I SL Ami Ceducat I Onval Uesi Nmi Nangkabauweddi Ngcer Emony (ST Udyoftr Adi T I Onalmar I Agei Npauh, Padang, Westsumat Er A)
I SL Ami Ceducat I Onval Uesi Nmi Nangkabauweddi Ngcer Emony (ST Udyoftr Adi T I Onalmar I Agei Npauh, Padang, Westsumat Er A)
qan,
Isl
ami
cEducat
ionVal
uesi
nMi
nangkabauWeddi
ngCer
emony.
AL-
TA
LIM JOURNAL,
23(
1),
2016,
(88-
94)
(
PrintI
SSN1410-7546Onli
neISSN2355-7893)
Av
ail
abl
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ineathtt
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aini
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d/i
ndex.
php/
att
ali
m
I
slamicEducat
ionValuesinMinangkabauWeddingCer
emony
(
St udyofTr
adi
tional
Mariagei
nPauh, Padang,
WestSumat
era)
AlFur
qan
Facul
tyofSoci
alStudi
es,Depar
tmentofSoci
alStudi
es,
Facul
tyofSoci
alScienceandHumani
ti
es,
Nati
onalStat
eUniver
sit
yofPadangWestSumatra,I
ndonesia
E-
Mai
l
:unppai
@yahoo.
co.
i
d
ved:18thJanuar
Recei y2016; sed:24thFebr
Revi uar
y2016; ed:26thFebr
Accept uar
y2016
Key
wor
ds:Pr
ocessi
ons,
Isl
ami
ceducat
ionv
alues,
weddi
ngcer
emony
,Pauh
How t
o Ci
te: Fur
qan,A. (
2016)
.Isl
ami
c educat
ion v
alues i
n t
he weddi
ng cer
emony of
minangkabaunese( StudyofTr adi
ti
onalMari
agei
nPauh,PadangCi
ty,WestSumat
era)
.
Al-
TaLi
m
Journal
,23(1)
.
doi
:http:
//dx.
doi.
org/10.15548/
jt.
v23i
1.166
Per
mal
ink/
DOI
:ht
tp:
//dx.
doi
.or
g/10.
15548/
jt
.v23i
1.166
I
NTRODUCTI
ON naturaldesirethatamanandawoman
havewi l
ltobuildaf ami l
y.Inthatv erse,
Fami lyist hesmal lestsocialparti
n All
ah al so assert
st hata man and a
human l if
eand t hef i
rstpar tin societ
y woman shoul d beonei nsepar
ablepar t,
(Ramay uli
s,2001:1) .InI sl
am,f amilyisa one in mi nd and feeli
ng,in hopes and
holyr elationshi p between a man and a wishes,inst epsandmov ements,ev enin
woman, builtthroughasacr edweddi ngby how t heybreathe.Thati swhyi nAr abic,
ful
fil
l
ing al l i ts I sl
ami c r ules and mar r
iagei scommonl ycal edzawj(
l )
requir
ement s.Insur ahal-Nisa(
4)v erse1 whichmeanscoupl eand ni kah (
)whi ch
All
ah expl ains t hat t he mar ri
age is meansuni ti
ngt wopeopl ephsy cal
lyand
somet hingnat uralinhumanl i
fe.Iti sa spir
it
ual l
y,Then,t he husband i s cal
led
88
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ami
cEducat
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uesi
ntheWeddi
ngCer
emony.| 89
zawj and wi
fe (
Shi
hab, 2000: 318)
. Theconsi derati
onnowi sbasedont hejob
Marri
age is notdone onlyt oful
fi
llthe ort heincomeear nedbyt heman.They
demandofmensexualdesi rebutal
sot o feelfinetopr ovideandgi vesuchmoney
have ki
ds.Iti s an I
slami
c hol
yact i
vit
y totheman sfami l
yal thought heyhav eto
whichisappealedbyprophetMuhammad, bei n debt.I n additi
on,mor eand mor e
SAW. weddi ngreceptionsar ehel dbyor ganizi
ng
onespeci alforthey outht ocome, mostof
Tohol damar riage,ther ear esome them stayoutal lni
ght ,andev engetdr unk.
