Positive Impacts                                       Negative Impacts
Increased employment opportunities                     Rowdy & delinquent behaviour
Increased standard of living                           Increased crime levels
Increased entertainment opportunities                  Excessive drinking
Economic benefits                                      Litter
Opportunity to meet new people                         Damage to the environment
More interesting things to do                          Noise
Enhanced community image                               Traffic congestion and parking problems
Community pride                                        Disruption of normal way of life
Preservation of local culture/heritage                 Overcrowding
Increased skill base                                   Money spent on events, not on community needs
New facilities & infrastructure                        Increased cost of living
Increasing recognition of the role that events can play beyond merely entertainment.
The business world has been quick to discover the marketing and image-making power of events and
events have become established as an important element of the marketing mix.
Companies have begun to partner and sponsor major events#
They also suggest six core attributes of special events:
Should attract tourists or tourism development
Be of limited duration
Be one-off or infrequent
Raise the awareness, image or profile of a region
Offer a social experience
Be out of the ordinary
Irrespective of scale, they have similar characteristics and can face similar issues:
Short term, of limited duration.
One-off, or infrequent occurrence.
Sometimes themed, or celebrate a special anniversary.
Attract tourists or tourism development.
Raise the awareness, profile or image of a place, region.
Offer a special experience.
Out of the ordinary
charecteristic of event
intangible
personal interaction
pershabity
uiqueness
ambience n sevice
fixed timetable
labour intensive
IMPACT                    MANIFESTATIONS
                          Positive                          Negative
Economic                  Increased Expenditure             Price increases during event
                                                          Real Estate Speculation
Tourism            Increased awareness of region Gains poor reputation as a result of
                          as destination, increased         inadequate facilities/ improper practice
                           knowledge of destination           Negative reaction from existing
                           investment and commercial          business- increasing competition
                           development
Physical           Construction of new facilities,         Environmental damage, overcrowding
                           improvement of local
                           infrastructure
IMPACT                     MANIFESTATIONS
                           Positive                           Negative
Socio-Cultural Increase in            participation   Commercialisation of activities that
                           in activity associated with event,          may be of personal or private
                           strengthening of regional          nature, modification of nature of event/
                            traditions                        activity to accommodate tourism
Psychological      Increased local pride and          Tendency towards defensive attitudes
                           community spirit                  concerning host regions, high
                                    possibility of misunderstandings
                   leading to various degrees of
                                                      host/visitor hostility
Political                  Enhanced international Economic exploitation of local pop. to
                           recognition of region and its      satisfy ambitions of local elite,
                           values, Propagation of political Distortion of true nature of event to
                           values held by government          Reflect values of political system of
            and host population            the day
     Economic benefits for the sector
     Economic benefits for the economy
 Economic benefits for the sponsors
 Image enhancement of business/area
 Leisure / entertainment opportunities
 Tourism revenue
 Promotional benefits for a company/products