NORTHERN INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, NEW DELHI DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Experiment No: 4
MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF SINGLE PHASE FULL CONTROLLED
BRIDGE RECTIFIER FED SEPARATELY EXCITED DC MOTOR
4.1 Objective 4.2 Steps to create modeling by using MATLAB/SIMULINK 4.3 Procedure 4.4
observation table 4.5 Result 4.6schematic diagrams
4.1 OBJECTIVE: Modelling and simulation of single phase full controlled Bridge rectifier fed
separately excited dc motor
4.2 STEPS TO CREATE MODELING BY USING MATLAB/SIMULINK:
Components Tool Box / Block parameters
Library browser
AC Voltage Sim power Systems AC voltage Peak Amplitude(v) =230*sqrt(2)
Source / source Phase(deg) =0
Electrical sources Frequency(Hz) =50
Thyristors Simpower Systems / Thyristor Default
(T1, T2, T3 Power Electronics (4 numbers)
&T4)
Repeating Simulink / Sources Repeating Time Values = [0 0.01 0.01 0.02]
Sequence(R1) Sequence Output Values = [0 5 0 0]
Repeating Simulink / Sources Repeating Time Values = [0 0.01 0.02 0.02]
Sequence(R2) Sequence Output Values = [0 0 5 0]
Constant Simulink / Sources Constant Constant Value=1 (For Control
(2 numbers) Voltage)
Constant Value = 200 (For Torque)
Fourier Simpower Fundamental Freq : 50
Systems/Extra Harmonic: 0
Library/Measurements
Load Simpower Systems / Series RLC Resistance(Ohm) =10
Elements Branch Inductance(H) =8e-03
Capacitance(F) =inf
DC Motor Simpower Systems / DC Machine Default
Machines
Discrete Simpower Systems / Discrete Mean Fundamental Frequency = 50
Mean Value Extra Library / Value (Remaining Parameters Default)
Discrete
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Measurements
Relational Simulink /Math Relational Greater than or equal to (>=)
Operator Operations Operator
(2 numbers)
4.3 PROCEDURE:
1. Click on File NewModel.
2. On resulting window click on library Browser, a Simulink library browser will appear.
3. Make/Model the circuit by placing all its Blocks from its corresponding Library/toolbox, which is
clearly shown in the table 1. Right click on the block to rotate mirror etc. to organize the circuit
elements.
4. To change the circuit parameters applicable to the block by double clicking on the block/element and
type the values. Keep the values default for some blocks like thyristor,diodes, mosfet etc.
5. To measure/observe the voltage across or current passes through the electrical block/device, connect
voltage measurement or current measurement blocks respectively with the electrical block, it is available
on the library Sim power System/measurement.
6. To observe the waveform in figure window, scope block is connected with voltage measurement and
current measurement blocks. This scope block is available by click on Library
browsersimulink/sourcescope.
7. Make the connections as per the schematic diagram 1.
8. Set the control voltage Vc( Constant block in simulink diagram) (Range within 0 5)
9. Vary the torque of the DC machine (Constant block in simulink diagram) and run the Simulation for 5
secs.
10. After 5 secs note the speed of the DC machine and record it in the table 1.
11. Repeat steps 9 and 10 for some 8 values of load torque.
12. Repeat the above steps for various values of Vc Steps to simulating the circuit by using
MATLAB/SIMULINK:
1. After correcting all floating node errors start by creating a simulation.
2. Click on simulationconfiguration parameters and make sure that solver option isode23tb, it is
essential when circuit contains power system or power electronics tools.And the stop time value should
be 5/50 for 50Hz supply frequency for five cycles. Forn number of cycles, stop time would be n*(1/50)
for 50Hz supply, where n=1, 2, 3.and also set Max Step Size to 1e-5 and Min Step Size to 1e-6.
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3. To run the simulation, select simulation start.
4. If any errors are reported here. Correct schematic or the simulation settings and re-run simulation.
5. To view simulation plots on simulation window, double click the scope in the schematic.The scope
block corresponding to voltage measurement and current measurement blocks gives voltage and current
waveforms respectively with respect to time.
4.4 OBSEVATION TABLE
TABLE 1: For Average Load Voltage of Vdc=_______________(Vc= 0V).
Sl no Control Voltage Firing Angle () Speed in RPM Torque in Nm
50
75
100
125
150
TABLE 2: For Average Load Voltage of Vdc=_______________(Vc= 1V).
