e O i l F a c t o r

TThhe Castrol Guide to Motor Oil and Automotive Maintenance

Dear Educator:
As an automotive educator, you are probably aware that todays smaller, higher-powered automobile
engines, which typically operate under severe driving conditions, place greater demands on motor oil than
ever before.And that means a greater need for todays new drivers and future automotive specialists to
understand the key aspects of automotive lubrication and its role in overall automotive maintenance.To
assist you in teaching these important topics, LearningWorks, in cooperation with BP Lubricants USA Inc.
the maker of premium-quality Castrol motor oils is pleased to provide this free educational program,
The Oil Factor:The Castrol Guide to Motor Oil and Automotive Maintenance.
Designed for driver education and automotive mechanics classes, The Oil Factor comes with a set of
reproducible classroom activity sheets that cover topics such as:
the function of motor oil in an automobile engine;
the causes of sludge build-up and the damage it can do to an engine;
the differences between conventional and synthetic motor oils;
choosing the right motor oil for various driving conditions;
how to check and change a vehicles motor oil; and
the importance of changing motor oil as part of routine auto maintenance.
To accommodate differing levels of automotive knowledge, the programs introductory and concluding
activities come in two versions, one geared to the beginning drivers need for basic information, the other
taking a more technical approach suited to future automotive specialists.The programs central activities, which
cover more general topics, are presented in terms that all students should easily understand. In addition, the
program includes take-home booklets to engage parents in this important learning experience as well.
We encourage you to share this timely program with other instructors in your school.Although the
materials are copyrighted, you have permission to photocopy all components of the program for educational
purposes.
And please take a moment to fill out and return the enclosed reply card, so that you will remain eligible
to receive free LearningWorks educational programs in the future.Your comments help us as we create
teaching materials that make a difference in the classroom.We look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely,

Dr. Dominic Kinsley

Editor in Chief
LearningWorks 35 Marvel Road, New Haven, CT 06515 (203) 389-7283
Castrol, GTX, and SYNTEC are all registered trademarks of BP Lubricants USA Inc.
Introduction Program Components
The Oil Factor: The Castrol Guide 1. This teachers guide, which includes
to Motor Oil and Automotive background information, presentation Activity One
Maintenance is an educational program
designed to introduce students in driver
suggestions, and answers for each class- Motor Oil Essentials
room activity, and follow-up activities to
education and automotive mechanics classes There are two versions of this introductory activity:
enhance the learning experience.
a version for driver education students on one
to the fundamentals of motor oils function, 2. Five reproducible activities for students to side of the sheet, and a more challenging version
application, and classification, and its critical use as worksheets.Activities One and Five for automotive mechanics students on the
importance to the proper operation and are dual-sided, with one side designed for reverse. Both versions are designed to help
maintenance of every motor vehicle. driver education classes and the reverse for students assess their knowledge of motor oil,
The reproducible activity sheets that form automotive mechanics classes.Activities providing a review of what they might know
the heart of this program offer comprehen- Two through Four are designed for both already and a foundation for further learning.
sive activities covering key aspects of motor beginning drivers and aspiring automotove Have students complete the activity individually
oil and automotive maintenance.Through specialists. as an ungraded quiz, then review their answers
these activities, students will learn the role in a class discussion, encouraging students to
3. A dual-sided reproducible car-care handout add information and raise questions as you
motor oil plays in engine performance; the providing an auto maintenance calendar for
causes and consequences of sludge build-up; cover each point. (You may also wish to use this
new drivers on one side, and an oil change activity again at the program's conclusion to
the differences between synthetic and checklist for future auto mechanics on the reinforce student learning.)
conventional motor oil; how motor oil is other.
manufactured to meet various driving
4. A wall poster for display in the classroom
conditions; how to distinguish the different
as a motivational tool and reminder of the
Driver Education Version
types and grades of motor oil and choose Answers
program and its goals.
the right motor oil for any vehicle; how to
check and change a vehicles motor oil; and 5. Take-home booklets containing helpful 1. The main function of motor oil in your
the importance of changing motor oil motor oil and car-care information for vehicle is to:
regularly as part of overall automotive families. b. provide lubrication between moving
maintenance. 6. A reply card for your comments. Please metal parts of the engine.
return this card to remain eligible to Although motor oil does help cool the engine
Target Audience receive free LearningWorks programs in
during operation, its main function is to provide
lubrication between the moving metal parts of
This program is designed for use as a supple- the future.
the engine. Engine coolant (antifreeze) prevents
ment to driver education and automotive overheating; transmission fluid makes it easier to
mechanics classes in high school and
vocational-technical institutions.
Using the Program change gears.
Components 2. When a vehicles motor oil runs low or is
not regularly changed:
Program Objectives 1. Review the program activities and choose
c. both (sludge accumulation and friction).
those most appropriate for your students.
To inform students of important facts and If an engines oil is not maintained to the
The activities are presented in a logical
procedures concerning motor oil and its recommended level or is not regularly changed,
sequence, but you can alter the order to fit
role in automotive maintenance. sludge can accumulate, accelerating engine wear,
your class plans.
To introduce the fundamentals of motor oil and friction can occur between metal engine
function, formulation, and classification.
2. Photocopy the reproducible sheets to parts, which can cause serious damage such as a
provide a complete set for each student in blown piston rod.
To help students identify the grades and your class. Make a master copy of all
types of motor oil appropriate for various
3. A vehicles motor oil level is checked
components of the program to share with with a:
driving conditions. other teachers in your school.
a. dipstick.
To highlight recent advances in motor oil 3. Display the poster in your classroom or Even in this age of sophisticated electronic
technology, including synthetics, and the shop to generate interest in the program; devices, an engines oil level is still checked the
advantages of using premium motor oil. keep the poster on display as a long-term old-fashioned way with a dipstick, which is
To encourage proper motor oil reminder of the importance of proper removed, wiped clean, and re-inserted manually
maintenance, including checking and motor oil maintenance. to obtain a visual reading of a mark which
changing a vehicles motor oil regularly. 4. Conclude the program by distributing indicates if the level is high, low, or right where
copies of the enclosed take-home booklet, it should be.
encouraging students to share this 4. When a vehicles motor oil level is at the
information with their families and to keep add mark on the indicator, you need to
it handy as a reference in the car, garage, or add:
shop. a. one quart.
The add level on the dipstick indicates that
one quart of oil should be added; lower
 readings will require adding more oil and conditions that most drivers experience today 6. Viscosity is a measure of motor oils:
usually indicate that a vehicle is overdue for an and can be used in all cars, not just high
oil change or may need servicing. powered or heavy duty vehicles. c. thickness and thinness, or
resistance to flow
5. As a general rule, a vehicles motor oil 10. The best way to find the recommended An oils viscosity is a measure of its thickness
should be changed every: grade of oil for your vehicle is: or thinness, or resistance to flow.
b. 3,000 miles or three months, which- b. to check your vehicles owners 7. In cold, winter weather, an engine would
ever comes first. manual. be best protected by an oil with:
Although you should follow the recommenda- Always consult the owners manual when
choosing motor oil for your car. Getting the a. low viscosity
tions for motor oil maintenance in a vehicles
right grade and type of oil does matter if you Because motor oil thickens when it cools, an
owners manual, the general rule recommends
want your car to operate reliably and efficiently oil with low viscosity one that is relatively
changing a vehicles motor oil every 3,000
for years to come. thin to begin with will flow and perform
miles or three months, whichever comes first.
better in cold, winter weather.
6. A vehicles motor oil can be changed by: 8. The grade of motor oil refers to its:
c. anyone, provided she or he follows Automotive Mechanics Version
b. viscosity
recommended guidelines. Answers A motor oils grade is an indication of the oils
If youre uncertain about doing your own oil
Part I viscosity (resistance to flow). In fact, its actually
change, its a good idea to have it done by a
called the SAE Viscosity Grade. (SAE stands for
mechanic or at a lube center. But the process 1. The two primary ingredients of
the Society of Automotive Engineers, one of
is not complicated and requires only a few conventional motor oil are:
the organizations that set the standards for
simple tools.As long as they know what b. petroleum base stocks and additives the grading and ratings of motor oil.)
theyre doing and follow the recommendations The primary ingredients of conventional
in the vehicle owners manual, anyone can motor oil are petroleum base stocks and
9. Which of the following motor oils has
change a cars oil. the highest viscosity?
performance additives. Synthetic motor oils
7. The grade of a motor oil refers to its: are composed of precisely engineered base d. SAE 20W-50.
stocks and performance additives. Of the motor oil grades listed, SAE 20W-50
b. viscosity, or how easily it flows.
has the highest viscosity rating at both low and
To perform its function as a lubricant, motor 2. Which of the following is a key function
high temperatures.
oil must flow easily and evenly through the of motor oil?
parts of an engine.Thus, viscosity is a major d. all of the above
10. As a general rule, how often should a
factor in selecting motor oils.Those with a low vehicles motor oil be changed?
A premium motor oil performs several key
viscosity will flow easily even under cold functions in the engine: it reduces friction, b. every 3,000 miles or three months,
conditions, though they may breakdown as lubricates and cools vital engine parts, and whichever comes first
temperatures rise.Those with a high viscosity protects against rust and corrosion. As a general rule, a vehicles oil should be
will flow easily in warm weather, though they changed every 3,000 miles or every three
may thicken too much in the cold.As students 3. The motor oil refining process separates
months, whichever comes first. However, one
will learn, this is why manufacturers have devel- crude oil from such undesirable
should always consult the recommendations in
oped multi-grade motor oils that flow easily components as:
a vehicles owners manual concerning oil
under a wide range of operating conditions. d. all of the above changes and other maintenance matters.
8. Premium motor oils are formulated for Wax, sulfur compounds, and nitrogen
compounds are all among the undesirable
11. When a vehicles motor oil runs low or
severe driving conditions.Which of these is not regularly changed, which of the
driving conditions is NOT severe? components removed from raw petroleum
following can occur?
during the process of refining crude oil.
b. mile after mile of highway driving. c. both of the above
Since an automobile engine operates at top 4. Detergents, antioxidants, rust inhibitors,
(sludge accumulation and friction)
efficiency when cruising at highway speeds, and viscosity modifiers are examples of:
If an engines oil is not maintained to the
mile after mile of highway driving is not c. performance additives recommended level or is not regularly
considered a severe driving condition (unless Detergents, antioxidants, rust inhibitors, and changed, sludge can accumulate, accelerating
it is compounded by extreme heat, towing, or viscosity modifiers all represent types of engine wear, and friction can occur between
dusty conditions). Stop-and-go traffic and performance additives that are blended into metal engine parts, which can cause engine
taking frequent short trips ARE considered most premium motor oils. seizure or a blown piston rod.
severe driving conditions, because they can 5. Which of these engine parts does not
increase the formation of sludge, which can 12. Which of the following does not
play a role in motor oil distribution? typify a type of modern motor oil?
inhibit the flow of motor oil.
b. dipstick c. Mono-grade.
9. Synthetic motor oils are designed for: The dipstick, while used to measure oil level, A mono-grade motor oil is manufactured with
d. all of the above. does not play a direct role in oil distribution, a single viscosity rating and therefore can be
Synthetic motor oils are made with precisely while the oil pump, oil jet, and oil sump used only within a narrow temperature range.
engineered based stocks that provide certainly do. Mono-grades were once the standard and
superior protection and performance.They are required seasonal oil changes in regions with
designed to stand up to the severe driving summer and winter temperature extremes.
 Multi-grades are the standard today.They special additives called dispersants, which part of the driver while another plays a
provide engine protection across a range of protect against sludge build-up by keeping knowledgeable automotive specialist. In each
temperatures and come in many different contaminant particles from clotting together. scenario, the automotive specialist should
types such as conventional, synthetic, high To reinforce this important lesson in motor oil correct the drivers mistaken idea about his
mileage each formulated to meet specific maintenance, the activity presents three or her car problem and explain why sludge
driving needs. driving scenarios, challenging students to build-up is the most likely cause of poor
Part II identify for each scenario the factors likely engine performance.
Oil flows through the engine in the following contributing to sludge build-up and the
order: 1. Oil sump, 2. Pick-up tube, 3. Oil symptoms that sludge has already begun to
pump, 4. Oil filter, 5. Main bearings, 6. Oil jet, impair engine performance. Have students Activity Three
7. Camshaft bearings, 8. Hydraulic lash
adjuster.
complete this activity individually, then review
their answers in a class discussion, asking Conventional or
students to explain how the drivers in these Synthetic?
Follow-Up Activities scenarios could have avoided sludge build-up.
This activity helps prepare students to choose
1. Encourage students to take this quiz home to Answers the best oil for any vehicle by exploring the
test the motor oil savvy of licensed drivers in differences between conventional and
1. Contributing Factors: Every day driving in
their families. Compare results in a class synthetic motor oils. Students learn how
stop-and-go traffic accelerates sludge build-up
discussion. conventional and synthetic motor oils are
in Rays engine.
2. Have students photocopy and bring to class Symptoms of Damage: Rays loss of manufactured, then examine some key
the motor oil section of the owners manual horsepower on the highway can indicate benefits of synthetic oil and some myths
for their own or their familys vehicle. Share that sludge build-up has already begun to about synthetics that still persist, despite the
this information in a class discussion to undermine his engines performance. fact that synthetics have been proving their
compare oil change intervals and oil grade superior effectiveness for decades.
2. Contributing Factors: Frequent short trips
recommendations across a wide variety of Part I of the activity lists some unique
combined with an extended interval between
vehicles. characteristics of synthetics, all of which are
oil changes is a formula for serious sludge
3. Locate diagrams of several different modern build-up. Sandy should recognize that she chemically engineered into synthetic motor
automobile engines and have automotive does not drive under normal conditions oil during the production process. Students
mechanics students compare the engine and cannot go as long between oil changes as match each characteristic to the performance
designs and how lubrication requirements her owners manual recommends. benefit it provides. Have students complete
may differ for each one. Symptoms of Damage: Increased engine this part of the activity individually, then
noise and the first signs of engine seizure are review their answers in class.
a warning that sludge build-up is already Part II of the activity debunks the most common
Activity Two damaging Sandys engine. myths about synthetic motor oil, providing
Engine Enemy #1 3. Contributing Factors: Persistent cold students with the facts to correct each
misconception. Students then put this
This activity focuses on the consequences of weather conditions and extended idling in
traffic jams can both cause sludge to build up knowledge into practice by pairing up to role
neglecting motor oil maintenance, introducing play situations in which an oil shopper asks an
students to sludge and the harm it can do to quickly in an auto engine.
Symptoms of Damage: Reduced gas automotive expert for advice. Encourage your
an automobile engine. shoppers to use their knowledge to question
mileage, which presumably becomes worse as
Students learn that sludge is composed of the winter wears on, may be a clear sign that the automotive expert closely in each role-
contaminants produced during engine sludge is steadily decreasing the efficiency of play, and encourage your experts to practice
operation that are neutralized by the motor Terris engine. helping each shopper to recognize the
oil as it circulates and held in suspension until superior benefits of a top-of-the-line engine
they can be drained out of the engine at an Follow-Up Activities lubricant.
oil change. If the oil is not changed regularly, 1. As the scenario involving Sandy illustrates, so- Answers
these contaminants can clot together to form called normal driving conditions are increas-
a dark, sticky goo that reduces the oils ability ingly rare today. Most vehicles now operate Part I: 1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-a.
to lubricate and cool vital engine parts and under severe driving conditions that require Part II: Suggested answers
can even clog the passageways through which frequent oil changes and top quality engine
1. Synthetic motor oils do not void a new
the oil circulates, causing decreased engine protection.To reinforce this important point,
cars warranty. In fact, synthetics meet or
performance, reduced gas mileage, increased take a show of hands as you name the most
exceed every manufacturers motor oil
engine noise, and even engine seizure. common types of severe driving frequent
performance standards.
Sludge builds up more quickly under severe short trips, stop-and-go traffic, sitting in traffic
jams with the engine idling. Students may be 2. Synthetic motor oils are not just for
driving conditions such as those most drivers new cars. Quality synthetic motor oil can be
encounter today stop-and-go traffic, short surprised at how few of them actually drive
under normal conditions. used in old as well as new cars, including
trip driving, extended idling in traffic jams as vehicles in which conventional oil was
well as in cold and humid weather.Thats why, 2. In automotive mechanics classes, have previously used. Synthetic motor oils are
in addition to changing the oil regularly, drivers students role play the scenarios described on
beneficial for the good health, long life, and
should use a quality motor oil that includes the activity sheet, with one student taking the
top performance of both old and new cars.
3. Today theres no need to break in an Activity Four 4. Evan: 5W-50, which offers the widest range
engine with conventional oil before of protection, would be a wise choice for
using a synthetic. New cars can benefit Making the Right short-trip driving outside Chicago, where the
from synthetics right from the start. In fact,
many new cars now come with synthetic
Choice winters can be frigid and the summers blazing.
This dual-sided activity guides students through Part II
motor oil already in the engine, as more and
more auto manufacturers make synthetics the process of choosing the right motor oil by 1. b Brians ten-year-old SUV would benefit from
their factory standard. showing them how to decode the numbers a high mileage motor oil like Castrol GTX
and letters that identify different grades of High Mileage, which is designed for older cars
4. Theres no harm in switching back and motor oil and by introducing them to the with more than 75,000 miles on the odometer.
forth between conventional and major types of motor oil available today.The Brians best choice would be a synthetic, like
synthetic motor oil. The two are activity consists of an Oil Type Chart on Castrol SYNTEC, to provide the best low
completely compatible, and there are even one side of the sheet and a classroom activity temperature start-up protection and superior
combination conventional/synthetic motor oils on the other. Provide all students with copies protection for high power towing.
on the market, like Castrol SYNTEC Blend. of both sides of the reproducible sheet. 2. d The combination of stop-and-go commuting
Follow-Up Activities Part l of the activity explains that motor oil with Floridas humid weather is a recipe for
1. The choice between conventional and grades are based on viscosity, and that rapid sludge formation. Claire could choose a
synthetic motor oil is somewhat like other different grades are formulated for different conventional oil with special anti-sludge
choices drivers have faced over the years as operating temperatures. Students learn that additives, like Castrol GTX, though a better
automotive technology has improved. Have multi-grade motor oils are formulated to choice would be a synthetic, like Castrol
students research or talk with parents about provide protection across a range of SYNTEC, to give her engine maximum
some of these choices: bias vs. radial tires; operating temperatures, and learn to interpret protection.
conventional vs.ABS braking systems; water the multi-grade designation found in the API 3. a A conventional motor oil, like Castrol GTX,
and anti-freeze vs. all-weather coolant.Then (American Petroleum Institute) donut is probably the right choice for all-around
talk in class about the underlying factors that printed on almost every container of motor engine protection on long drives in rural
have influenced drivers decisions in each case oil. Students then use this information to Tennessee. Or Dawn could choose a synthetic,
(safety, performance, convenience, etc.) and choose the appropriate grade of motor oil for like Castrol SYNTEC, for an extra measure of
how similar factors might help one make the each of four automotive scenarios. Have protection that will help keep her new car
choice between conventional and synthetic students complete this part of the activity running in top shape for years to come.
motor oil. individually or in small groups, then review the
answers in a class discussion 4. c The best choice for Evans pizza delivery
2. Have automotive mechanics students contact van would be a synthetic blend, like Castrol
local dealerships or use Internet resources to Begin Part II of the activity by reviewing the SYNTEC Blend, which is specially designed to
identify auto manufacturers who have made accompanying Oil Type Chart, which profiles protect against the wear and tear of short
the switch to synthetics in their new vehicles. the purpose and benefits of the major types trip driving. For superior protection under all
Collect information on these vehicles to of motor oil manufactured today.Then have driving conditions, Evan might choose a
create a class profile of engine features and students look back at the four scenarios synthetic, like Castrol SYNTEC.
capabilities made for synthetic motor oil. presented in Part I and recommend the best
Then take a look into the future to discuss type of motor oil for each driver. Compare Follow-Up Activities
which of these technological enhancements answers in a class discussion, then have 1. Have students find out what grade and type
will likely become standard in years to come. students complete Part III of the activity by of oil is currently being used in their family
3. Students may be surprised to learn that choosing the right grade and type of motor car. Based on what they have learned, is this
synthetic motor oil was first developed in the oil for their (or their family) vehicle. the best choice for the operating conditions
1930s and was used extensively during World Answers in their region of the country and their
War II when army tanks needed a motor oil familys driving habits?
Part I
that would not freeze up during the winter. 2. Suggest that students go to a local automotive
Have students research the history of 1. Brian: 5W-20 or 5W-30 would be the best supply store and take a close look at the
synthetic motor oils development with special choice for heavy-duty driving in the icy variety of motor oil products available. Have
attention to its use in vehicles, such as jet air- temperatures of an Idaho winter. But please them look for the API donut and other
planes and spacecraft, that require a lubricant note that 5W-20 can only be used in vehicles industry symbols, as well as on-package
custom-made to meet the most extreme where 5W-20 is specified by the manufacturer. information about different oil types, and
performance requirements. 2. Claire: 20W-50 would be a smart choice for report their findings in class.
engine-stressing stop-and-go driving in the 3. Invite automotive mechanics students to visit
Florida heat. the Castrol global website at www.castrol.com,
3. Dawn: 10W-30, the grade most widely used where they can find a wealth of information
by American drivers, would be a good choice on motor oil and learn how different grades
for long distance driving in Tennessee, where and types of oil are produced for vehicles
temperatures are typically moderate all year around the world.
round.
Activity Five When you distribute copies of the Car Care
Calendar, encourage students to take it home
Your Castrol
Oil Change Checklist
Time for a Change and record their cars vital statistics, then post
This reproducible handout provides students with
There are two versions of this concluding activity: it in the garage or keep it in their cars glove
a handy checklist that can help them keep
a version for driver education students on compartment as a ready reference.
track of everything that should be checked on
one side of the sheet, and a version for a car whenever they do an oil change
automotive mechanics students on the Automotive Mechanics Version including such fluids as coolant, brake,
reverse. Both versions focus on the transmission and power steering fluid; tire
importance of changing a vehicles motor oil This final activity emphasizes the critical pressure; belts and hoses; and wipers.
regularly by guiding students through the steps importance of checking and changing a
involved. Driver education students learn how vehicles motor oil regularly, and provides When you distribute copies of the Oil Change
to check an engines oil level using a dipstick students with step-by-step instructions for Checklist, encourage students to post it at
and practice making arrangements for an oil safely and successfully changing a vehicles home or in the garage as a ready reference.
motor oil.Additionally, the activity presents
change.Automotive mechanics students learn Follow-Up Activities
how to change a vehicles motor oil safely and information on other fluids and lubricants that
should be also be checked when a car 1. Arrange a field trip to a local automotive or
discuss how to avoid some typical oil change
receives an oil change, as part of the engines oil change center to give students a firsthand
mishaps.The two versions are complementary
overall maintenance. look at how professional technicians check,
and can be used together to give both
maintain, and change motor oil and other
beginning drivers and future automotive Part I presents a step-by-step oil-change guide. Be fluids and lubricants. Have students prepare
professionals a comprehensive introduction to sure to review each step with students in specific questions for the mechanics they will
this topic. class, and stress the importance of Step Seven meet.
disposing of used oil properly.The descrip-
2. Have students research the environmental
tion of this step includes an Internet link
Driver Education Version through which students can find a waste oil
dangers of pouring used motor oil down a
Have students complete Part I of the activity at drain or sewer, and encourage them to find
disposal center in their area.The step-by-step
home by following the step-by-step directions out all they can about local, state, and federal
guide concludes with with an Oil Change
on the worksheet to check and record the oil oil recycling programs. Students can also
Report form which students can use to
level in their own or their familys car.Then investigate new products created from
practice recording the information they will
have them discuss and compare their findings recycled oil.A good place to start is the
need to report when making an oil change as
in a class discussion.You can also use this part www.earth911.org website, which has a
a professional information such as
of the activity to demonstrate checking the oil complete section on used motor oil recycling.
make/model,VIN #, mileage, etc. Review this
level of a vehicle at school. Hold a class discussion on this topic in which
section with students as well, then have them
students can share what they have learned.
Part II begins with a reminder of the general complete Part I of the activity as homework,
or use it to have student volunteers demon- 3. Have automotive mechanics students choose
guidelines for motor oil maintenance, then another type of automotive fluid brake fluid,
asks students to gather information they will strate an oil change using a vehicle at school.
transmission fluid, etc. and research its
need when its time to take their car in for an Part II of the activity sets up a class discussion on function, composition, maintenance, and
oil change the location of a convenient preventing mishaps that might occur during an importance to the safe and reliable operation
facility, its hours of operation, the fee charged, oil change. Review the list and invite students of a motor vehicle.
and the kind of oil they will have put into their to suggest what might have caused the mishap,
car. Have students complete this part of the and how it could have been prevented.
activity in small groups, using the Internet to
gather information, then compare answers in a Answers
class discussion. Part II
Your Castrol 1. Losing the oil plug can be prevented by making
Car Care Calendar sure you complete its removal by hand rather
than with your wrench and place it on the
This reproducible handout provides students with bench rather than let it sit in the drain pan.
a handy seasonal calendar that can help them
2. Ensuring a tight seal for the new filter by
keep track of their cars overall maintenance
applying a light film of oil to the gasket will
throughout the year. It provides a checklist of
help prevent leaks.
auto maintenance essentials appropriate to
each season, including regular oil changes, and 3. Over-tightening the oil filter can be prevented
periodic checks of various systems, such as by snugging it up tightly by hand, rather than
electrical, coolant, tires, and wipers.Theres using the filter wrench to tighten it up.
also space for students to record their cars 4. Prevent overfilling by checking the owners
vital statistics, as recommended in the manual ahead of time to be sure you know
owners manual, for ready reference tire size the engines oil capacity.
and pressure, motor oil type/grade, light bulb 5. Prevent spilling by using a funnel to pour the
and wiper blade replacement size, etc. oil into the filler tube.
2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.
 Driver Education

