DESIGN OF THE ELECTRICAL SERVICES
OF A MULTISTOREY BUILDING
by
PAPAZACHARIOU ELISAVET
Project Report
Submitted to
the Department of Electrical Engineering
of the Higher Technical Institute
Nicosia Cyprus
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the diploma of
TECHNICIAN ENGINEER
in
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Mo.} 1990 .
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SUMMARY
DESIGN OF THE ELECTRICAL SERVICES
OF A MULTISToREY BUILDING
by
PAPAZACHARIoU ELISAVET
The main objectives are:
1) To design the electrical installation of a multistorey
building pertaining to a block of flats.
2) To design the telephone installation.
3) To study the illumination engineering work involved
and costing, including labour.
Terms and Conditions
1) Voltage supply 415/240 V, 50HZ
2) The work must be carried out wi th reference to the
plans provided.
3) Supply for lift room and machinery.
4) Three suitable water pumps should be considered.
5) lEE and EAC regulations must be complied with.
6) In designing the lighting load the CIBS code must be
considered.
7) CYTA requirements to be taken into account.
CONTENTS
PAGE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER ONE: ILLUMINATION
i
1 .1. INTRODUCTION 3
1. 2 USEFUL TERMS USED 3
1 .3 . CALCULATION PROCEDURE 5
1 .4 . ACTUAL DESIGNS 6
1 .5 . ILLUMINATION ANALYSIS RESULTS FOR EACH FLAT 9
CHAPTER TWO: POWER AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS
GENERAL 11
SECTION A EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
2.A.1. ELECTRICAL SUPPLY 12
2.A.2. DISTRIBUTION BOARDS 12
2.A.3. PROTECTION DEVICES 12
2.A.4. CABLING 12
2.A.5. CONDUITS 13
2.A.6. CONDUIT SIZING 14
2.A.7. SOCKET OUTLETS 15
2.A.8. WATER HEATER 15
2.A.9. SWITCHES 15
CHAPTER THREE: DIVERSITY AND MAIN SUPPLY
31. GENERAL 47
3.2. TOTAL CURRENT DEMAND 49
3.3. SUPPLY CABLE 49
3.4. ANALYSIS RESULTS 50
3.5. FAULT LEVEL CALCULATIONS 51
3.6. FAULT LEVEL CALCULATIONS RESULTS 53
PAGE
SECTION 8 PROTECTION FOR SAFETY
2.8.1. GENERAL 17
2.8.2. OVERLO AD CONSIDERATIONS 17
2.8.3. ELECTRIC SHOCK CONSIDERATIONS 18
2.8.4. THERMAL CONSTRAINTS CONSIDERATIONS 20
2.8.5. SHORT CIRCUIT CONSIDERATIONS 21
SECTION C INSTALLATION OF SOCKET OUTLETS
GENERAL 22
2.C.1. DESIGN PROCEDURE 22
a. Fo r ring circuits 22
b. For radial circuits 26
2.C.2. ACTUAL DESIGN 29
SECTION D INSTALLATION OF FIXED APPLIANCES
2.D.1 . GENERAL 32
2.D.2 . DESIGN PROCEDURE 32
2.D.3 . COOKER 33
2.D.4. WATER HEATER 36
2.D.5. WASHING MACHINE 39
SECTION E INSTALLATION OF LIGHTING POINTS
2.E.1. GENERAL 41
2.E . 2 . DESIGN PROCEDURE 41
2.E.3. ACTUAL DESIGN 42
2.E.4. LIGHTING LOAD ANALYSIS RESULTS (FOR THE "FLATS) 45
SECTION F
GENERAL LOAD ANALYSIS RESULTS
(FOR ALL CIRCUITS IN EACH FLAT) 46
PAGE
CHAPTER FOUR : COMMON USE AREAS INSTALLATION
SECTION A INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS
4.A.1. GENERAL 54
4.A.2. DIRECT ON LINE STARTER 55
4.A.3. ISOLATORS 55
4.A.4. M.C.B'.s RATING 55
4.A.5. DESIGN PROCEDURE 56
~ SECTION B SUPPLY TO THE LIFT ROOM
4.B.1. MOTOR IN THE LIFT ROOM 60
4.B.2. SOCKET OUTLET AND LIGHTING POINT
IN THE LIFT ROOM 62
4.B.3. TYPICAL CALCULATIONS OF THE MCB
POSITIONED IN THE E.A.C. METERS PLACE
ON THE GROUND FLOOR 63
4.B.4. ISOLATOR USED 64
4. B. 5. CHECKING FOR OIL AND SIC PROTECTION
FOR THE LIFT 64
SECTION C SUPPLY TO WATER PUMPS