Sl no Control Voltage Firing Angle () Speed in RPM Torque in Nm
50
75
100
125
150
TABLE 3 For Load Voltage of 45 Nm.
Sl no Control Voltage Firing Angle () Speed in RPM Average Load Voltage
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
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NORTHERN INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, NEW DELHI DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
4.5 RESULT:
The model of single phase full wave controlled bridge rectifier fed with separately excited DC motor is
created and simulated by using MATLAB/SIMULINK and the corresponding waveforms are observed.
4.6 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM: 1
SINGLE PHASE FULL CONTROLLED BRIDGE RECTIFIER FED WITH DC
SEPERATELY EXCITED MOTOR
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NORTHERN INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, NEW DELHI DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Experiment No: 5
PULSE WIDTH MODULATION PULSES
5.1 Objective 5.2Theory 5.3 Generation of PWM Pulses by using MATLAB /simulink 5.4
Simulation results
5.1 OBJECTIVE:
To generate PWM Pulses for three phase circuit, six switches by using MATLAB/Simulink
5.2 THEORY
PWM is the most popular method of controlling the output voltage and this method is termed as
Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) Control.
The advantages possessed by PWM techniques are as under:
(i) The output voltage control with this method can be obtained without any additional components.
(ii) With the method, lower order harmonics can be eliminated or minimized along with its output
voltage control because low order harmonics cause large distortions of the current wave.. As higher
order harmonics can be filtered easily, the filtering requirements are minimized.
PWM inverters are quite popular in industrial applications. PWM techniques are characterized
by constant amplitude pulses. The width of these pulses is however modulated to obtain inverter output
voltage control and to reduce its harmonic content. The PWM principle is to control the output voltage.
The different PWM techniques are as under:
(a) Sinusoidal pulse width modulation
(b) selected harmonic elimination PWM
(c) Minimum ripple current PWM
(d) Space vector PWM
(e) Random PWM
(f) Hysteresis band current control PWM
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NORTHERN INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, NEW DELHI DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
(g) Sinusoidal PWM with instantaneous current control
(h) Delta modulation
(i) Sigma delta modulation
PWM techniques are classified on the basis of voltage or current control, fee forward or feedback
methods, carrier or non-carrier based control, etc.
SINUSOIDAL PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (SPWM)
Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) technique is to generate pulses .it is used to compare the
three-phase sinusoidal voltages with the triangular voltage as shown in Fig. 1
5.3 SIMULINK MODEL OF SPWM TECHNIQUE:
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5.3 Simulink model of PWM Pulses by using MATLAB /Simulink
Constant
1
1
Out1
12:34 1 sin >= Convert
1
Digital Clock Product
Gain Trigonometric Relational Data Type Conversion NOT Convert 2
4
Function Operator Out2
Logical Data Type Conversion3
1 Operator1
Constant1
3
3
12:34 1 sin >= Convert Out3
3
Digital Clock1 Product1
Gain1 Trigonometric RelationalData Type Conversion1
Function1 Operator1
2*pi/3 NOT Convert 4
6
Out4
Constant3 Logical Data Type Conversion4
Operator
1
Constant2
5
5
Out5
12:34 1 sin >= Convert
5
Digital Clock2 Product2
Gain2 Trigonometric Relational Data Type Conversion2
Function2 Operator2 NOT Convert 6
2
Out6
Logical Data Type Conversion5
Operator2
Repeating
2*pi/3
Sequence
Constant4
5.4 Results
A PWM circuit was modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and analyzed circuit
waveforms.
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NORTHERN INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, NEW DELHI DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Experiment No: 6
SIMULATION OF A BUCK REGULATOR
6.1 Objective 6.2 Circuit diagram 6.3 Modeling and simulation of buck regulator circuit using
MATLAB /simulink 6.4 Simulation results
6.1 OBJECTIVE:
To model and simulate the buck regulator using MATLAB/Simulink and observe following waveforms
(a) Voltage across inductor
(b) Current through inductor
(c) Current through capacitor
(d) Load Voltage
6.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Fig: 1 Simulink Model of buck regulator
6.3 MODELING AND SIMULATION OF BUCK REGULATOR CIRCUIT USING
MATLAB/SIMULINK:
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NORTHERN INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, NEW DELHI DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
A basic circuit for the simulation of buck regulator circuit using MATLAB/Simulink is shown in fig.1
Following steps are to be followed for analyzing and modeling the buck regulator circuit.
