The Law to Enhance Mobility of Disabled Persons

BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 344

AN ACT TO ENHANCE THE MOBILITY OF DISABLED PERSONS BY REQUIRING CERTAIN BUILDINGS;

INSTITUTIONS, ESTABLISHMENTS, AND PUBLIC UTILITIES TO INSTALL FACILITIES AND OTHER DEVICES.

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCESSIBILITY

1. Design Criteria:

1. CATEGORIES OF DISABLED PERSONS. The categories of disability dictate the varied measures to be
adopted in order to create an accessible environment for the handicapped. Disabled persons under
these Rules may be classified into those who have:

1.1.1 Impairments requiring confinement to wheelchairs; or

1.1.2 Impairments causing difficulty or insecurity in walking or climbing stairs or requiring the
use of braces, crutches or other artificial supports; or impairments caused by amputation, arthritis,
spastic conditions or pulmonary, cardiac or other ills rendering individuals semi-ambulatory; or

1.1.3 Total or partial impairments of hearing or sight causing insecurity or likelihood of exposure
to danger in public places; or

1.1.4 Impairments due to conditions of aging and incoordination;

1.1.5 Mental impairments whether acquired or congenital in nature.

1.2 ANTHROPOMETRICS AND DIMENSIONAL DATA AS GUIDES FOR DESIGN. The minimum and
maximum dimensions for spaces in the built environment should consider the following criteria:

1.2.1 The varying sizes and structures of persons of both sexes, their reaches and their lines of
sight at both the standing and sitting positions.

1.2.2 The dimensional data of the technical aids of disabled persons. Included in the second
consideration are the dimensions of wheelchairs; the minimum space needed for locking and unlocking
leg braces plus the range of distance of crutches and other walking aids from persons using such
devices. By applying at this very early stage dimensional criteria which take into account wheelchair
usage, the physical environment will ultimately encourage and enable wheelchair users to make full use
of their physical surroundings.

1.2.3 The provision of adequate space for wheelchair maneuvering generally insures adequate space
for disabled persons equipped with other technical aids or accompanied by assistants. In determining
the minimum dimensions for furniture and fixtures accessible to disabled persons, the following
anthropometric data shall serve as guides for design:
 The length of wheelchairs varies from 1.10 m to 1.30 m.
The width of wheelchairs is from 0.60 m to 0.75 m.
A circle of 1.50 m in diameter is a suitable guide in the planning of wheelchair turning spaces.
The comfortable reach of persons confined to wheelchairs is from 0.70 m to 1.20 m above the
floor and not less than 0.40 m from room corners.
The comfortable clearance for knee and leg space under tables for wheelchair users is 0.70 m.
Counter height shall be placed at a level comfortable to disabled persons' reach.

1.3 BASIC PHYSICAL PLANNING REQUIREMENTS. No group of people shall be deprived of full
participation and enjoyment of the environment or be made unequal with the rest due to any disability.
In order to achieve this goal adopted by the United Nations, certain basic principles shall be applied:

1.3.1 ACCESSIBILITY. The built environment shall be designed so that it shall be accessible to all
people. This means that no criteria shall impede the use of facilities by either the handicapped or non-
disabled citizens.

1.3.2 REACHABILITY. Provisions shall be adapted and introduced to the physical environment so
that as many places or buildings as possible can be reached by all.

1.3.3 USABILITY. The built environment shall be designed so that all persons, whether they be
disabled or not, may use and enjoy it.

1.3.4 ORIENTATION. Finding a person's way inside and outside of a building or open space shall
be made easy for everyone.

1.3.5 SAFETY. Designing for safety insures that people shall be able to move about with less
hazards to life and health.

1.3.6 WORKABILITY AND EFFICIENCY. The built environment shall be designed to allow the
disabled citizens to participate and contribute to developmental goals.

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCESSIBILITY ILLUSTRATIONS FOR MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS

A. OUTSIDE AND AROUND BUILDINGS

1. DROPPED CURBS

1.1 Changes in level walkways should be by a dropped curb.

1.2 Dropped curbs should be provided at pedestrian crossings and at the end of walkways of a
private street or access road.

