The name Yamuna seems to be derived from the Sanskrit word "yama", meaning 'twin', and it
may have been applied to the river because it runs parallel to the
Ganges. The Yamuna sometimes called Jamuna is the longest and the second
largest tributary river of the Ganges (Ganga) in northern India. The source of
Yamuna lies in the Yamunotri Glacier at an elevation of 6,387 metres (20,955 ft),
From here it flows southwards, for about 200 kilometres (120 mi) through the Lower
Himalayas and the Shivalik Hills Range. Yamuna is one of the holiest shrines in
Hinduism. In Hindu mythology, she is the daughter of Sun God, Surya, and sister
of Yama, the God of Death, hence also known as Yami and according to popular
legends, bathing in its sacred waters frees one from the torments of death. It crosses
several states, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, passing
by Uttarakhand and later Delhi, and meets its tributaries on the way, including Tons,
its largest tributary in Uttarakhand, Chambal, its longest tributary which has its own
large basin, followed by Sindh, the Betwa, and Ken.
Pollution
In 1909 the waters of the Yamuna were distinguishable as "clear blue", as compared to the silt-
laden yellow of the Ganges.[36]However, due to high density population growth and rapid
industrialisation today Yamuna is one of the most polluted rivers in the world, especially
around New Delhi, the capital of India, which dumps about 58% of its waste into the river. A
recent study shows that there is 100% urban metabolism of River Yamuna as it passes through
the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi