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Nike's Global Marketing Success

Nike began in 1962 focused on designing high-quality running shoes. Founder Philip Knight believed shoes could be manufactured abroad at lower costs. Nike built a cult following through innovative shoe designs and marketing campaigns featuring top athletes. In 1985, Nike signed Michael Jordan, whose Air Jordan line was hugely successful. Nike later expanded internationally, especially in Europe through soccer sponsorships, and by 2003 international revenues surpassed U.S. revenues. Today Nike dominates the global athletic footwear and apparel market.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
226 views4 pages

Nike's Global Marketing Success

Nike began in 1962 focused on designing high-quality running shoes. Founder Philip Knight believed shoes could be manufactured abroad at lower costs. Nike built a cult following through innovative shoe designs and marketing campaigns featuring top athletes. In 1985, Nike signed Michael Jordan, whose Air Jordan line was hugely successful. Nike later expanded internationally, especially in Europe through soccer sponsorships, and by 2003 international revenues surpassed U.S. revenues. Today Nike dominates the global athletic footwear and apparel market.

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ratnaningsih2009
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NIKE CASE STUDY (INDONESIAN)

Nike hit the ground running in 1962. Originally known as Blue Ribbon Sports, the company focused on
providing high-quality running shoes designed for athletes by athletes. Founder Philip Knight believed
high-tech shoes for runners could be manufactured at competitive prices if imported from abroad. Nikes
commitment to designing innovative footwear for serious athletes helped it build a cult following among
U.S. consumers. Nike believed in a pyramid of influence in which the preferences of a small percentage
of top athletes influenced the product and brand choices of others. From the start its marketing
campaigns featured accomplished athletes. Runner Steve Prefontaine, the first spokesperson, had an
irreverent attitude that matched the companys spirit. In 1985, Nike signed up then-rookie guard Michael
Jordan as a spokesperson. Jordan was still an up-andcomer, but he personified superior performance.
Nikes bet paid offthe Air Jordan line of basketball shoes flew off the shelves and revenues hit over
$100 million in the first year alone. As one reporter stated, Few marketers have so reliably been able to
identify and sign athletes who transcend their sports to such great effect. In 1988, Nike aired the first
ads in its $20 million Just Do It ad campaign. The campaign, which ultimately featured 12 TV spots in
all, subtly challenged a generation of athletic enthusiasts to chase their goals. It was a natural
manifestation of Nikes attitude of self-empowerment through sports. As Nike began expanding overseas
to Europe, it found that its U.S.-style ads were seen as too aggressive. Nike realized it had to
authenticate its brand in Europe, so it focused on soccer (known as football outside the United States)
and became active as a sponsor of youth leagues, local clubs, and national teams. However, for Nike to
build authenticity among the soccer audience, consumers had to see professional athletes using its
product, especially athletes who won. Nikes big break came in 1994 when the Brazilian team (the only
national team for which Nike had any real sponsorship) won the World Cup. That victory transformed
Nikes image in Europe from a sneaker company into a brand that represented emotion, allegiance, and
identification. It also helped launch Nike into other international markets over the next decade, and by
2003, overseas revenues surpassed U.S. revenues for the first time. In 2007, Nike acquired Umbro, a
British maker of soccer-related footwear, apparel, and equipment. The acquisition helped boost Nikes
presence in soccer as the company became the sole supplier of uniforms to over 100 professional soccer
teams around the world. Nike focused its efforts on international markets, especially China, during the
2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Although Nikes rival, Adidas, was the official sponsor of the Olympic
Games, Nike received special permission from the International Olympic Committee to run Nike ads
featuring Olympic athletes during the games. In addition, Nike sponsored several teams and athletes,
including most of the Chinese teams and 11 of the 12 high-profile members on the United States mens
basketball teams. That year, sales in the Asian region grew 15 percent to $3.3 billion and Nikes
international divisions grew to 53 percent of the companys revenue. Some believed Nikes marketing
strategy during the Olympics was more effective than Adidass Olympic sponsorship. In addition to
expanding the brand overseas, Nike successfully entered new athletic footwear, apparel, and equipment
product categories by using endorsements from high-profile athletes and consumer outreach programs.
The Nike Golf brand, endorsed by Tiger Woods, has changed the way professional golfers dress. Tigers
powerful influence on the game and his Nike emblazoned style have turned the greens at the majors into
golfs fashion runway. In addition, Nike has used the superstar to help build its relationship with
consumers. In 2009, it launched a Tiger Web Talkback session at nikegolf.com, where fans could ask
questions and hear Tiger talk about golf. The session was part of a nationwide Nike Golf consumer
experience day, which included equipment demos, long-drive contests, and in-store specials. In tennis,
Nike has aligned with Maria Sharapova, Roger Federer, and Rafael Nadal to push its line of tennis
clothing and gear. Some called the famous 2008 Wimbledon match between Roger Federer and Rafael
Nadalboth dressed in swooshes from head to toea five-hour Nike commercial valued at $10.6
million. Nike teamed up with seven-time Tour de France champion Lance Armstrong not only to sell Nike
products but also to help Armstrongs LIVESTRONG campaign. Nike designed, manufactured, and sold
over 70 million yellow LIVESTRONG bracelets, netting $80 million for the Lance Armstrong Foundation. It
also featured Armstrongs message of survival, willpower, and giving in a series of Nike commercials. To
promote its line of basketball shoes and apparel, Nike continues to feature basketball superstars such as
Kobe Bryant and LeBron James. In addition, it formed a partnership with Foot Locker to create a new
chain of stores, Houseof Hoops by Foot Locker, which offers only basketball products by Nike brands such
as Converse and Jordan. Recently, Nikes lead in the running category has grown to 60 percent market
share thanks to its exclusive partnership with Apple. Nike(Plus) technology includes a sensor that runners
put into their running shoes and a receiver, which fits into an iPod, iTouch, or iPhone. When the athlete
goes for a run or hits the gym, the receiver captures his or her mileage, calories burned, and pace and
stores it until the information is downloaded. Nikeis now considered the worlds largest running club. In
2008 and 2009, Nikehosted the Human Race 10K, the largest and only global virtual race in the world.
The event, designed to celebrate running, drew 780,000 participants in 2008 and surpassed that number
in 2009. To participate, runners register online, gear up with Nike technology, and hit the road on race
day, running any 10K route they choose at any time during the day. Once the data is downloaded from
the Nikereceiver, each runners official time is posted and can be compared to the times of runners from
around the world. Like many companies, Nike is trying to make its company and products more eco-
friendly. However, unlike many companies, Nike does not promote its efforts. One brand consultant
explained, Nike has always been about winning. How is sustainability relevant to its brand? Nike
executives agree that promoting an eco-friendly message would distract from its slick high-tech image,
so efforts like recycling old shoes into new shoes are kept quiet. Today, Nike dominates the athletic
footwear market with a 31 percent market share globally and a 50 percent market share in the United
States. Swooshes abound on everything from wristwatches to skateboards to swimming caps. The firms
long-term strategy focuses on basketball, running, football, womens fitness, mens training, and sports
culture. As a result of its successful expansion across geographic markets and product categories, Nike is
the top athletic apparel and footwear manufacturer in the world, with corporate fiscal 2009 revenues
exceeding $19 billion.