Factor Activity One

The Oil
Motor Oil Essentials
So, youre learning to drive... and well-meaning experienced drivers are
bombarding you with advice about practically everything to do with your
driving and your car.Well, heres some advice you can really count on
choosing the right motor oil for your vehicle and changing it regularly are two
of the most important things you can do for your cars engine.

Sound familiar? Take this quiz to see how much you really know about motor oil and to learn more.

1 The main function of motor oil in your

vehicle is to _______ 6 A vehicles motor oil can be
changed by _______
a. only a certified mechanic.
a. keep the engine from overheating.
b. provide lubrication between moving metal parts b. someone working at a qualified lube center.
of the engine. c. anyone provided she or he follows recommended guidelines.
c. make it easier to change gears while driving.

7
The grade of a motor oil
refers to its _______
2 When a vehicles motor oil runs low or
is not regularly changed _______ a. lubricity, or how slippery it is.
b. viscosity, or how easily it flows.
a. sludge can accumulate and cause decreased performance
and in some cases, engine seizure. c. formulation, or the number of additives it contains.
b. friction between engine parts can cause serious damage.
c. both of the above can happen.
8 Premium motor oils are formulated for severe
driving conditions.Which of these driving conditions
is NOT severe?
3 checked with a _______
A vehicles motor oil level is
a. sitting in stop-and-go traffic.
a. dipstick. b. mile after mile of highway driving.
b. gauge. c. frequent short trips less than five miles.
c. computer.

9 Synthetic motor oils are

designed for _______
4 When a vehicles oil level is at the add mark on
the indicator, you need to add _______
a. high performance sports cars.
b. minivans and SUVs.
a. one quart.
c. family sedans.
b. two quarts. d. all of the above.
c. three quarts.

10
The best way to find the recommended grade

5 As a general rule, a vehicles motor oil should be

changed every _______
of oil for your vehicle is _______
a. to ask a friend who has the same kind of vehicle as you.
a. 1,000 miles or one month, whichever comes first. b. to check your vehicles owners manual.
b. 3,000 miles or three months, whichever comes first. c. neither, the grade of the oil doesnt matter.
c. 5,000 miles or five months, whichever comes first.

2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.

 Auto Mechanics

Factor Activity One

The Oil
Motor Oil Essentials
Your interest in and experience with automotive mechanics may make you already
familiar with the key functions of motor oil and with the simple fact that
choosing the right oil for a vehicle and changing the oil regularly are among the
most important things you can do for any car.

But theres always more to learn, right? So heres a quiz to help you discover even more
about the function, composition, and science of motor oil what we call The Oil Factor.

Part I
9
Which of the following motor oils has the
highest viscosity?
The two primary ingredients of conventional
1 motor oil are _____
a. hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds
a. SAE 5W-30
b. SAE 10W-30
c. SAE 10W-40
d. SAE 20W-50
b. petroleum base stocks and additives As a general rule, how often should a vehicles
c. crude oil and nitrogen compounds
Which of the following is a key function of
10 motor oil and filter be changed?
a. every 1,000 miles or one month, whichever comes first
2 motor oil?
a. reduces friction
b. every 3,000 miles or three months, whichever comes first
c. every 5,000 miles or five months, whichever comes first
b. lubricates and cools vital engine parts
When a vehicles motor oil runs low or is not
c. protects against rust and corrosion
d. all of the above 11 regularly changed, which of the following can occur?
a. sludge can accumulate and cause decreased
3
The motor oil refining process separates crude oil
from such undesirable components as _______ performance and in some cases, engine seizure
a. wax c. sulfur b. friction between engine parts can cause an engine
b. nitrogen d. all of the above breakdown
c. both of the above
Detergents, antioxidants, rust inhibitors and viscosity
4 modifiers are examples of _______
a. refining byproducts 12
Which of the following does not typify a type of
modern motor oil?
b. crude oil components a. High Mileage c. Mono-grade
c. performance additives b. Synthetic d. Conventional
Which of these engine parts does not play a role in
5 motor oil distribution?
a. oil pump c. oil jet
b. dipstick d. oil sump 8
_____hydraulic lash adjuster
Part II _____camshaft bearings
Viscosity is a measure of motor oils _______
6 a. chemical composition
b. lubricating ability
Follow the oil
flow through
c. thickness and thinness, or resistance to flow the engine.
Each point
In cold, winter weather, an engine would be best
7 protected by an oil with _______
a. low viscosity
is labeled
but not
numbered.
_____oil jet
(pistons/cylinders)
b. high viscosity Add the _____oil filter
c. anti-freeze additives numbers to
The grade of motor oil refers to its _______ show the flow.
8 a. resistance to corrosion
b. viscosity
Numbers 1
and 8 are
c. energy-conserving properties done for you.
1
_____oil sump
_____oil pump _____pick-up tube
_____main bearings

2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.

 Driver Education/

Factor Activity Two Auto Mechanics

The Oil
Engine Enemy #1
Now that you increased engine noise. It can even cause an engine to seize up
know some and break down entirely.That goo is sludge, Engine Enemy #1.
basic facts
Stop-and-go traffic, short trips, and cold or humid weather all
about motor
contribute to sludge build-up. Changing your motor oil regularly
oil, lets take a
is the best way to prevent sludge.Also, in addition to regular oil
close look at
changes, you should choose a motor oil engineered to stop the
what can happen if you neglect your engines motor
formation of sludge with special additives called dispersants
oil. But dont get too close. Its going to get ugly. It even sounds
that keep contaminants from clotting together and gooping
ugly.The experts call it sludge.
things up. Castrol GTX, for example, is formulated to provide
Whats sludge? Well, you know that motor oil helps keep an superior sludge protection for your engine helping you fight
engines vital parts clean by picking up contaminants, including Engine Enemy #1.
fuel residue, water, soot, stray gases, acids, microscopic metal
Ready to take action against sludge?Take a look at these car
grindings, and just plain dirt.As these contaminants build up in
owner scenarios.For each one,identify the factors contributing to
the motor oil, they turn into a nasty goo that reduces the oils
sludge build-up and the symptoms that sludge has already become
ability to lubricate and cool critical engine parts. In time, this goo
a problem.
can clog the engine, causing lower gas mileage, loss of power, and

Scenario Factors Contributing to Symptoms of Sludge-

Sludge Build-Up Caused Engine Damage

1 Ray commutes to school through stop-and-go traffic

every day, so on the weekends he likes to cut loose
with long drives into the countryside. Lately, though,
hes noticed that he doesnt get the same pick-up
when hes cruising the highway and wonders if he
should upgrade his gasoline.

2
The owners manual for Sandys car says to change
the oil every 5,000 miles under normal driving
conditions. But normal driving for Sandy means lots
of short trips running errands around town. Shes
been changing her oil every 5,000 miles as the
owners manual recommends, but lately her engine
seems noisy and even stutters sometimes, as though
it were going to stall. Shes thinking she may need a
tune-up.

3 she loves snowboarding. No matter how cold it

Terri goes to college in Colorado, partly because

gets, she heads to the mountains every weekend,

sometimes sitting through hour-long back-ups to get
on the slopes. She knows that winter weather can
be tough on cars and figures thats why she gets
such poor gas mileage during snow season.

2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.

 Driver Education/

Factor Activity Three Auto Mechanics

The Oil
Conventional or Synthetic?
There are many factors involved in choosing the right motor oil for your vehicle,
but one of the first questions youre likely to ask is,Whats the difference
between conventional motor oil and synthetic? The short answer is that synthetic
motor oil is custom-made to provide the best possible protection for your
engine. Heres the long answer:
Conventional motor oil is made with a petroleum base stock.At the refinery, crude oil is
separated into different petroleum products gasoline, heating oil, lubricating oil, even asphalt.The base stock produced for motor
oil is then processed further to remove impurities like wax and sulfur, and finally mixed with a variety of additives designed to
improve the oils performance in your engine.
The base stocks used in synthetic motor oil are of much higher quality than those used in conventional motor oils.These base
oils are chemically converted to provide consistent and predictably superior performance to withstand the most demanding engine
conditions.This synthetic base stock is then formulated with advanced additives to produce a motor oil that outperforms conven-
tional motor oil by every standard. Castrol SYNTEC, for example, is engineered to provide superior engine protection that outper-
forms leading conventional and synthetic blend oils, passing severe industry torture tests.

Part I Synthetic Motor Oil Characteristics Synthetic Motor Oil Benefits

Listed here are some 1. ___ Maximum flow and pumpability at low a. Prevents harmful deposits from draining engine
unique characteristics temperatures. power and decreasing gas mileage.
of synthetic motor oil. 2. ___ Minimal evaporation at high temperatures. b. Circulates quickly at start-up and smoothly in
See if you can match 3. ___ Superior lubrication at critical points of cold weather.
each characteristic to high heat and heavy pressure. c. Resists burn-off that can result in oil loss and
the performance 4. ___ Keeps engines cleaner longer. harmful emissions.
benefit it provides. d. Provides protection even at high temperatures
and high stress points.

