Finite element analysis of a Euler Bernoulli
Beam: calculations of natural frequencies with
MATLAB
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Sun, 2012-06-03 08:52 - lagouge tartibu
software
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% * * ** * *
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%************************ BEAMANALYSIS ***********************************
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%************************* Written by ******************************************
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%******************* TARTIBU KWANDA 2008 **********************************
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%Uniform beam and Stepped beam finite element program. Selectable number of step and
%number of elements. Solves for eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a beam with user defined
%dimensions. This program is able to calculate the natural frequencies of different uniform and
%stepped beam geometries and materials properties.
%default values are included in the program for the purpose of showing how to input data.
echo off
clf;
clear all;
inp = input('Input "1" to enter beam dimensions, "Enter" to use default ... ');
if (isempty(inp))
inp = 0;
else
end
if inp == 0
% input size of beam and material
% xl(i) = length of element (step)i
% w(i) = width of element (step)i
% t(i) = thickness of element (step)i
% e = Young's modulus
% bj = global degree of freedom number corresponding to the jth local degree
% of freedom of element i
% a(i) = area of cross section of element i
% ne = number of elements
% n = total number of degree of freedom
% no = number of nodes
format short
xl = [40 32 24];
xi = [1.333333 6.75 0.08333];
w = [4 6 2];
t = [2 3 1];
e = 206e+6;
rho = 7.85e-6;
bj = [1 2 3 4;3 4 5 6;5 6 7 8];
ne = 3;
n = 8;
else
ne = input ('Input number of elements, default 3 ... ');
if (isempty(ne))
ne = 3;
else
end
xl = input ('Input lengths of stepped beam, default [40 32 24], ... ');
if (isempty(xl))
xl = [40 32 24];
else
end
w = input ('Input widths of stepped beam, default [4 6 2], ... ');
if (isempty(w))
w = [4 6 2];
else
end
t = input ('Input thickness of stepped beam, default [2 3 1], ... ');
if (isempty(t))
t = [2 3 1];
else
end
e = input('Input modulus of material, mN/mm^2, default mild steel 206e+6 ... ');
if (isempty(e))
e=206e+6;
else
end
rho = input('Input density of material,kg/mm^3 , default mild steel 7.85e-6 ... ');
if (isempty(rho))
rho = 7.85e-6;
else
end
bj = input('Input global degree of freedom, default global degree of freedom [1 2 3 4;3 4 5 6;5 6 7
8] ... ');
if (isempty(bj))
bj = [1 2 3 4;3 4 5 6;5 6 7 8];
else
end
end
% Calculate area (a), area moment of Inertia (xi) and mass per unit of length (xmas) of
% the stepped beam
a = w.*t;
% Define area moment of inertia according to flap-wise or edge-wise
% vibration of the stepped beam.
vibrationdirection = input('enter "1" for edge-wise vibration, "enter" for flap-wise vibration ... ');
if (isempty(vibrationdirection))
vibrationdirection = 0;
else
end
if vibrationdirection == 0
xi=w.*t.^3/12;
else
xi=t.*w.^3/12;
end
for i=1:ne
xmas(i)=a(i)*rho;
end
% Size the stiffness and mass matrices
no = ne+1;
n = 2*no;
bigm = zeros(n,n);
bigk = zeros(n,n);
% Now build up the global stiffness and consistent mass matrices, element
% by element
for ii =1:ne
ai=zeros(4,n);
i1=bj(ii,1);
i2=bj(ii,2);
i3=bj(ii,3);
i4=bj(ii,4);
ai(1,i1)=1;
ai(2,i2)=1;
ai(3,i3)=1;
ai(4,i4)=1;
xm(1,1)=156;
xm(1,2)=22*xl(ii);
xm(1,3)=54;
xm(1,4)=-13*xl(ii);
xm(2,2)=4*xl(ii)^2;
xm(2,3)=13*xl(ii);
xm(2,4)=-3*xl(ii)^2;
xm(3,3)=156;
xm(3,4)=-22*xl(ii);
xm(4,4)=4*xl(ii)^2;
xk(1,1)=12;
xk(1,2)=6*xl(ii);
xk(1,3)=-12;
xk(1,4)=6*xl(ii);
xk(2,2)=4*xl(ii)^2;
xk(2,3)=-6*xl(ii);
xk(2,4)=2*xl(ii)^2;
xk(3,3)=12;
xk(3,4)=-6*xl(ii);
xk(4,4)=4*xl(ii)^2;
for i=1:4
for j=1:4
xm(j,i)=xm(i,j);
xk(j,i)=xk(i,j);
end
end
for i=1:4
for j=1:4
xm(i,j)=(((xmas(ii)*xl(ii))/420))*xm(i,j);
xk(i,j)=((e*xi(ii))/(xl(ii)^3))*xk(i,j);
end
end
for i=1:n
for j=1:4
ait(i,j)=ai(j,i);
end
end
xka=xk*ai;
xma=xm*ai;
aka=ait*xka;
ama=ait*xma;
for i=1:n
for j=1:n
bigm(i,j)=bigm(i,j)+ama(i,j);
bigk(i,j)=bigk(i,j)+aka(i,j);
end
end
end
% Application of boundary conditions
% Rows and columns corresponding to zero displacements are deleted
bigk(1:2,:) = [];
bigk(:,1:2) = [];
bigm(1:2,:) = [];
bigm(:,1:2) = [];
% Calculation of eigenvector and eigenvalue
[L, V] = eig (bigk,bigm)
% Natural frequency
V1 = V.^(1/2)
W = diag(V1)
f=W/(2*pi)
have 2 papers published using these programs:
1. vibration analysis of a variable blade length wing turbine
2. modal testing of a simplified wind turbine blade
