Centipedes have pair of large ----------------------------- arising from the first
body segment.
11- The scorpion venom is believed to be a toxalbumin that affects the --------------
-------------------------------.
12- Scabies is acquired primarily in ----------------------------------- .
13- Toxoplasmosis is fatal in AIDS patient because it cause---------------------------.
14- Malarial relapse is due to ----------------------------------------------------------------.
15- Disseminated strongyloidiasis seen in patient with--------------------------------.
16- The largest intestinal nematode is --------------------------------------------------.
17- In hookworms, the blood loss in-----------------------------------species is more
than that of ------------------------------- species .
18- Modes of transmission in pinworms are a- ----------------------------------------,
b---------------------------------------, c- --------------------------- and d- --------------------.
19- The filarial worms transmitted to man through ----------------------------------- .
20- The gold standard method for the diagnosis of malaria is ----------------------.
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QII) Select the single best answer for each of the following
( please encircle the appropriate answer ) (20 marks)
1- In hydatidosis, the false statement is:
A- It is a zoonotic disease.
B- Man act as definitive host.
C- Man become infected by contamination with egg of dog tape worm pose
in feces .
D- The commonest site of hydatid cyst is the liver.
2- In human, the cysticerci of pork tape worm are mostly found in .
A- Subcutaneous tissue and muscle.
B- lung and bone.
C- eye and muscle.
D- subcutaneous tissue, eye, brain.
3- Each of the following statements concerning Trichomonas vaginalis is
correct except :
A- It is transmitted sexually.
B- it causes bloody diarrhea.
C- Can be diagnosed by visualizing the trophozoite.
D- can be treated by metronidazole.
4- Intestinal amoebiasis in large bowel is characterized by:
A- Atrophy of villi.
B- Obstruction of intestine.
C- Constipation.
D- Flask-like ulceration.
5- Infection with Fasciolopsis buski is through :
A- Skin penetration.
B- Ingestion of egg.
C- Ingestion of encysted metacercariae.
D- Eating of infected liver.
6- Malabsorption seen in giardiasis is most likely due to :
A- Mechanical barrier to absorption.
B- Poor enzymatic digestion.
C- Insolublising the proteins and fats.
D- None of the above.
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7- Taenia saginata and Taenia solium are similar in many ways, but Taenia
solium is more dangerous because:
A- It has an arranged scolex.
B- It has fewer uterine branches than T.saginata.
C- Man can be infected as an intermediate host by eating the
eggs from T.solium.
D- The cyst or larvae form ingested from pork is more potent
than the cyst form beef.
8- The pathological changes in Schistosomiasis are caused mainly by :
A- immature eggs.
B- Mature eggs.
C- Adult worm.
D- Cercariae.
9- The following arthropods are wingless:
A- Fleas.
B- Centipedes.
C- Mosquitoes.
D- Mites.
10- The agent Rickettsia within the vector lice undergoes the followings:
A- Propagative.
B- Cyclopropagative.
C- Cyclodevelopmental.
D- Non of the above.
11- Plaque is severe disease transmitted by :
A- Xenopsylla sp .
B- Scorpions.
C- Phlebotomus sp .
D-Pediculus sp .
12- Scabies is caused by :
A- Hard ticks.
B- Itch mites.
C- Soft ticks .
D- Mosquitoes.
13- Microfilaria can be detected in the peripheral blood in the following
disease except:
A- Onchocerca volvulus.
B- Bancroftian filariasis.
C- Calabar swelling.
D- Malayon filariasis.
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14- Loeflers syndrome is caused by :
A- Hook worm.
B- Toxocara.
C- Strongyloides.
D- All of the above.
15- Which of the following is not soil transmitted :
A- Strongyloides stercolaris.
B- Ancylostoma duodenale.
C- Ascaris lumbricoides.
D- Trichinella spiralis.
16- World wide, the most prevalent helminth to infect human is:
A- Enterobious vermicularis.