way sandpr ocessionsneedt obef oll
owed. Theyhav egobey ondt her egulati
on.Then,
Ast heexampl e,somedi st r
ictsi nPadang i
ti snecessar ytohav eacar efulresearch
mayhav ev ariouswayt oconductort o toidenti
fyhowamar riageoraweddi ngis
hold a mar ri
age as wel las a weddi ng heldinPauh, Padang, WestSumat era,
how
recept i
on.Pauh,f ori nstance,i ssai dt o i
tst i
l
lf oll
ows t he r ules ofI slam and
haveamar ri
ageorweddi ng pr ocession I
slami cEducationv alues.
whichcombi nesI slam r ulesandMi nang
cult
ur es.ForPauhsoci et
y,amar riagei sa
sacredbondt hattiesabr ideandagr oom
whichi smadebyf ulfi
ll
i
ngt hedemands METHOD
setbyt he count ryconst itution,I slamic
regulation and Mi nang cul ture.I n short
, The desi gn oft he resear ch was
the mar ri
age shoul d f ulfi
ll
: 1) t he descriptiv
e qual it
ativ
e r esearch. The
regulation i n Mi nang cul ture; 2) t he approachoft her esearchwasnat urali
st i
c
regulation of I slam sy ar aa; 3) t he approachwhi chaccor dingt oLi ncolnand
regulationofI ndonesi aconst i
tutionabout Guba( 1989) ,itisanappr oachwher et he
mar ri
ages.Amongt het hreedemands, the researcher pl ay
sar ole as a human
responsi bi
li
tyt o cov erwhatt he cul t
ure i
nst r
ument , adapt s wi th t he si tuation
states i s consi der ed as t he most faced nat urallyundera nat uralset t
ing.
i
mpor tantone.I tdomi nant lyi nfluences This appr oach sui ted the ai m of t he
how amar ri
ageandaweddi ngshoul dbe researchsi ncet hedat aobt ainedf rom t he
prepar edandconduct ed. fi
eld wer e mor e based on r espondent s
utter
ancesandbehav ior.Iti ssimi lart o
Commonl y,i n Minang culture,a what Spar dley ( 1980:51) st ates t hat
mar ri
agebegi nswi thaweddi ngpr oposal qualit
at i
veisnat ur al
lytoobser vehuman s
made by t he fami l
y ofa woman.The behav i
or,attitude,way ,andint er
action.
family proposes t o a man whom t hey
considert obeagoodmanseenf rom his The subj ectoft he r esearch was
rel
igious and behav i
oraspect ;as how Pauhsoci eti
es,namel yt heheadofKAN
Isl
am t eaches.Thi sprocesscanbedone KerapatanAdatNagar iofPauhPadang,
severalt i
mes;informally
,thatisbyhav ing theninikmamak,cer di
kpandai ,t
hehead
mar esek;sendingar epresent
ati
v etot he of KUA,r el
i
gious leader s,soci ety and
man sf ami l
y,then f ormall
y,when t he otherthingsneededt o hol daweddi ng.
familyoft hewomancomest othef ami l
y Thekeyi nf or
mantoft her esearchwast he
ofa man.Lat er ,once the proposali s head of KAN of Pauh Padang. The
accept ed,bothf amilymaydi scussmor e i
nformant s wer e sel ect ed by usi ng
aboutt hemar ri
ageandt heweddi ngplans. snowball-samplingtechni que.