1.3 Dropped curbs at crossings have a width corresponding to the width of the crossing;
otherwise, the minimum width is 0.90 m.

1.4 Dropped curbs shall be ramped towards adjoining curbs with a gradient not more than 1:12.
 1.5 Dropped curbs shall be sloped towards the road with a maximum cross gradient of 1:20 to
prevent water from collecting at the walkway.

1.6 The lowest point of a dropped curb should not exceed 25 mm from the road or gutter.

2. CURB CUT-OUTS
2.1 Curb cut-outs should only be allowed when it will not obstruct a walkway or in any way
lessen the width of a walkway.

2.2 The minimum width of a curb cut-out should be 0.90 M.

2.3 Curb cut-outs should have a gradient not more than 1:12.

3. WALKWAYS AND PASSAGEWAYS

3.1 Walkways should be kept as level as possible and provided with slip-resistant material.

3.2 Whenever and wherever possible, walkways should have a gradient no more than 1:20 or
5%.

3.3 Walkways should have a maximum cross gradient of 1:100.

3.4 Walkways should have a minimum width of 1.20 meters.

3.5 If possible, gratings should never be located along walkways. When occurring along
walkways, grating openings should have a maximum dimension of 13 mm x 13 mm and shall
not project more than 6.5 mm above the level of the walkway.

3.6 Walkways should have a continuing surface without abrupt pitches in angle or interruptions
by cracks or breaks creating edges above 6.50 mm.

3.7 In lengthy or busy walkways, spaces should be provided at some point along the route so
that a wheelchair may pass another or turn around. These spaces should have a minimum
dimension of 1.50 m and should be spaced at a maximum distance of 12:00 m between
stops.

3.8 To guide the blind, walkways should as much as possible follow straightforward routes with
right angle turns.

3.9 Where planting is provided adjacent to the walkway, regular maintenance is essential to
ensure branches of trees or shrubs do not overhang walkways or paths, as not only do these
present a particular danger to the blind, but they also reduce the effective footways width
available to pedestrians generally.

3.10 Walkway headroom should not be less than 2.0 m and preferably higher.

3.11 Passageways for the disabled should not be obstructed by street furniture, bollards, sign
posts or columns along the defined route, as they can be hazardous.
4. HANDRAILS
4.1 Handrails should be installed at both sides of ramps and stairs and at the outer edges of
dropped curbs. Handrails at dropped curbs should not be installed beyond the width of any crossing so
as not to obstruct pedestrian flow.

4.2 Handrails shall be installed at 0.90 m and 0.70 m above steps or ramps. Handrails for
protection at great heights may be installed at 1.0 m to 1.06 m.

4.3 A 0.30 m long extension of the handrail should be provided at the start and end of ramps
and stairs.

4.4 Handrails that require full grip should have a dimension of 30 mm to 50 mm.

4.5 Handrails attached to walls should have a clearance no less than 50 mm from the wall.
Handrails on ledges should have a clearance not less than 40 mm.

5. OPEN SPACES

5.1 Where open spaces are provided, the blind can become particularly disoriented. Therefore,
it is extremely helpful if any walkway or paths can be given defined edges either by the use
of planters with dwarf walls, or a grass verge, or similar, which provides a texture different
from the path.

6. SIGNAGES

6.1 Directional and informational sign should be located at points conveniently seen even by a
person on a wheelchair and those with visual impairments;

6.2 Signs should be kept simple and easy to understand; signages should be made of contrasting
colors and contrasting gray matter to make detection and reading easy;

6.3 The international symbol for access should be used to designate routes and facilities that are
accessible;

6.4 Should a sign protrude into a walkway or route, a minimum headroom of 2.0 meters should
be provided;

6.5 Signs on walls and doors should be located at a maximum height of 1.60 M. and a minimum
height of 1.40 meters. For signage on washroom doors, see C. Section 8.6.