B- Ascaris lumbricoides.
C- Hook worm.
D- Schistosoma mansoni.
17- Effective malarial control intervention include all the following except:
A- Mass use of fansidar chemoprophylaxis.
B- Use of pyrethroid impregnated mosquitoes net.
C- Larviciding.
D- Vaccination with SPF 66.
18- the following occur in chagas disease except
A- Calabar swelling.
B- Lymphadenopathy.
C- Meningoencephalitis.
D- periorbital odema (Romanas sign).
19- Routine method for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis:
A- Thick blood film.
B- thin blood film.
C- Serology.
D- urinalysis.
20- The fever associated with visceral leishmaniasis may resemble that of :
A- Cutaneous leishmaniasis.
B- Oriental sore .
C- Malaria.
D- Drug sensitivity.
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QIII) Choose from column A what suits in column B. Please answer
on the answer sheet provided below (5Marks)
1- Hetrophyes hetrophyes A- Gravid proglottid containing many
egg capsule
2- Katayama fever B- Hyperplasia and fibrosis of biliary
epithelium
3 Balantidium coli C- Amebic keratitis
4- Giardia lamblia D- brood capsule
5- Dipylidium caninum E-genital sucker
6- Clonorchis sinensis F- serum-sickness like syndrome
7- Acanthamoeba species G- diagnosis by duodenal aspiration
8- Commensalism H- ciliate commonly associated
with pig
9- Echinococcus granulosus i- pruritic rash
10- swimmer itch J- eating at the same table.
11- Oxyuriasis K- Hookworm infection
12- Iron deficiency anemia L- hyperinfection syndrome
13- Strongyloides stercolaris M- calabar swelling
14- Loa loa N- congenital toxoplasmosis
15- Wucheraria bancrofti O- Non flagellate stage in hemoflagellates
16- Tachyzoite P- Plasmodium malariae
17- Amastigote Q- Promastigote
18- Nephrotic syndrome R- Chronic chagas disease.
19- infective stage of leishmania species S- Scotch tape techique
20 Xenodiagnosis T- Elephantiasis
ANSWER SHEET FOR QUESTION III
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20
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QIV) Answer the followings:
A) Follow the life cycle of ONE blood flukes parasite (5 Marks)
B) Give the National strategies to control the above parasites ( in
question A). (5 Marks)
C) Mention one parasite that cause the following : (5 Marks)
1- Baghdad boil
2- Rectal prolapse
3- cerebral malaria
4- Trichinosis
5- kala-azar
D) Compare between pinworm and hookworm regarding:
Species name, infective stage, habitat of the adult, lung migration
(5 Marks)
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QV)
A-Case study (1): (5 Marks)
Thirty five years old male arrived from japan since 2 months. He complained
from nausea, vomiting with loss of weight and hunger pain. Blood picture
showed Hypochromic Macrocytic anemia and stool examination showed large
Operculated eggs.
1- What is your diagnosis?
2- Is there a common name for that parasite?
3- What is the source of infection?
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B- How would you describe amoebic and Blalantidial ulcer regarding
1- etiological agent
2- Shape of lesion produce
3- Level of digestive tract affected.
(5 Marks
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C- Case study (2)
A newly born baby was born with microcephaly and convulsion. The mother
gave a history of having a cat at home
1- what is the parasite would you suspect of causing this clinical presentation
? (2 Marks)
2- How was the baby infected? (1 Marks)
3- How can you confirm your diagnosis? (1 Marks)
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D- Write short assay about the pathogenesis of cyclical fever in African
trypanosomiasis. (5 Marks)
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AnswerstoSampleC
Q2MCQS
1b2a3b4d5c6a7c8b,9c,10a,11a,12b,13a,14d,15d,16a,17
d,18a,19c,20c
Q1Fillintheblanks
1Liberationofhydatidfluidintotheperitonealcavityproduceanaphylactic
shock
2directingestionoffoodcontaminatedwithfaecescontainingeggs,indirectby
eatingfoodcontaminatedwithbeetlecontainingcysticercoids
3Trichomonasvaginalis
4Praziquantel,Bithionol
5Byingestionofsheepfleshcontaininghydatidcyst
6Heteroinfection,externalandinternalautoinfection
7Hymenolepisnana,Dipylidiumcaninum
8aEntamoebahistolytica,bsparganosiscParagonimuswestermani
9lice
10oisonclaws
11nervoussystem
12millitoryinstallation,prisons,mentalinstitution,crowdingandpoorsanitation.