However
,recent
ly,how amar r
iage The data were obtai
ned through
andweddi
ngareheldinPauhisnol onger observ
ati
onandi nter
view.Int
ervi
ew was
basedonIsl
amicbel i
ef.Iti
sseenf rom donetotheheadofKAN,t hen,basedon
howafamil
yofawomanl ooksforaman. theinf
ormat
iongivenbyt heheadofKAN,
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ami
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uesi
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emony.| 91
i
st oassi stt heweddi ngr ecept i
on. conjugallif
e.Amani sal l
owedt omar r
ya
The f ami ly can pr epare ori nvit
e womanwhenhei sal readyabl etobear
some peopl et o per f
orm l ocalor such r esponsibil
it
ies like,ablet ol i
ve
traditional ar ts. i
ndependent ,tomakeacl earcutbet ween
c.The pr ocessi ons af t
ert he mar r
iage whati sl etandwhati snot( haram and
andt heweddi ngr ecept ion halal
),tobear eligi
ousper sonaswhathas
1.Manj alangmi ntuo( maant aannasi ). beenst atedinIslami claws.Itisexpected
Af ter t he weddi ng r ecept ion, thatbyunder standingt heseal laspects,
manj alangmi ntuoi sdone.I tisa the man can handl e allthe upcomi ng
visittot hehouseoft hegroom. problemsi nhi smar ri
agel i
fe.Rasulull
ah
2.Japui kt igo har i.A dayaf tert he Saw.sai dinoneofhi shadis;i
fcomet o
recept ion,t hef ami lyoft hebr i
de you( t
owoman sfamily)amanwhohave
picks t he gr oom by br inging a good r el
igi
on and at ti
tude, and you
compl etesui tordr esst othehouse recognizeit,
toproposeyourdaught er,
you
oft hebr ide.I tisnamedj apui ktigo shouldl ethi
m mar r
y(yourdaught er)
,and
har ibecausewi thint henextt hree if you do not l et him to,i t wil
lbe
day s,t he gr oom i s picked and conduct edfi
tnahanddamages. (Tarmidzi
takent ot hehouseoft hebr ide.In and Ahmad) ( Al
-Tar
mizi:II
/273). The
the mor ni ng,t he gr oom comes requir
ementofbei
ngr el
igi
ousisalsofor
backt ohi sownhouse,andhei s mani nchoosi
ngawoman.Rasulull
ahSaw.
pickedagai n. said:
awomani smarri
edbecauseoffour
3.Maant aan Si l
amak. I t i s a thi
ngs;herwealth,herbeaut
y,herfamil
y,
processi ondonebyt hebr i
deand andherr el
i
gion,thenchoosebecauseof
herf ami ly.Theycomet ov isitthe herrel
igi
onforyourhappylif
e.(
Muttaf
aq
fami lyoft he gr oom,bybr inging
Alay
h).
silamak bal uo ( a ki nd ofsweet
stickyr ice) The pur he get
pose oft ti
ng-to-
know eachotherist
omakethechil
dren
The Educat
ion Val
ues oft he Weddi
ng feelfreet ochoset heirl i
fepar tners.They
Cer
emonyi nMinangkabauPr
e-Marr
iage willnotf eelt hatt heyar ef orcedt omar ry
someonet hat , perhaps, isst r
anget ot hem.
TheIsl
ami
cval
uesdur
ingt
hePr
oposal Parentsmaynotf orcet heirdaught ert o
ti
me mar ryamant hatshedoesnotl i
ke.Dur ing
thi
st ime,t hepar ent sgi vet heirev aluat ion
Duri
ngt hist ime,theIslami cv alues andopi nionsaboutt heman/ womant hat
canbeseenf r
om t heway st hemanand theirchi l
dr en ar e bei ng appr oach wi th.
thewomengett oknow eachot her.Itis Theycanal so gi veadv icesso t hatt he
undert hecont roloft hepar entsandt he childr
enwi llnotpi ckt hewr ongwayf or
soci etywhi chai msatensur i
ngt hatt he theirfuture.Themosti mpor tantt hingi s,
childrendonotgobey ondt hel inesordo the parent s shoul d emphasi ze t hatt he
notbr eakt herul esofI sl
am.Theyhav eto childr
enconsi dert her el i
gion,t heat titude,
mai ntaintheirmannerandat t
itude.I fthe the job oft hei rcandi dat es when t hey
parent s and the soci etyf eelt hatt hey mean t o make a deci sion.The par ent s
children hav e done somet hing whi ch is should notal low t he chi ldren t o mar ry
forbidden,t heywi l
lber emindedorev en someonewhoi sf asiq.I tissai dt hati fa
puni shed.I tdepends on t he si t
uat i
on man i sf asi q,i t means he does not
faced.Thei rchildrenar enotallowedt obe considert her ulesi nI slam.Thi si ndicat es
closewi t
hamar ried manoramar ri
ed thathemaynothav eav erygoodat ti
tude.
woman,si ncei tcanr uinsomeoneel se
s He wi llnotbe abl et ol ead t he fami ly
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Page88-
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especi
all
y,t
obet
hel
eaderf
orhi
swi
fe. marr
yany onewi t
houtherper
missi
on.I
tis
duetothefactthatiti
sherhappi
nessand
Therefor
e,i
tiscleart hatthemai n herfut
urewhi charebeingputonar isk.
purposeofamar ri
agei st oav oi
dbei ng Ther
efore,itisherr i
ghtto sayso (Al-
worldly-minded, si nce the mai n Maududi,1999:83).
consider at
ionli
esonthereligi
ousaspect s.
Isl
am r equir
esamant o chooseawi fe I
n pr oposi
ng,bot h si des speak
whoi sr el
igi
ousandhasgoodat t
itude.I t respectf
ull
yandpol i
tel
y.Thedeci sioni s
i
st oensur ethatt
hecoupl ecanr unt heir madet hroughadi scussionori nI sl
ami c
l
ife t ogether and f ace al l problems term, i t is commonl y known as
together . musyawar ah. What ever the deci sions
mightbemade,si ncei tisdonet hrough
I
ti s not onl yf or seeking t he musyawar ah,whet her the mar ri
age i s
pleasure,butal so tof ulf
il
lthe r eli
gion agreed ordi sagr
eed,none shoul df eel
appeal .Oncet hemani ssur eaboutt he regret
.The ai m oft he processes i st o
reli
giosit
yaspectoft hewomen, he,thenis ensurethatbot hsi
desf eelcont entf airl
y.
all
owedt o t heconsi derbeaut yandt he All
ahsay si nsurahAsy -
Sy ur
av erse38:
wealth.Fr om hadi th statedpr eviously
,it andt hosewhohaver espondedtotheir
can be assumed t hatI slam shows t he l
ord and established prayerand whose
pathf orev er
ymanandwomant ochoose affai
ri s( deter
mi ned by) consult
ati
on
the r i
ghtcr it
er i
at o mar ry.How Pauh among t hemselves,and f rom whatWe
considersway st o chooseal i
fe-part
ner havepr ovi
dethem,t heyspend.Thepoi
nt
refer
st ohowI slam arrangesthemar ri
age. l
earnedf rom thi
ssur ahist ounderstand
I
slami
c Educat
ion Val
ues dur
ing t
he that doing musy awaraah is strongly
Pr
oposal suggested;thus,itisnecessary.If
,later
,
mistakesaremade,t hemistakeswillnot
The main pur pose of mar esek beasmuch asonesdonewi t
houtany
processionistof i
ndoutwhet hertheman musyawar ah.(Al-
Mar aghi
y:350).