6.6 Signages labelling public rooms and places should have raised symbols, letters or numbers
with minimum height of 1 mm; braille symbols should be included in signs indicating public
places and safety routes;

6.7 Text on signboards shall be of a dimension that people with less than normal visual acuity
can read at a certain distance.
7. CROSSINGS

7.1 In order to reduce the exposure time to vehicular traffic, all at grade crossing should

7.1.1 Be as near perpendicular to the carriageway as possible.

7.1.2 Be located at the narrowest, most convenient part of the carriageway.

7.1.3 Have central refuges of at least 1.5 m in depth and preferably 2 m, provided as a
mid-crossing shelter, where the width of carriageway to be crossed exceeds 10 m.

7.2 All crossings should be located close if not contiguous with the normal pedestrian desire
line.

7.3 Provide tactile blocks in the immediate vicinity of crossings as an aid to the blind. The tactile
surface has to be sufficiently high enough to be felt through the sole of the shoe but low
enough not to cause pedestrian to trip, or to affect the mobility of wheelchair users. See
details of recommended pairing slabs below. Note: Tactile strips formed from brushed or
grooved concrete finishes have not been proven successful as they do not provide sufficient
distinction from the normal footway surface and therefore should not be used.

7.4 The most beneficial form of crossing as far as any disabled are concerned is the light
controlled crossing having pedestrian phases and synchronized audible signals and should,
wherever possible, be provided in preference to other types of crossings as determined by
the duly authorized agency.

7.5 The audible signal used for crossings should be easily distinguishable from other sounds in
the environment to prevent confusion to the blind. A prolonged sound should be audible to
warn the blind that the lights are about to change. (Design of such a system shall be
developed by the Traffic Engineering Center.)

7.6 The flashing green period required for the disabled should be determined on the basis of a
walking speed of 0.90 m/sec. rather than 1.20 m/sec. which is what is normally used. The
minimum period for the steady green (for pedestrians) should not be less than 6 seconds or
the crossing distance times 0.90 m/sec., whichever is the greatest.

B. PARKING

1. PARKING AREAS
1.1 Parking spaces for the disabled should allow enough space for a person to transfer to a
wheelchair from a vehicle;

1.2 Accessible parking spaces should be located as close as possible to building entrances or to
accessible entrances;

1.3 Whenever and wherever possible, accessible parking spaces should be perpendicular or to
an angle to the road or circulation aisles;

1.4 Accessible parking slots should have a minimum width of 3.70 m.;
 1.5 A walkway from accessible spaces of 1.20 m. clear width shall be provided between the front
ends of parked cars;

1.6 Provide dropped curbs or curb cut-outs to the parking level where access walkways are
raised;

1.7 Pavement markings, signs or other means shall be provided to delineate parking spaces for
the handicapped;

1.8 Parking spaces for the disabled should never be located at ramped or sloping areas;

C. INSIDE BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

1. ENTRANCES

1.1 Entrances should be accessible from arrival and departure points to the interior lobby;

1.2 One (1) entrance level should be provided where elevators are accessible;

1.3 In case entrances are not on the same level of the site arrival grade, ramps should be \
provided as access to the entrance level;

1.4 Entrances with vestibules shall be provided a level area with at least a 1.80 m. depth and a
1.50 m. width;

2. RAMPS

2.1 Changes in level require a ramp except when served by a dropped curb, an elevator or other
mechanical device;

2.2 Ramps shall have a minimum clear width of 1.20 m;

2.3 The maximum gradient shall be 1:12;

2.4 The length of a ramp should not exceed 6:00 m. if the gradient is 1:12; longer ramps whose
gradient is 1:12 shall be provided with landings not less than 1.50 m.;

2.5 A level area not less than 1.80 m. should be provided at the top and bottom of any ramp;

2.6 Handrails will be provided on both sides of the ramp at 0.70 m. and 0.90 m. from the ramp
level;

2.7 Ramps shall be equipped with curbs on both sides with a minimum height of 0.10 m.;

2.8 Any ramp with a rise greater than 0.20 m. and leads down towards an area where vehicular
traffic is possible, should have a railing across the full width of its lower end, not less than
1.80 meters from the foot of the ramp;
3. DOORS