Part II
Despite its clear superiority, synthetic motor oil is the subject of some myths that might ow help these myth-tified drivers learn the
misguide your choice of the best motor oil for your vehicle. For example: N facts about synthetics. Imagine that you
work in an auto supply store. Role-play each
MYTH: Synthetic and conventional MYTH: Using a synthetic motor oil situation with a partner, explaining why synthetic
motor oil are incompatible once you might void a new cars warranty. motor oil is always a smart choice.
switch to a synthetic, you cant go back. FACT: Synthetic motor oils meet or
Driver 1 has just bought a brand-new
FACT:You can switch from conventional exceed every manufacturers motor oil
mini-van for short-trip errands and everyday
to synthetic and back. Neither will cause performance standards.And synthetics
stop-and-go commuting. Shes heard that switch-
any problems.You can even switch to a actually set the standards for todays
ing to a synthetic will void her new car warranty.
combination conventional/synthetic most advanced engines.
motor oil, like Castrol SYNTEC Blend. Driver 2 owns a vintage sports car with more
MYTH: Synthetic oil is only for
than 100,000 miles on it. Hed like to try synthetic
MYTH: New cars need a break-in new cars.
motor oil, but hes been told that its only for new
period with conventional motor oil FACT: Quality synthetic motor oil can cars.
before you can switch to a synthetic. be used in old as well as new cars,
FACT: Todays new cars can benefit including vehicles in which conventional Driver 3 is picking up a new SUV next week.
from synthetics from the start. Many even oil was previously used. Synthetic motor She wants to use synthetic motor oil, but she
come with synthetic oil already in the oils are beneficial for the good health, understands you have to break in a new engine
engine, as more and more manufacturers long life, and top performance of both with conventional motor oil first.
make synthetics their factory standard. new and old cars. Driver 4 hauls his bass boat to lakes all over
the state. Hed like to upgrade to synthetic oil in
his pickup,but hes heard that switching can cause
engine problems.

2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.

 Driver Education/

Factor Activity Four Auto Mechanics

The Oil
Making the Right Choice
Finding the right motor oil for any vehicle involves making informed choices. First,
you have to decide which grade of motor oil is appropriate for the driving
conditions.Then you have to determine which type of oil best suits the drivers
needs. Lets get started!

Part I
One of the most perplexing things about choosing the donut, like the one shown here.This symbol shows
RVICE SM
right motor oil is figuring out those numbers and SE the oils service and energy conservation ratings by

/C
I
AP
letters that identify the different grades. Once you the American Petroleum Institute (API) and, in the

F
understand why there are different grades of motor SAE center, the oils grade rating by the Society of
oil, however, its actually pretty simple. 5W-30 Automotive Engineers (SAE).The first number in
the grade rating indicates the oils viscosity at low

G
EN
As you probably remember from Activity One, motor

IN
RG temperatures.The lower this W number, the
E
oil grades are based on viscosity, which is the technical V
Y C ONSER better the oil will perform in the winter cold.The
term for the oils thickness or thinness and how easily it
second number in the rating indicates the oils viscosity at
flows. Like all fluids, motor oil thins out when its heated and
high temperatures.The higher this number, the better the oil will
thickens up when its cooled.To keep your engine running, you
perform in summer heat.When you put the two rating numbers
need a motor oil that wont be too thick when youre starting up
together, youve got a good idea of the range of operating temper-
in the dead of winter or too thin to protect important engine
atures that a particular grade of oil can handle.
parts when youre stuck in traffic on a blazing summer day.Thats
why multi-grade oils are so popular.They are specially formulated Try it yourself using this multi-grade oil chart. For each of the
to perform across a wider range of operating temperatures. drivers described here, choose the oil grade youd recommend for
So, how can you find the right multi-grade oil? Just look for the API maximum engine performance.

Multi-Grade Oil Chart

5W-20 5W-30 5W-50 10W-30 10W-40 20W-50
Drivers Oil Grade
1. Brian uses his ten-year-old SUV to haul snowmobiles at a ski resort in Idaho.
2. Claire commutes thirty miles in stop-and-go traffic to her job at a Florida shopping mall.
3. Dawn needs to keep her new car in top shape for her job as a traveling nurse in rural Tennessee.
4. Evan depends on his mini-van to deliver pizzas year-round in the suburbs around Chicago.

Part II
In addition to different grades, there are many different types of motor oil, each one Drivers Oil Types
designed to meet specific driving needs and provide specific benefits.Youve already
learned about two types of oil, conventional and synthetic. Now take a look at the 1. ___ Brian a. Conventional
accompanying Oil Type Chart to see how many different types of Castrol motor oil 2. ___ Claire b. High Mileage
you can choose from. Read about what each type offers, then use the chart to tune up
your motor oil savvy. Match each of the drivers described above to the type of oil youd 3. ___ Dawn c. Synthetic Blend
recommend for his or her driving needs. Be prepared to explain the reasons for your 4. ___ Evan d. Synthetic
recommendations in class.
Part III: Your Turn
Ready for the most important motor oil choice? Use the space below to select the
grade of motor oil thats right for driving conditions where you live and the type and
brand of Castrol motor oil that meets your driving needs.
The Motor Oil
Thats Right For You: Grade: ___________ Type: ___________ Brand: ___________

2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.

 Driver Education/

Factor Activity Four Auto Mechanics

The Oil
Oil Type Chart
Motor oil is specially formulated to provide different levels of protection for your
engine.This chart shows the different brands of Castrol motor oil by type and
provides details on the benefits of each one. Use the chart to help you decide
which type and brand of Castrol motor oil you would recommend to each of the
drivers described in Activity 4. Be ready to explain the reasons for your choices in
a class discussion.

SUPERIOR PROTECTION HELPS EXTEND ADDED PROTECTION NO LEADING MOTOR OIL

AGAINST SLUDGE THE LIFE OF YOUR FOR FREQUENT PROVIDES MORE
BUILD-UP* ENGINE SHORT TRIPS HORSEPOWER*

Castrol GTX Castrol GTX Castrol SYNTEC Blend Castrol SYNTEC

High Mileage Helps your vehicle maintain
Formulated with unique Provides superior
dispersants to provide Specially formulated for protection against the maximum horsepower by
superior sludge protection vehicles with over 75,000 wear and tear caused by reducing harmful deposit
among leading oils miles short trip driving formation
Passed one of the industrys Provides superior Offers superior viscosity and Provides stability and
toughest sludge standards** protection against oil wear protection endurance under extreme
burn-off as compared to conditions like heat, load, and
Provides the highest North Combats volatility and speed
American standard of leading oils harmful deposits
protection against viscosity Contains seal conditioners Superior engine protection
Contains an added level of that outperforms leading
breakdown to help reduce oil leakage synthetic protection conventional and synthetic
Delivers unsurpassed blend oils, passing severe
protection against thermal industry tests
breakdown

Conventional High Mileage Synthetic Blend Synthetic

* Among leading motor oils. ** In 5W-30 and 10W-30 grades. * Castrol SYNTEC 10W-30 tested vs. other leading 10W-30s.

2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc. Castrol, GTX, and SYNTEC are all registered trademarks of BP Lubricants USA Inc.
 Driver Education

Factor Activity Five

The Oil
Time for a Change
Now that you know how to choose the right motor oil, its time to learn how
to check your oil and change it regularly the real keys to keeping your
engine protected.