13disseminatedencephalitis
14hypnozoiteactivation
15immunecompromisedstatus
16Ascarislumbricoides
17Ancylostomaduodenale,Necatoramericanus
18autoinfection,retroinfection,inhalation,swallowingfullydevelopedeggswith
foodorwater
19insectbite
20thickandthinbloodfilm
Q3
1e2f3h4g5a6b7c8j9d10I,11S,12K,13L,14M,15
T,16N,17O&/OrR,18P,19Q,20R
Q4A
ASchistosomahaematobium
Adultinvesicalplexusmatureeggsinurine(diagnosticstage)
miracidiuminwaterpenetrateBulinussnailintermediatehost1&2
generationssporocystcercaria(infectivestage)schistosomula
viaHeartlungliverbyportalbloodvesselstoinferiormesenteric
veinRectalvesselsvesicalplexus
OR
BSchistosomamansoni
Adultininferiormesentericveinembryonatedeggsinfaeces(diagnostic
stage)miracidiuminwaterpenetrateBiomphalariasnailintermediate
host1&2generationofsporocystinsnailcercaria(infectivestage)
penetratehumanskinschistosomulamigrateviaheartlungliver
inferiormesentericveins
OR
CSchitosomajaponicum
Adultintributariesofsuperiormesentericveinsembryonatedeggsinwater
hatchtomiracidiumpenetrateOncomelaniaspsnailintermediate
host1&2generationsporocystcercaria(infectivestage)
penetratehumanskinschistosomulamigrateviaheartlung
liversuperiormesentericveins
1Chemotherapy
2Snailcontrol
achemical(Niclosamide)
bbiological
1predator(Thiaraspp
3Environmentalsanitation
4Healtheducation
aL.tropicaminor
bTrichuristrichiura
cPlasmodiumfalciparum
dTrichinellaspiralis
eL.donovani
Pinworm Hookworm
Sp.name Enterobiousvermicularis Ancylostomaduodenale
Necatoramericasnus
Infectivestage FullyEmbryonatedegg 3rd stagelarva
Adulthabitat Large Smallintestine(Attached)
intestine(unattached)
Lungmigration _ +
Q5A
1InfectionwithDiphyllobothriumlatum
2Fishtapeworm
3Eatingroworundercookedfishcontainingplerocercoid
1Entamoebahistolytica,Balantidiumcoli
2InEnt.Histolyticaflaskshapedulcerwithnarrowopening,whileinB.coli
circularwithirregularedgeandwideopening
3InEnt.histolyticatheparasiteinvadethemucosaandreachserosa,whilein
B.colirestrictedtomucosa.
C
1Toxoplasmagondii
2trancplacentaltransmissionoftheparasiteincaseofacuteinfectionofthe
motherduringthepregnancyorfewmonths(Notmorethan34months)before
conception.
3byserologicaltestofthebaby(IgMincreased)
Moleculardiagnosis(PCR)
Intheacuteform,acyclicalfeverspike(approximately2weeks)occursthatis
relatedtoantigenicvariationofthesurfaceglycoprotein
hundredsofantigenictypesfound.Oneantigenictypewillcoatthesurfaceofthe
parasitesforapproximately10days,followedbyothertypes.
Theseantigenicvariationsallowtheorganismtoevadethehostimmune
response.
