Cristian Medina
English 301
17 March 2017
Annotated Bibliography Working
Title:
Performance-Enhancing drugs in sports Research
question:
What are some ways to deter athletes from taking performance-enhancing drugs?
Working Thesis:
Despite the perceived control over Performance-Enhancing drugs in organizations such as Major
League Baseball in America, steroids are still running rampant in other sport leagues and are a
growing problem in small towns across the United States, where there is little media coverage.
Introduction:
Performance-enhancing drugs have long been part of the athletic landscape. First reported use of
these enhancers date all the way back to the 1880s when Welch cyclist Arthur Linton died
during a race from Trimethy; a combination of cocaine, alcohol, and Stychnine. Bisk 2017.
Steroids have been in the news in recent years due to The Steroid Era in Major League
Baseball, and with the rise and fall of Tour De France winner Lance Armstrong. Most athletes
take Anabolic steroids, which are used to help muscle growth and become stronger. (Mayo 2015)
The most prominent steroid hormone produced by the body is Testosterone. Athletes have also
been known to take what is known as Gonadotropin; also known as Human Growth Hormone.
The potential side effects include joint pain, an enlarged heart, diabetes, high cholesterol, etc.
(Mayo 2015)
Annotations:
1. Hatton CK, Performance-enhancing drugs: Understanding the risks. Physical
Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America.
This article explains the different types of performance-enhancing drugs and what they
actually do to your body. The article then goes on to describe the various risks that both
men and women face when taking these drugs. There is good background information I can
use in this article to back my point up.
2. Reardon CL. Drug abuse in athletes, Dove Medical Press
This article delves into performance-enhancing drugs taken by athletes in-particular and
the benefits they reap from the substances when they are performing in their sport. This
is a useful article in that I can show why these drugs are more common than people want
to admit and the reason for that.
3. Savulescu J. ,Foddy B. , Clayton M. Why we should allow performance enhancing
drugs in sport; www.bisportsmed.com 666-670
This article takes a different approach to Performance-enhancing drugs. Instead of
health effects, this article focuses more on the morality of these substances. Not only
so, but it argues how it is ethically fine to take these substances. This article will play a
large role in my counterargument in why performance-enhancing drugs are acceptable
to use.
4. Cakic V. (2009) Smart drugs for cognitive enhancement: ethical pragmatic
considerations in the era of cosmetic neurology www.bmj.com 611-613
This article describes the recent prominence of neurological enhancers that people use
to take to either focus more on various tasks, achieve greater success in academia, and
etc. This article will balance out my editorial because it shows that
performanceenhancing drugs are not just limited to physical activity