3.1 All doors shall have a minimum clear width of 0.80 m;

3.2 Clear openings shall be measured between the surface of the fully open door at the hinge
and the door jamb at the stop;

3.3 Doors should be operable by a pressure or force not more than 4.0 kg; the closing device
pressure an interior door shall not exceed 1 kg.;

3.4 A minimum clear level space of 1.50 m x 1.50 m shall be provided before and extending
beyond a door; EXCEPTION: where a door shall open onto but not into a corridor, the
required clear, level space on the corridor side of the door may be a minimum of 1.20 m.
corridor width;

3.5 Protection should be provided from doors that swing into corridors;

3.6 Out swinging doors should be provided at storage rooms, closets and accessible restroom
stalls;

3.7 Latching or non-latching hardware should not require wrist action or fine finger
manipulation;

3.8 Doorknobs and other hardware should be located between 0.82 m. and 1.06 m. above the
floor; 0.90 is preferred;

3.9 Vertical pull handles, centered at 1.06 m. above the floor, are preferred to horizontal pull
bars for swing doors or doors with locking devices;

3.10 Doors along major circulation routes should be provided with kick plates made of durable
materials at a height of 0.30 m. to 0.40 m;

4. THRESHOLDS

4.1 Thresholds shall be kept to a minimum; whenever necessary, thresholds and sliding door
tracks shall have a maximum height of 25 mm and preferably ramped;

5. SWITCHES

5.1 Manual switches shall be positioned within 1.20 m to 1.30 m above the floor;

5.2 Manual switches should be located no further than 0.20 from the latch side of the door;

6. SIGNAGES
7. CORRIDORS

7.1 Corridors shall have minimum clear width of 1.20 m.; waiting areas and other facilities or
spaces shall not obstruct the minimum clearance requirement;

7.2 Recesses or turnabout spaces should be provided for wheelchairs to turn around or to
enable another wheelchair to pass; these spaces shall have a minimum area of 1.50 m x 1.50
m. and shall be spaced at a maximum of 12.00 m.;

7.3 Turnabout spaces should also be provided at or within 3.50 m. of every dead end;

7.4 As in walkways, corridors should be maintained level and provided with a slip resistant
surface;

8. WASHROOMS & TOILETS

8.1. Accessible public washrooms and toilets shall permit easy passage of a wheelchair and allow
the occupant to enter a stall, close the door and transfer to the water closet from either a
frontal or lateral position;

8.2 Accessible water closet stalls shall have a minimum area of 1.70 x 1.80 mts. One movable
grab bar and one fixed to the adjacent wall shall be installed at the accessible water closet
stall for lateral mounting; fixed grab bars on both sides of the wall shall be installed for stalls
for frontal mounting;

8.3 A turning space of 2.25 sq.m. with a minimum dimension of 1.50 m. for wheelchair shall be
provided for water closet stalls for lateral mounting;

8.4 All accessible public toilets shall have accessories such as mirrors, paper dispensers, towel
racks and fittings such as faucets mounted at heights reachable by a person in a wheelchair;

8.5 The minimum number of accessible water closets on each floor level or on that part of a
floor level accessible to the disabled shall be one (1) where the total number of water closets
per set on that level is 20; and two (2) where the number of water closets exceed 20;

8.6 In order to aid visually impaired persons to readily determine whether a washroom is for
men or for women, the signage for men's washroom door shall be an equilateral triangle
with a vertex pointing upward, and those for women shall be a circle; the edges of the
triangle should be 0.30 m long as should be the diameter of the circle; these signages should
at least be 7.5 mm thick; the color and gray value of the doors; the words "men" and
"women" or the appropriate stick figures should still appear on the washroom doors for the
convenience of the fully sighted;

Note: the totally blind could touch the edge of the signs and
easily determine whether it is straight or curved;

8.7 The maximum height of water closets should be 0.45 m.; flush control should have a
maximum height of 1.20 mts.
 8.8 Maximum height of lavatories should be 0.80 m. with a knee recess of 0.60 - 0.70 M. vertical
clearance and a 0.50 m. depth.

