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Gerund or Infinitive

This document discusses the differences between verbs followed by gerunds (verbs with "-ing") and verbs followed by infinitives (verbs with "to"). It provides examples of verbs that typically take gerunds or infinitives, as well as verbs that can take both. Generally, gerunds are used for actions happening at the same time, while infinitives are used for future or subsequent actions. However, there are exceptions, and the rules provided do not fully explain all uses of gerunds and infinitives in English.

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135 views6 pages

Gerund or Infinitive

This document discusses the differences between verbs followed by gerunds (verbs with "-ing") and verbs followed by infinitives (verbs with "to"). It provides examples of verbs that typically take gerunds or infinitives, as well as verbs that can take both. Generally, gerunds are used for actions happening at the same time, while infinitives are used for future or subsequent actions. However, there are exceptions, and the rules provided do not fully explain all uses of gerunds and infinitives in English.

Uploaded by

manoliro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Gerund or infinitive

One of the difficulties of the English language is that some verbs are followed by the
gerund (ex : doing) and others are followed by the infinitive (ex : to do). Other
verbs, however, can be followed by both.

Generally speaking we can use the following rules:

Examples Rules Explanations


Verb + 1. I enjoy playing Often we use the 1. I enjoy myself at the
gerund 2. I denied stealing gerund for an action time of playing.
that happens before or 2. I deny having stolen
at the same time as anything before.
the action of the main
verb.
Verb + 1. I decided to visit my Often we use the 1. Visiting my uncle was
infinitive uncle infinitive for actions an action of my
2. I want to go out that follow the action decision. It comes after.
of the main verb. 2. What I want (now) is
to go out (after/later)

These rules are helpful but DO NOT always explain all uses of gerunds and infinitives.

Verbs that can be followed by a gerund (ex: doing)

1- After verbs that express likes/dislikes :

like
love

enjoy

dislike

hate

don't mind

can't stand

can't bear

Example:

" I like playing soccer but I hate boxing."

2- After certain other verbs, such as :


admit
appreciate

allow

avoid

advise

consider

deny

delay

understand

finish

fancy

go (in go swimming)

involve

keep

mention

mind

stop

waste time/money

imagine

involve

keep (on)

mention

miss

postpone

permit

practice

suggest

resist
reject

risk

can't help

can't stand

Example:

" I suggest going to the theater."

3- After prepositions :

interested in ...
instead of ...
good at ...
before ...
after ...

Example:

"I am interested in collecting stamps."


"After playing football I drank an orange juice".

4- After certain expressions :

it's no use ...


it's no good ...
there's no point in ...
I can't help...
I don't mind...
I can't stand/bear...

Example:

" It's no use convincing him to revise his lessons. He's so stubborn."

Verbs that can be followed by an infinitive ( ex : to do)

1- After verbs that refer to a future event:

want
hope

aim

intend
arrange

attempt

promise

be determined

plan

consent

decide

demand

deserve

determine

endeavor

expect

offer

proceed

promise

threaten

swear

volunteer

want

would like

would hate

would love

Example:

" I want to finish my work early.

2- After certain other verbs, such as:

afford
agree

help
choose

fail

happen

refuse

manage

need

seem

learn

choose

pretend

Example:

"She refused to forgive him."

3- After adjectives :

glad
pleased

disappointed

Example:

"I'm glad to know that you passed the exam."


"I'm pleased to meet you."
"I'm disappointed to hear that you flunked maths."

4- After "too" & "enough":

too difficult
easy enough

Example:

"It's too difficult to convince him to be helpful."


" But it's easy enough to fool him to get what you want."

Verbs that can be followed by both an infinitive and a gerund:


Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive. Here are some
examples:

start
begin

stop

remember...

Example:

"I started smoking when I was young."


"I started to smoke when I left the office."

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