i
sal readymar ri
ageor ,perhaps,engaged
with someone el se. This process i s Musyawar
ah (discussi on or
commonl y done by t he famil
y of t he consult
ati
on) is done i n al l weddi ng
women.But ,beforeitisdone,thef ami l
y pr onsuchasmar
ocessi esek,nai aksiriah,
shouldhav eensuredthatthewomenhav e maant a tando (gi
vi
ng t he gi ft), and
alr
eadyagr eed.Thewomenshoul dhav e mambuek har i(day
s deci sion).Itist o
alr
eady known who t he man i s. It avoidanypossibl
emi st
akes,andt oav oid
explainedbyhadi sofRasul ul
lahSaw. ;a theclasht hatmayhappenbet weent he
widowmaynotmar ryti
llsheagr eesanda twof amil
y.Themusy awarahl eadst oan
gi
rlmaynotmar ryti
llsheper mit
s,and agreementwherebothsidesf eel fai
rl
y.
SahabahaskedRasulul
lah:howi sthegi
rl
permissi
on?Andheanswer ed:herquitei
s
herpermissi
on.
(Mutt
afaqAlayh). ThePr
ocessi
onsofWeddi
ngCer
emony
I
slam does notgive an absol
ute TheIslami
cEducati
onVal
uesdur
ingt
he
r
ightt
othefatherorgrandfat
heroruncle WeddingCeremony
t
ohavethewomanmar ri
ed.Therighti
sin
t
hewomanwhowi llmarry
,shemaynot ThePr
epar
ati
onoft ng.I
heWeddi n
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-Ta'
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uesi
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emony.| 93
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ami
cEducat
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uesi
ntheWeddi
ngCer
emony.| 95
Ant
ropol
ogi Sosi
al. Jakar
ta: PT. Bukhar
i,I(
1981).Shohehal
-Bukhar
i.Bei
rut
:
Jambat
an Daral-
Fikr
i
-
--
.(1984).Kebudayaan Ment
ali
tas dan I
bnu,H.(1996)Al-
Ihsanbitar
t
biShoheh
Pembangunan. Jakarta: PT. I
bnuHibban.Beir
ut,
Lebanon:Daral
Gramedi
a -
Kutubal-
Il
miah
Nur
, D. (1993). Fi
qih Munakahat
, Al
-Tar
mizi.Sunanal -
Turmuziwahuaal -
Semar
ang:Di
mas Jamial
-Soheh.JuzI
I.Dit
ahqi
qol
eh
Abdul Wahab Abdul Lat if.
Semarang:TohaPutra.[
t.
th]
Pal
m,DR. C. H. M. ( . Sej
1980) arah
Antr
opol
ogiBudaya.Bandung:PT.
Jemmars
Raj
ab, Muhammad. ( . Si
1969) stem
Keker
abat
an Di Mi
nangkabau.
Padang:Cent
erf
orMi
nangkabau
Studi
es
Ramay
uli
s.,Dj
alal
udi
n.,& Sy
amsudin,M.
( . Pendi
2001) dikan I
slam dalam
Rumah Tangga. Jakar t
a Pusat:
Kalam Muli
a
Rasy
id,S.(
1976)
.Fi
ch I
slam.Jakar
ta:
Att
ahari
yah-
Yayasan
Penyel
enggar
a Pent er
jemah Al
Qur
an
Ri
fai
.( .Hukum Per
1990) kawinan Adat
Minangkabau. Padang: Jurusan
PMPFPI PSIKI
PPadang
q,S.Fi
Sabi qhSunnah,6,7,8.(2005)
.Ter
j.
Bandung:
PT.Al-
Maar i
f
Shi
hab,M.Q.( .Taf
2000) siral
-Mi
shbah
Pesan,Kesan dan Keserasi
an al-
Qur`
an,Vol
ume2, Cet.
ke-1.Jakar
ta:
Lent
eraHat
i
Sy
alt
hout,M.S.( .AlFat
1973) aawa I
I.
Jakar
ta:
Bul
anBint
ang
Sy
ari
ef,M.S.(
1976).Terj
emahanBulughul
Maram.Bandung:PT.AlMa
ari
f
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