8.9 Urinals should have an elongated lip or through type; the maximum height of the lip should
be 0.48 m

9. STAIRS

9.1 Tread surfaces should be a slip-resistant material; nosings may be provided with slip
resistant strips to further minimize slipping:

9.2 Slanted nosings are preferred to projecting nosings so as not to pose difficulty for people
using crutches or braces whose feet have a tendency to get caught in the recessed space or
projecting nosings. For the same reason, open stringers should be avoided.

9.3 The leading edge of each step on both runner and riser should be marked with a paint or
non-skid material that has a color and gray value which is in high contrast to the gray value
of the rest of the stairs; markings of this sort would be helpful to the visually impaired as
well as to the fully sighted person;

9.4 A tactile strip 0.30 m. wide shall be installed before hazardous areas such as sudden changes
in floor levels and at the top and bottom of stairs; special care must be taken to ensure the
proper mounting or adhesion of tactile strips so as not to cause accidents;

10. ELEVATORS

10.1 Accessible elevators should be located not more than 30.00 m. from the entrance and
should be easy to locate with the aid of signs;

10.2 Accessible elevators shall have a minimum dimension of 1.10 m. x 1.40 m.;

10.3 Control panels and emergency system of accessible elevators shall be within reach of a
seated person; centerline heights for the topmost buttons shall be between 0.90 m to 1.20
m from the floor;

10.4 Button controls shall be provided with braille signs to indicate floor level; at each floor, at
the door frames of elevator doors, braille-type signs shall be placed so that blind persons
can be able to discern what floor the elevator car has stopped and from what level they are
embarking from; for installation heights;

10.4 Button sizes at elevator control panels shall have a minimum diameter of 20 mm and
should have a maximum depression depth of 1 mm;
D. SAFETY

1. FENCING FOR ROADWORKS AND FOOTWORKS

All excavations, whether on the road or footway must be adequately protected, i.e. fenced.
Whatever the type of fencing used, it is important the railings should incorporate the following features.

1.1 The height of the top of the rail should be at least 1.00 M. above the adjacent surface.

1.2 The railing should incorporate a tapping rail to assist the blind, and this should not be
greater than 0.35 M. above adjacent surface.

1.3 The fence should be strong enough to offer resistance should a blind person walk into it.

1.4 Gaps should not occur between adjoining fence lengths.

2. COVERS FOR EXCAVATIONS

2.1 Excavations in the footway or carriageway where pedestrians may walk are covered over
temporarily with properly constructed and supported boards to provide a temporary path for
pedestrians.

2.2 If the footway width will be reduced to less than 1.20 because of the excavation, the
temporary covering should extend across the whole of the footway.

2.3 Minimum dimensions at obstructions

2.3.1 Effective width of footways past any obstruction should not be less than 1.20 M.

2.3.2 If unavoidable, loose materials temporarily stored on footways must be properly

fenced and prevented from encroaching onto the main footway by the use of a
kickboard at least 0.20 M. high which will also serve as a tapping board for the blind.

3. SIGNAGE FOR ROADWORKS ON THE CARRIAGEWAY

3.1 Temporary signs used to warn of roadworks should be carefully located and should not
cause any inconveniences to pedestrians, particularly the disabled.

3.1.1 Signs should be located on verges or similar whenever these are available.

3.1.2 Signs should not reduce the available footway width to less than 1.20 M.
 ILLUSTRATIONS FOR MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
A. OUTSIDE AND AROUND BUILDINGS
1. DROPPED CURBS

1.1 Changes in level walkways should be by a dropped curb.

1.2 Dropped curbs should be provided at pedestrian crossings and at the end of walkways of a
private street or access road.