4.C.1. MOTOR USED TO SUPPLY A TYPICAL WATER PUMP 67
4.C.2. STARTER USED TO START THE MOTOR OF THE
WATER PUMP 69
4.C.3. CHECKING FOR OIL & SIC PROTECTION FOR
EACH WATER PUMP 70
4.C.4. RADIAL CIRCUITS ACTUAL DESIGN 71
SECTION D STAIRCASE LIGHTING 73
SECTION E ANALYSIS RESULTS 74
SECTION F OVERALL LOAD DISTRIBUTION 75
4.F.1. GENERAL 75
4.F.2. SUPPLY CABLE 76
CHAPTER FIVE STORAGE HEATERS INSTALLATION
GENERAL 77
5. 1 . STORAGE HEATERS POWER RATING 78
5.2. BALANCING OF CIRCUITS 78
5.3. TYPICAL DESIGN 79
5 .4. ANALYSIS RESULTS 80
5.5. MAIN FUSE AND CABLE 81
5.6. FAULT LEVEL CALCULATIONS 81
CHAPTER SIX: CENTRAL ANTENNA SYSTEM
SECTION A GENERAL 83
SECTION B EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES WHICH ARE
USED IN THE ANTENNA SYSTEM 86
6.B.1. AERIAL 86
6.B.2. AMPLIFIER 86
6.B.3. TAP-OFF UNITS 87
6.B.4. SOCKET-OUTLETS 87
6.B.5. CABLE FEEDERS 87
SECTION C INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 88
SECTION D DESIGN PROCEDURE 89
SECTION E ACTUAL DESIGN 90
6.E.1. GENERAL 90
6.E.2. SELECTION OF AMPLIFIER UNIT 92
6.E.3. CALCULATION OF THE ATTENUAToR 9Z
6.E.4. DESIGN OF ATTENUAToRS 93
6.E.5. USE OF TT ATTENUAToR 93
SECTION F OVERALL LOAD DISTRIBUTION 75
4.F.1. GENERAL 75
4.F.2. SUPPLY CABLE 76
CHAPTER FIVE: STORAGE HEATERS INSTALLATION
GENERAL 77
5. 1 . STORAGE HEATERS POWER RATING 78
5.2. BALANCING OF CIRCUITS 78
5 .3. TYPICAL DESIGN 79
5.4. ANALYSIS RESULTS 80
5.5. MAIN FUSE AND CABLE 81
5.6. FAULT LEVEL CALCULATIONS 81
CHAPTER SIX: CENTRAL ANTENNA SYSTEM
SECTION A GENERAL 83
SECTION B EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES WHICH ARE
USED IN THE ANTENNA SYSTEM 86
6.B.1. AERIAL 86
6.B.2. AMPLIFIER 86
6.B.3. TAP-OFF UNITS 87
6.B.4. SOCKET-OUTLETS 87
6.B.5. CABLE FEEDERS 87
SECTION C INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 88
SECTION D DESIGN PROCEDURE 89
SECTION E ACTUAL DESIGN 90
6.E.1. GENERAL 90
6.E.2. SELECTION OF AMPLIFIER UNIT 92
6.E.3. CALCULATION OF THE ATTENUAToR 92
6.E.4. DESIGN OF ATTENUAToRS 93
6.E.5. USE OF TT ATTENUAToR 93
6.E.6. CHEC~ING CALCULATIONS 9
6.E.7. CALCULATION OF SIGNALS REGUIRED TO BE 95
FED TO THE AMPLIFIER BY THE ANTENNA 95
6.E.8. SELECTION OF ANTENNAS 96
6.E.9. CALCULATION OF THE GAIN OF EACH ANTENNA 97
CHAPTER SEVEN: DOOR ENTRY TELEPHONE SYSTEM
7. 1 . GENERAL 98
7 2 OPERATION 98
CHAPTER EIGHT: LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM
8. 1 . GENERAL 100
8.2. NEED OF LIGHTNING PROTECTION 100
8.3. LIGHTNING PROTECTION METHODS 102
8.4. MAIN COMPONETS 102
CHAPTER NINE: EARTHING
91. INTRODUCTION 104
9.2. WHAT IS EARTHING 104
9 .3. EARTHING SYSTEMS 105
9.4. METHOD OF EARTHING 105
9.5. TT SYSTEM OF SUPPLY 106
9.6. EARTH FAULT LOOP IMPEDANCE ( E . F . L I . ) 107
9.7. EARTH ELECTRODE 107
CHAPTER TEN: TELEPHONE INSTALLATION
10. 1 . GENERAL 109
10.2. MAIN DISTRIBUTION CASE 109
10.3. CONDUIT FRAME WOR~ 110
10.4. WIRING 110
10.5. ACTUAL DESIGN 110
CHAPTER ELEVEN INSPECTION AND TESTING
11.1. INTRODUCTION 112
11.2. VISUAL INSPECTION 112
11 .3. TESTING SEQUENCE 113
11.4. TESTING 113
CHAPTER TWELVE SCHEDULE OF MATERIALS AND COSTING
12. 1 . INTRODUCTION 116
12.2. MATERIALS AND LABOUR COST 119
12.3. GENERAL COSTS 130
12.4. TOTAL COST 131
COMMENTS - CONCLUSIONS 132
REFERENCES 134
APPENDICES 135
SYMBOLS
DRAWINGS
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAMS
TELEPHONE CONDUIT & WIRING DIAGRAM