Part I Experts recommend that you check your motor oil at least Part II As you know, your cars motor oil should be changed regularly.
once a week, or every time you fill up the gas tank.To get in the Experts recommend a change every 3,000 miles or three months,
habit, take this sheet home and follow the steps below to check the whichever comes first, but you should always check your owners manual
oil in your own or your family vehicle.* Youll find that its easy and for specific recommendations for your engine and vehicle.
only takes a few minutes. Use the spaces provided to record the level When the time comes to change your oil, youll want to be ready. So take
and condition of your motor oil, then bring your findings back to a few minutes now to gather the information youll need by filling out the
class so you can compare your results with those of your classmates. planning chart below.
Checking Your Oil Planning for a Change
Step 1 Read your owners manual for guidelines related to
checking and changing the motor oil in your vehicle. Where should I go? Find the most convenient
You can get your vehicles oil facility for you.
Then study the engine compartment diagram in the changed at any quick-lube center,
manual to find the location of your engines oil dipstick. Name:
car dealership, or service station
You might need to find out how to operate the in your area. If youre not familiar Location:
vehicles hood release, too. with one yourself, theyre easy to
Step 2 Make sure the engine is turned off and cool.Then find in your local phone book or Phone:
open the hood and locate your engines oil dipstick. online.
Step 3 Pull out the dipstick, wipe it with a rag to get a clean How long will it take? Hours when the facility is
reading, then reinsert it, making sure you push it all the Changing a cars oil is relatively open each day.
way in. Pull the dipstick out again and check the oil quick and simple.The actual Weekdays:
level at the tip. process should take no more than Weekends:
If the oil on the tip reaches only to the ADD mark 20 minutes assuming that this is
the only service being performed. Other:
on the dipstick, it usually means that you need to add a
quart of oil. (Check your owners manual to be sure.) How much will it cost? Fee charged by the facility and what
If the oil reaches below the ADD mark, youre Although prices vary, the average that fee includes.
seriously low on oil and probably overdue for an oil cost for a conventional oil change
change. is $25 - $30.This generally
includes the cost of the oil as well
If the oil reaches above the ADD mark, you have as checking and topping off other
enough motor oil but should still check the oils important automotive fluids
condition. If it appears dark and dirty, plan on an oil windshield washer, brake fluid,
change soon. If it looks fairly clear and golden, youre power steering fluid, etc. and
ready for the road. checking the tire pressure.
Step 4 If you need a quart of motor oil and have the right Which grade of oil Vehicle manufacturers
grade and type on hand, follow the owners manual should I ask for? recommended grade of
instructions for adding oil to the engine.Then wipe the Check your owners manual to be motor oil:
dipstick clean with a rag, and check the oil level again. sure you know the grade of oil
recommended for your vehicle. Operating conditions in your region:
Step 5 If the oil level and condition are satisfactory, replace
the dipstick securely in its proper location, close the Then talk with your mechanic to
hood tightly, and youre done! (Nothing to it, right?) decide on the right grade for
operating conditions in your
My Oil Findings: Level __________________________ region.
Condition: _____________________________________ What type of oil
should I choose? My Driving Needs:
*Safety Note: Used oil is hazardous.Avoid prolonged contact.Wash skin
thoroughly with soap and water after contact and launder or discard soiled
Most facilities use an all-purpose
clothes. Impermeable gloves and eye protection are recommended. house brand of motor oil, so
you should plan to ask for the
specific type and Castrol brand of
oil that meets your driving needs.
You can also bring your own Oil Type:
choice of motor oil with you My Castrol Brand:
when you go in for an oil change.
2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.
 Auto Mechanics

Factor Activity Five

The Oil
Time for a Change
Nows the time to put all that youve learned about motor oil and its critical
functions into practice by performing one of the most basic tasks an automotive
mechanic will face: changing a vehicles motor oil.
Its important to check a vehicles oil frequently, and it should be changed every
3,000 miles or three months (whichever comes first), or as recommended in the
vehicles owners manual.The oil filter should be changed about every 5,000 miles, or every other oil
change. Some other important automotive liquids and lubricants that should also be checked at every oil change include
power steering fluid, brake fluid, auto transmission fluid, and grease level.

Part I Follow these easy steps to change a vehicles motor oil. (Note: Step Six Add New Oil
Used oil is hazardous.Avoid prolonged contact. Wash skin thoroughly with Remove the oil filler cap and fill the engine with the required quantity
soap and wate after contact and launder or discard soiled clothes. of Castrol oil.
Impermeable gloves and eye protection are recommended.) Check the oil dipstick to assure proper fill level; replace the filler cap.
Step One Prepare the Vehicle Start the engine.Visually check under the engine for obvious leaks.
Warm engine to its normal operating temperature for about 5 - 10 If there are no leaks, run the engine for several minutes to distribute
minutes to make sure the oil will drain easily. the new oil throughout the engine.
Switch off the engine and let it cool sufficiently to reduce burn hazards. Turn off the engine and re-check the oil dipstick to assure proper oil level.
Raise the hood, locate the oil filler cap and loosen it to avoid creating a Step Seven Dispose of Used Oil Properly
vacuum that could impede drainage. Dispose of the used oil at an appropriate oil recycling center.You can find
Step Two Drain the Old Oil a center in your area by visiting the www.earth911.org website.
Locate the oil drain plug underneath the car normally toward the rear Step Eight Complete Your Oil-Change Report
of the engine sump. You should keep a record of every vehicle you work on. Many places now
Place the drain pan beneath the drain plug and slightly toward the back. keep these records in the computer, but you will need to provide the
Engage the plug with your wrench and turn it counter-clockwise until it information. Use the form below for practice.You might want to use your
rotates freely; finish removing it by hand. Be careful of hot oil splashing own or a family vehicle as your example. If you dont have access to either,
on your skin! create a hypothetical vehicle.
Step Three Remove the Old Oil Filter Owner:
After the sump has drained, loosen the old oil filter by turning it
counter-clockwise with a filter wrench. Finish removing the filter Vehicle Make/Model:
manually, catching it in your hand.Take care not to touch the hot Vehicle Identification Number (VIN):
exhaust manifold.
Ease the filter down and away from the engine; then tip it over into Date of Oil Change:
the drain pan. Mileage at Last Oil Change:
Step Four Replace the Oil Filter Current Mileage:
Clean in and around the filter seat with a clean rag.
Take a new filter and apply a light film of oil to the gasket. Mileage of Next Recommended Oil Change:
Carefully screw the new filter onto the threaded oil line, turning it Grade of Oil Needed: Quantity:
clockwise. Snug it up tightly by hand, but avoid over-tightening.
Type/Brand of Oil Needed:
Step Five Clean and Replace the Oil Plug
Clean the oil plug and drain seat with a rag.Align and replace the plug. Model of Oil Filter:
Screw the oil plug in carefully by hand; avoid cross-threading. Location of nearest oil recycling facility:
Tighten the plug firmly and snugly with a wrench.