1.3 Dropped curbs at crossings have a width corresponding to the width of the crossing;
otherwise, the minimum width is 0.90 m.

1.4 Dropped curbs shall be ramped towards adjoining curbs with a gradient not more than 1:12.

1.5 Dropped curbs shall be sloped towards the road with a maximum cross gradient of 1:20 to
prevent water from collecting at the walkway.

1.6 The lowest point of a dropped curb should not exceed 25 mm from the road or gutter.
2. CURB CUT-OUTS

2.1 Curb cut-outs should only be allowed when it will not obstruct a walkway or in any way
lessen the width of a walkway.

2.2 The minimum width of a curb cut-out should be 0.90 M.

2.3 Curb cut-outs should have a gradient not more than 1:12.

3. WALKWAYS AND PASSAGEWAYS

3.1 Walkways should be kept as level as possible and provided with slip-resistant material.

3.2 Whenever and wherever possible, walkways should have a gradient no more than 1:20 or
5%.

3.3 Walkways should have a maximum cross gradient of 1:100.

3.4 Walkways should have a minimum width of 1.20 meters.

3.5 If possible, gratings should never be located along walkways. When occurring along
walkways, grating openings should have a maximum dimension of 13 mm x 13 mm and shall
not project more than 6.5 mm above the level of the walkway.

3.6 Walkways should have a continuing surface without abrupt pitches in angle or interruptions
by cracks or breaks creating edges above 6.50 mm.
3.7 In lengthy or busy walkways, spaces should be provided at some point along the route so
that a wheelchair may pass another or turn around. These spaces should have a minimum
dimension of 1.50 m and should be spaced at a maximum distance of 12:00 m between
stops.

3.8 To guide the blind, walkways should as much as possible follow straightforward routes with
right angle turns.

3.9 Where planting is provided adjacent to the walkway, regular maintenance is essential to
ensure branches of trees or shrubs do not overhang walkways or paths, as not only do these
present a particular danger to the blind, but they also reduce the effective footways width
available to pedestrians generally.

3.10 Walkway headroom should not be less than 2.0 m and preferably higher.

3.11 Passageways for the disabled should not be obstructed by street furniture, bollards, sign
posts or columns along the defined route, as they can be hazardous.
 4. HANDRAILS

4.1 Handrails should be installed at both sides of ramps and stairs and at the outer edges of
dropped curbs. Handrails at dropped curbs should not be installed beyond the width of any
crossing so as not to obstruct pedestrian flow.

4.2 Handrails shall be installed at 0.90 m and 0.70 m above steps or ramps. Handrails for
protection at great heights may be installed at 1.0 m to 1.06 m.

4.3 A 0.30 m long extension of the handrail should be provided at the start and end of ramps
and stairs.

4.4 Handrails that require full grip should have a dimension of 30 mm to 50 mm.

4.5 Handrails attached to walls should have a clearance no less than 50 mm from the wall.
Handrails on ledges should have a clearance not less than 40 mm.

5. OPEN SPACES

5.1 Where open spaces are provided, the blind can become particularly disoriented. Therefore,
it is extremely helpful if any walkway or paths can be given defined edges either by the use
of planters with dwarf walls, or a grass verge, or similar, which provides a texture different
from the path.
6. SIGNAGES

6.1 Directional and informational sign should be located at points conveniently seen even by a
person on a wheelchair and those with visual impairments;

6.2 Signs should be kept simple and easy to understand; signages should be made of contrasting
colors and contrasting gray matter to make detection and reading easy;

6.3 The international symbol for access should be used to designate routes and facilities that are
accessible;

6.4 Should a sign protrude into a walkway or route, a minimum headroom of 2.0 meters should
be provided;

6.5 Signs on walls and doors should be located at a maximum height of 1.60 M. and a minimum
height of 1.40 meters.

6.6 Signages labelling public rooms and places should have raised symbols, letters or numbers
with minimum height of 1 mm; braille symbols should be included in signs indicating public
places and safety routes;
 6.7 Text on signboards shall be of a dimension that people with less than normal visual acuity
can read at a certain distance.