Questions 1. What are the pros, cons, and risks associated with Nikes core marketing strategy? 2. If you
were Adidas, how would you compete with Nike? Sources: Justin Ewers and Tim Smart,A Designer
Swooshes In, U.S. News & World Report, January 26, 2004, p. 12; Corporate Media Executive of the
Year, Delaney Report, January 12, 2004, p. 1; Barbara Lippert, Game Changers: Inside the Three
Greatest Ad Campaigns of the Past Three Decades, Adweek, November 17, 2008; 10 Top
Nontraditional Campaigns, Advertising Age, December 22, 2003, p. 24; Chris Zook and James Allen,
Growth Outside the Core, Harvard Business Review, December 2003, p. 66; Jeremy Mullman, NIKE;
What Slowdown? Swoosh Rides Games to New High, Advertising Age, October 20, 2008, p. 34; Allison
Kaplan, Look Just Like Tiger (until you swing), Americas Intelligence Wire, August 9, 2009; Reena Jana
and Burt Helm, Nike Goes Green, Very Quietly, BusinessWeek, June 22, 2009.

Nike menabrak landasan yang berjalan pada tahun 1962. Awalnya dikenal sebagai Blue Ribbon Sports,
perusahaan ini berfokus pada penyediaan sepatu lari berkualitas tinggi yang dirancang untuk atlet oleh
para atlet. Pendiri Philip Knight percaya sepatu berteknologi tinggi untuk pelari bisa diproduksi dengan
harga bersaing jika diimpor dari luar negeri. Komitmen Nike untuk merancang alas kaki inovatif bagi atlit
yang serius membantu membangun kultus berikut di antara konsumen A.S. Nike percaya pada "piramida
pengaruh" di mana preferensi sebagian kecil atlit atas mempengaruhi pilihan produk dan merek orang
lain. Sejak awal kampanye pemasarannya menampilkan atlet berprestasi. Pelari Steve Prefontaine, juru
bicara pertama, memiliki sikap tidak sopan yang sesuai dengan semangat perusahaan. Pada tahun 1985,
Nike mendaftar sebagai penjaga rookie Michael Jordan sebagai juru bicara. Jordan masih menjadi
pendatang, tapi dia mempersonifikasikan kinerja superior. Taruhan Nike terbayar - sepatu sepatu basket
Air Jordan terbang dari rak dan pendapatan mencapai lebih dari $ 100 juta pada tahun pertama saja.
Seperti yang dikatakan seorang reporter, "Beberapa pemasar dengan andal telah dapat mengidentifikasi
dan memberi tanda pada atlet yang melampaui olahraga mereka dengan efek yang begitu hebat." Pada
tahun 1988, Nike menayangkan iklan pertama dalam kampanye iklan "Just Do It" $ 20 juta. Kampanye
tersebut, yang pada akhirnya menampilkan 12 spot TV secara keseluruhan, secara halus menantang
generasi penggemar atletik untuk mengejar tujuan mereka. Itu adalah manifestasi alami sikap Nike untuk
memberdayakan diri melalui olahraga. Saat Nike mulai berkembang ke luar negeri ke Eropa, ternyata
iklan bergaya A.S. terlihat terlalu agresif. Nike menyadari bahwa pihaknya harus "mengotentikasi"
mereknya di Eropa, jadi fokus pada sepak bola (dikenal sebagai sepak bola di luar Amerika Serikat) dan
menjadi aktif sebagai sponsor liga pemuda, klub lokal, dan tim nasional. Namun, bagi Nike untuk
membangun keaslian di kalangan penonton sepak bola, konsumen harus melihat atlet profesional
menggunakan produknya, terutama atlet yang menang. Pertarungan besar Nike terjadi pada tahun 1994
ketika tim Brasil (satu-satunya tim nasional yang memiliki sponsor Nike) memenangkan Piala Dunia.