Step 1: Enter simulink in the MATLAB command window to open the simulink library browser or
click simulink button in the MATLAB toolbar.
Step 2: Select File > New > Model in the simulink library browser to create a new model or press
Ctrl+N. An empty model window is opened and it can be saved by selecting File > Save in the model
window.
Step 3: Drag and replace the following building blocks from simulink library from simulink library and
Sim Power Systems library to the simulink model file according to the circuit diagram.
(a) Powergui block [Sim Power Systems]
(b) DC Voltage source [Sim power Systems > Electrical Source]
(c) Series RLC branch (configure it to R) [Sim Power Systems > Elements]
(d) Series RLC branch (configure it to L) [Sim Power Systems > Elements]
(e) Series RLC branch (configure it to C) [Sim Power Systems > Elements]
(f) Diode [Sim Power Systems > Power Electronics]
(g) Mosfet [Sim Power Systems > Power Electronics]
(h) Pulse generator [Simulink > Source]
(i) Voltage measurement [Sim Power Systems > Measurement]
(j) Current measurement [Sim Power Systems > Measurement]
(k) Scope [Simulink > Sinks]
(l) Mean value [Sim Power Systems > Extra library > Measurement]
(m) Display [Simulink > Sinks]
Step 4: Connect the blocks according to the circuit diagram of the buck regulator circuit. Also connect
required number of voltage and current measurement blocks to the scope, as shown in the fig.2 to
observe the necessary waveforms. The Go to and from blocks need not be necessarily used, but it will
reduce the number of connection in the circuit.
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Fig: 2 Simulink Model of buck regulator with measuring blocks
Step 5: Set the program of the individual blocks. Components and specifications used in the buck
regulator circuit model are:
1. DC voltage source 12 V
2. Load register, R 100
3. Inductor 20 mH
4. Capacitor, C 330 F
5. Thyristor
6. Pulse generator
7. Diode
8. Powergui block
9. Goto and from blocks
10. Voltage measurement blocks
11. Current measurement blocks
12. Scope
13. Mean value block
14. Display
The parameters of pulse generator used for MOSFET are:
1. Period (secs): 1e-3 (Select, period = 1 ms)
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2. Pulse Width (% of period): 75 (Select, duty ratio = 0.75)
3. Phase delay (secs): 0
Note: Switching period = 1/switching frequency = 1/1 kHz = 1 milliseconds.
Step 6: Since the circuit provides Dc to DC conversion, the average value of the load voltage can be
calculated. For that mean value block is used and corresponding value is displayed in the display block.
Double click on mean value block and enter averaging period as 0.001 seconds since switching period is
selected as 1 msec.
Step 7: Save the Simulink model. Run the simulation by selecting simulation > start in the model
window or use simulation button in the model window toolbar.
The run time can be entered and modified in the space provided in the model window tool bar. For
example, run time = 0.002 seconds.
Step 8: observe and note down the following waveforms by opening the scope and save the result.
(a) Voltage across inductor
(b) Current across inductor
(c) Current through capacitor
(d) Load voltage
The waveforms are shown in fig.3
Also note down the average value of the load voltage from the display block.
Step 9: Now adjust the duty ratio of the MOSFET and verify that the load voltage can only be varied
from 0 V to supply voltage 12 V. also observe corresponding changes in the circuit waveforms.
Note 1: it can be observed that the output voltage waveform has ripples. By increasing the value filter
capacitor to a large value, output voltage can be kept to a constant steady value.
The AC component of the inductor current is passed through the capacitor and DC component is passed
through the load register.
Note 2: By adjusting the value of inductance, the continuous and discontinuous operation of buck
regulator can be observed.
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NORTHERN INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, NEW DELHI DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
6.4 SIMULATION RESULT:
A buck regulator circuit was modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and analyzed circuit
waveforms.
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NORTHERN INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, NEW DELHI DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Experiment No: 7
SIMULATION OF A BOOST REGULATOR
7.1 Objective 7.2 Circuit diagram 7.3 Modeling and simulation of boost regulator circuit using
MATLAB /simulink 7.4 Simulation result
7.1 OBJECTIVE:
To model and simulate a boost regulator using MATLAB/Simulink and observe the following
waveforms
(a) Voltage across inductor
(b) Current through inductor
(c) Current through capacitor
(d) Load voltage
7.2 MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF BOOST REGULATOR CIRCUIT USING
MATLAB/SIMULINK
A basic circuit for the simulation of boost regulator circuit using MATLAB/Simulink as shown in fig.