Part II Time for some troubleshooting! Listed here are some typical mishaps that might occur during
an oil change. In a class discussion, talk about what youd do to prevent them.
1. Losing the oil drain plug 3. Over-tightening the oil filter 5. Spilling oil into the
2. A leak at the oil filter 4. Overfilling when adding new oil exhaust system
2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.
 Driver Education

Your Castrol Car Care Calendar

Keep It Running All Year Round!
Use this handy calendar to help you keep track of the proper care and feeding of
your car the whole year through. Post a copy at home, and keep one in your cars
glove compartment as a ready reference.

FALL Oil Change: Plan to change your oil every 3,000 miles or every three months, whichever comes
When the leaves first. Use oil type, grade, and Castrol brand appropriate for your vehicle.
change, so should
your tires; rotation Tires: Have your tires rotated and the alignment checked.
keeps your tires from
wearing unevenly
and wearing out.

Oil Change: Time for another Castrol oil change. Remember every 3,000 miles or three months,
WINTER

whichever comes first.

Colder temperatures
test your car's Fluids Check: Check all fluids including brake, power steering, transmission/transaxle, and especially
performance and now windshield washer solvent and antifreeze.
make maintenance Systems Check: Have your engines cooling system tested and flushed. Inspect hoses and clamps for
even more critical. wear. Replace or adjust as needed.
Perform these easy
checks to ensure Battery Check: The American Automobile Association (AAA) recommends having a qualified service
your car's readiness facility perform a battery load test, using a special diagnostic machine.
for rough weather. Lights: Test brake, signal, and headlights. Replace burnt out or weak bulbs.

Oil Change: Time for another Castrol oil change. Make it a habit every 3,000 miles or three months,
SPRING
This is an ideal time
whichever comes first.
to correct nagging Tires: The AAA recommends rotating tires every 6,000 miles; have a certified technician rotate the
problems left over tires and check the alignment; consult your owners manual for details.
from winter; warmer
weather is on its way, Coolant: Have your coolant level and the antifreeze/water mixture in the radiator checked.
and can wreak havoc Wiper Blades: Inspect your windshield wiper blades whenever you fill up your car; if the rubber is
on your cooling and ragged or brittle, replace them.Wiper blades should be changed once a year.
electrical systems.

SUMMER Oil Change: Time for another Castrol oil change. Many manufacturers recommend an oil change
every 3,000 miles or every three months, whichever comes first. Refer to your owners manual.
A perfect time for road
trips... and potential Fluids Check: Because hot weather can cause fluids to evaporate, have all fluids checked:
breakdowns! Head off battery, brake, power steering, and transmission/transaxle fluids, plus windshield washer solvent
possible emergencies
and especially the coolant.
with these quick
checks.

Your Cars Vital Statistics:

Consult your owners manual to find your vehicle manufacturers recommendations for these car care essentials.
Tire size: Wiper blade replacements:
Tire pressure: (front) (rear) Recommended grade of motor oil:
Headlight replacements: Engine oil capacity: (quarts)
Signal light replacements:
2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.
 Auto Mechanics

Your Castrol Oil Change Checklist

Regular engine maintenance is an important factor in keeping a vehicle running smoothly and extending its life.
An easy way to make maintenance part of your regular routine is to check critical systems at every oil change.
Heres a handy list of everything you should check when you change a
vehicles motor oil. Post it in your shop or garage as a reminder

Change Oil (every 3 months or 3,000 miles, whichever comes first) dispose of old oil properly!*

Change Oil Filter (every 5,000 miles, if not with every oil change)

Lubricate Grease Joints (if applicable)

Check All Fluids (replenish/fill to proper level if necessary):

Engine coolant (maintaining the right mix of water and coolant is essential)

Brake fluid (check owners manual first to see what type is needed)

Power steering fluid (pump is usually located behind the fan belt)

Transmission fluid (check the owners/service manual for the recommended fluid)

Check Tire Pressure

Check General Condition of:

Engine belts

Fan belt

Cooling system belt

Engine hoses

Windshield wiper blades (replace if necessary)

Tires (front and back)

* Find an oil recycling center near you at www.earth911.org.

2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.

A MESSAGE FOR STUDENTS REMEMBER "THE OIL FACTOR"
If motors are your motivation, you could be a Castrol
SYNTEC Outperformer! The Castrol SYNTEC
Outperformers Program rewards aspiring young auto
technicians with a $7,500 scholarship to attend an
automotive program, technical institute, or other school
approved by BP Lubricants USA Inc. Starting on
November 1, 2006, Castrol asks would-be auto
technicians ages 16-25 to explain, in 500 words or less,
why they should win the 2007 Castrol SYNTEC
Outperformers scholarship. For complete program
details and to submit entries, please visit
www.syntecoutperformers.com.

A Change for the Better

If youre a do-it-yourselfer, remember to discard used
motor oil properly.* Oil poured down a drain or sewer
can pollute rivers and streams and even contaminate
ground water. Take your used oil to a certified oil
recycling center instead. To find a center near you, visit
www.earth911.org on the Internet. Helpful Car Care Information from Castrol
*Safety Note: Used oil is hazardous. Avoid prolonged contact. Wash skin
thoroughly with soap and water after contact and launder or discard soiled
clothes. Impermeable gloves and eye protection are recommended.

2006 LearningWorks. Created for BP Lubricants USA Inc.

WHICH CASTROL BRAND IS RIGHT FOR YOUR KIND OF DRIVING?
Proper lubrication is the key to maintaining and protecting your car's engine.
Keep this brochure handy as an easy reference when having your motor oil changed or when buying oil for your car.

Castrol GTX Castrol GTX HIGH MILEAGE Castrol SYNTEC BLEND Castrol SYNTEC
Designed to provide superior Designed to help extend the Designed to provide added Designed to help maintain
protection against sludge life of your engine. protection for frequent maximum horsepower by
build-up.* Specially formulated for vehicles short trips. reducing harmful deposit
Formulated with unique with over 75,000 miles Provides superior protection formation.
dispersants to provide superior against the wear and tear No leading motor oil provides
Provides superior protection
sludge protection among of short trip driving more horsepower
against oil burn-off as compared
leading oils
to leading oils Offers superior viscosity and Provides stability and endurance
Passed one of the industrys wear protection under extreme conditions like
Contains seal conditioners to
toughest sludge standards** heat, load, and speed
help reduce oil leakage Combats volatility and
Provides the highest North harmful deposits Superior engine protection that
American standard of outperforms leading
Contains an added
protection against conventional and
level of synthetic
viscosity breakdown synthetic blend
protection
oils, passing severe
Delivers
industry tests
unsurpassed
protection
against thermal
breakdown

*Among leading Castrol SYNTEC

motor oils. 10W-30 tested vs.
** In 5W-30 and leading 10W-30s.
10W-30 grades. CONVENTIONAL HIGH MILEAGE SYNTHETIC BLEND SYNTHETIC

Castrol, GTX, and SYNTEC are all registered trademarks of BP Lubricants USA Inc.
THE OIL FACTOR...
IT'S WHAT MAKES WINNERS.
Whatever your vehicle and however you drive it, when it comes to motor
oil, always go with the pros. They know that choosing the right oil and
changing it regularly will keep you on track for a winning ride.