Kemenangan itu mengubah citra Nike di Eropa dari perusahaan sepatu menjadi merek yang mewakili
emosi, kesetiaan, dan identifikasi. Ini juga membantu meluncurkan Nike ke pasar internasional lainnya
selama dekade berikutnya, dan pada tahun 2003, pendapatan luar negeri melampaui pendapatan A.S.
untuk pertama kalinya. Pada tahun 2007, Nike mengakuisisi Umbro, pembuat alas kaki, pakaian, dan
peralatan sepak bola yang terkenal di Inggris. Akuisisi ini membantu meningkatkan kehadiran Nike di
sepak bola saat perusahaan tersebut menjadi pemasok tunggal seragam ke lebih dari 100 tim sepak bola
profesional di seluruh dunia. Nike memfokuskan upayanya pada pasar internasional, terutama China,
selama Olimpiade Musim Panas 2008 di Beijing. Meskipun saingan Nike, Adidas, adalah sponsor resmi
Olimpiade, Nike mendapat izin khusus dari Komite Olimpiade Internasional untuk menjalankan iklan Nike
yang menampilkan atlet Olimpiade selama pertandingan berlangsung. Sebagai tambahan, Nike
mensponsori beberapa tim dan atlet, termasuk sebagian besar tim China dan 11 dari 12 anggota profil
tinggi di tim basket pria Amerika Serikat. Tahun itu, penjualan di kawasan Asia tumbuh 15 persen
menjadi $ 3,3 miliar dan divisi internasional Nike tumbuh menjadi 53 persen dari pendapatan
perusahaan. Beberapa percaya bahwa strategi pemasaran Nike selama Olimpiade lebih efektif daripada
sponsor Olimpiade Adidas. Selain memperluas merek di luar negeri, Nike berhasil memasuki kategori
sepatu olahraga, pakaian, dan peralatan atletik baru dengan menggunakan dukungan dari atlet profil
tinggi dan program penjangkauan konsumen. Merek Nike Golf, yang didukung oleh Tiger Woods, telah
mengubah cara pegolf profesional berpakaian. Pengaruh kuat Tiger pada permainan dan gaya
terpampang Nike-nya telah mengubah sayuran di jurusan menjadi "landasan pacu golf." Selain itu, Nike
telah menggunakan superstar untuk membantu membangun hubungan dengan konsumen. Pada tahun
2009, ia meluncurkan sesi Talk Web Tiger di nikegolf.com, di mana penggemar bisa mengajukan
pertanyaan dan mendengar pelajaran tentang golf Tiger. Sesi ini merupakan bagian dari pengalaman
konsumen Nike Golf di seluruh negeri, termasuk demo peralatan, kontes jarak jauh, dan penawaran
spesial di dalam toko. Di tenis, Nike telah menyesuaikan diri dengan Maria Sharapova, Roger Federer,
dan Rafael Nadal untuk mendorong lini pakaian dan perlengkapan tenisnya. Beberapa orang menyebut
pertandingan Wimbledon 2008 yang terkenal antara Roger Federer dan Rafael Nadal - keduanya
mengenakan swooshes dari ujung rambut sampai ujung kaki - sebuah iklan Nike lima jam senilai $ 10,6
juta. Nike bekerja sama dengan tujuh kali juara Tour de France Lance Armstrong tidak hanya menjual
produk Nike tapi juga untuk membantu kampanye LIVESTRONG Armstrong. Nike merancang, membuat,
dan menjual lebih dari 70 juta gelang warna kuning LIVESTRONG, menghasilkan $ 80 juta untuk Yayasan
Lance Armstrong. Ini juga menampilkan pesan Armstrong tentang kelangsungan hidup, kemauan keras,
dan pemberian dalam serangkaian iklan Nike. Untuk mempromosikan lini sepatu basketnya dan pakaian
jadi, Nike terus menampilkan superstar bola basket seperti Kobe Bryant dan LeBron James. Sebagai
tambahan, ia membentuk kemitraan dengan Foot Locker untuk menciptakan rantai toko baru, Houseof