C15.1.Following steps are to be followed for analyzing and modeling the boost regulator circuit.
STEPS 1: Enter simulink in the MATLAB command window to open the simulink library browser
or click simulink button in the MATLAB toolbar.
.
Fig: 1 Simulink Model of Boost Regulator
STEPS 2: Select FILE > NEW > Model in the simulink library browser to crete a new model or press
Ctrl+N. An empty model window is opened and it can be saved by selecting File > Save in the model
window.
STEPS 3: Drag and place the following building blocks from simulink library and Sim Power System
library to the simulink model file according to the circuit diagram.
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(a) Powergui block [ Sim Pwer System]
(b) DC voltage source [Sim Power Systems > Electrical Source]
(c) Series RLC branch (configure it to R) [Sim Power System > Elements]
(d) Series RLC branch (configure it to L) [Sim Power System > Elements]
(e) Series RLC branch (configure it to C) [Sim Power System > Elements]
(f) Diode [Sim Power System > Power Electronics]
(g) Mosfet [Sim Power Systems > Power Electronics]
(h) Pulse generator [Simulink > Source]
(i) Voltage measurement [Sim Power System > Measurement]
(j) Current measurement [Sim power System > Measurement]
(k) Scope [Simulink > Sinks]
(l) Mean value [Sim Power System > Extra library > Measurement]
(m) Display [Simulink > Sinks]
(n) From [Simulink > Signal Routing]
(o) Goto [Simulink > Signal Routing]
STEPS 4: Connect the blocks according to the circuit diagram of the boost regulator circuit. Also
connect required number of voltage and current measurement blocks to the scope, as shown in fig.
C15.2, to observe the necessary waveforms. The Goto and from blocks need not be necessarily used,
but it will reduce the number of connections in the circuit.
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Fig: 2 Simulink Model of boost regulator with measuring blocks
STEPS 5: Set the parameters of the individual blocks. Components and specifications used in the boost
regulator circuit model are:
1. DC voltage source 12
2. Load resistor, R 100
3. Inductor 12 mH
4. Capacitor, C 470 F
5. MOSFET
6. Pulse generator
7. Diode
8. Powergui block
9. Goto and Form blocks
10. Voltage measurement blocks
11. Current measurement blocks
12. Scope
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13. Mean value block
14. Display
The parameters of pulse generator used for MOSFET are:
1. Period (secs): 1e-3 (Select period =1 ms)
2. Pulse Width (% of period): 40 (Select duty ratio = 0.4)
3. Phase delay (secs): 0
Note: Switching period = 1/switching frequency = 1/1 KHz = 1 milliseconds
STEPS 6: Since the circuit provides DC to DC conversion, the average value of the load voltage can be
calculated. For that mean value block is used and corresponding value is displayed in the display block.
Double click on mean value block and enter averaging period as 0.001 seconds since switching period is
selected as 1 msec.
STEPS 7: Save the Simulink model. Run the simulink by selecting simulation > start in the model
window or use simulation button in the model window toolbar.
The run time can be entered and modified in the space provided in the model window tool bar. For
example, run time = 0.02 seconds
STEPS 8: Observe and note down the following waveforms by opening the scoe and save the result.
1. Voltage across inductor
2. Current through inductor
3. Current through inductor
4. Load voltage
The waveforms are shown in fir C15.3.
Also note down the average value of the load voltage from the display blocks.
STEPS 9: Now adjust the duty ratio of the MOSFET and verify that the load voltage obtained is dreater
than or equal to the supply voltage 12 V . Also observe corresponding changes in the circuit waveforms.
Note 1: The ripples in the load voltage waveform can be reduced by choosing a large value of filter
capacitor.
The AC components of the diode current are passed through the capacitor and DC components is passed
through the load resistor.
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Note 2: By adjusting the value of inductance, the continuous and discontinuous operation of boost
regulator can be observed.
Note 3: It can be observed, from the capacitor current waveform, that during ON time of the switch,
diode does not conduct and capacitor is negative, i.e. the capacitor discharge its energy to the load
during ON time of the switch.
During the OFF time of the switch, the diode starts to conduct and the capacitor gets charged, i.e.
during this period, the AC component of the diode current is passed through the capacitor and DC
component is passed through the load resistor.
During the ON time, only DC components are passed through the load since capacitor discharge its
energy.
7.3 SIMULATION RESULT
A boost regulator circuit was modelled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and analyzed circuit
waveforms.
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