Hoops oleh Foot Locker, yang hanya menawarkan produk bola basket oleh merek Nike seperti Converse
dan Jordan. Baru-baru ini, keunggulan Nike dalam kategori berjalan telah meningkat menjadi 60 persen
pangsa pasar berkat kemitraan eksklusifnya dengan Apple. Teknologi Nike (Plus) mencakup sensor yang
dimainkan pelari ke sepatu lari dan receiver mereka, yang sesuai dengan iPod, iTouch, atau iPhone. Saat
atlet berlari atau berjalan di gym, gagang telepon menangkap jarak tempuhnya, kalori terbakar, dan
kecepatan dan menyimpannya sampai informasi diunduh. Nikeis sekarang dianggap sebagai klub lari
terbesar di dunia. Pada tahun 2008 dan 2009, Nikehosted the Human Race 10K, ras virtual global
terbesar dan satu-satunya di dunia. Acara yang dirancang untuk merayakan berjalan, menarik 780.000
peserta pada tahun 2008 dan melampaui jumlah tersebut di tahun 2009. Untuk berpartisipasi, pelari
mendaftar secara online, bersiap menghadapi teknologi Nike, dan mencapai jalan pada hari perlombaan,
menjalankan rute 10K yang mereka pilih kapan saja. di siang hari Begitu data diunduh dari Nikereceiver,
setiap waktu resmi runner diposkan dan dapat dibandingkan dengan waktu pelari dari seluruh dunia.
Seperti banyak perusahaan lainnya, Nike berusaha membuat perusahaan dan produknya lebih ramah
lingkungan. Namun, tidak seperti banyak perusahaan lainnya, Nike tidak mempromosikan upayanya.
Salah satu konsultan merek menjelaskan, "Nike selalu menang. Bagaimana keberlanjutan relevan dengan
mereknya? "Eksekutif Nike setuju bahwa mempromosikan pesan ramah lingkungan akan mengalihkan
perhatian dari citra berteknologi tinggi yang apik, sehingga usaha seperti menambal sepatu lama ke
sepatu baru tetap diam. Saat ini, Nike mendominasi pasar sepatu atletik dengan pangsa pasar 31 persen
secara global dan 50 persen pangsa pasar di Amerika Serikat. Swooshes berlimpah pada segala hal mulai
dari jam tangan sampai papan seluncur hingga topi renang. Strategi jangka panjang perusahaan berfokus
pada kebugaran bola basket, lari, sepak bola, kebugaran wanita, latihan pria, dan budaya olahraga.
Sebagai hasil dari perluasan yang sukses di pasar geografis dan kategori produk, Nike adalah produsen
pakaian dan alas kaki atletik teratas di dunia, dengan pendapatan fiskal perusahaan 2009 melebihi $ 19
miliar. Pertanyaan 1. Apa pro, kontra, dan risiko yang terkait dengan Strategi pemasaran inti Nike? 2. Jika
Anda Adidas, bagaimana Anda akan bersaing dengan Nike? Sumber: Justin Ewers dan Tim Smart,
"Swooshes Designer di," Laporan Berita & Dunia A.S., 26 Januari 2004, hlm. 12; "Eksekutif Media
Perusahaan Tahun Ini," Laporan Delaney, 12 Januari 2004, hlm. 1; Barbara Lippert, "Pengganti Game: Di
dalam Tiga Kampanye Iklan Terbesar di Masa Tiga Tiga Puluh," Adweek, 17 November 2008; "10
Kampanye Nontradisional Teratas," Usia Periklanan, 22 Desember 2003, hal. 24; Chris Zook dan James
Allen, "Pertumbuhan di Luar Inti," Harvard Business Review, Desember 2003, hlm. 66; Jeremy Mullman,
"NIKE; Kemunduran apa Game Swoosh Rides ke New High, "Advertising Age, 20 Oktober 2008, hlm. 34;
Allison Kaplan, "Lihat Seperti Tiger (sampai Anda berayun)," Intelijen Intelijen Amerika, 9 Agustus 2009;
Reena Jana dan Burt Helm, "Nike Goes Green, Sangat Diam-Diam," BusinessWeek, 22 Juni 2009.

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