7. CROSSINGS
7.1 In order to reduce the exposure time to vehicular traffic, all at grade crossing should

7.1.1 Be as near perpendicular to the carriageway as possible.

7.1.2 Be located at the narrowest, most convenient part of the carriageway.

7.1.3 Have central refuges of at least 1.5 m in depth and preferably 2 m, provided as a
mid-crossing shelter, where the width of carriageway to be crossed exceeds 10 m.

7.2 All crossings should be located close if not contiguous with the normal pedestrian desire
line.

7.3 Provide tactile blocks in the immediate vicinity of crossings as an aid to the blind. The tactile
surface has to be sufficiently high enough to be felt through the sole of the shoe but low
enough not to cause pedestrian to trip, or to affect the mobility of wheelchair users.

Note: Tactile strips formed from brushed or grooved concrete finishes have not been
proven successful as they do not provide sufficient distinction from the normal
footway surface and therefore should not be used.
 7.4 The most beneficial form of crossing as far as any disabled are concerned is the light
controlled crossing having pedestrian phases and synchronized audible signals and should,
wherever possible, be provided in preference to other types of crossings as determined by
the duly authorized agency.

7.5 The audible signal used for crossings should be easily distinguishable from other sounds in
the environment to prevent confusion to the blind. A prolonged sound should be audible to
warn the blind that the lights are about to change. (Design of such a system shall be
developed by the Traffic Engineering Center.)

7.6 The flashing green period required for the disabled should be determined on the basis of a
walking speed of 0.90 m/sec. rather than 1.20 m/sec. which is what is normally used. The
minimum period for the steady green (for pedestrians) should not be less than 6 seconds or
the crossing distance times 0.90 m/sec., whichever is the greatest.

B. PARKING
1. PARKING AREAS

1.1 Parking spaces for the disabled should allow enough space for a person to transfer to a
wheelchair from a vehicle;

1.2 Accessible parking spaces should be located as close as possible to building entrances or to
accessible entrances;

1.3 Whenever and wherever possible, accessible parking spaces should be perpendicular or to
an angle to the road or circulation aisles;

1.4 Accessible parking slots should have a minimum width of 3.70 m.;

1.5 A walkway from accessible spaces of 1.20 m. clear width shall be provided between the front
ends of parked cars;

1.6 Provide dropped curbs or curb cut-outs to the parking level where access walkways are
raised;

1.7 Pavement markings, signs or other means shall be provided to delineate parking spaces for
the handicapped;

1.8 Parking spaces for the disabled should never be located at ramped or sloping areas;
C. INSIDE BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
1. ENTRANCES

1.1 Entrances should be accessible from arrival and departure points to the interior lobby;

1.2 One (1) entrance level should be provided where elevators are accessible;

1.3 In case entrances are not on the same level of the site arrival grade, ramps should be
provided as access to the entrance level;

1.4 Entrances with vestibules shall be provided a level area with at least a 1.80 m. depth and a
1.50 m. width;

2. RAMPS

2.1 Changes in level require a ramp except when served by a dropped curb, an elevator or other
mechanical device;

2.2 Ramps shall have a minimum clear width of 1.20 m;

2.3 The maximum gradient shall be 1:12;

2.4 The length of a ramp should not exceed 6:00 m. if the gradient is 1:12; longer ramps whose
gradient is 1:12 shall be provided with landings not less than 1.50 m.;

2.5 A level area not less than 1.80 m. should be provided at the top and bottom of any ramp;

2.6 Handrails will be provided on both sides of the ramp at 0.70 m. and 0.90 m. from the ramp
level;
 2.7 Ramps shall be equipped with curbs on both sides with a minimum height of 0.10 m.;

2.8 Any ramp with a rise greater than 0.20 m. and leads down towards an area where vehicular
traffic is possible, should have a railing across the full width of its lower end, not less than
1.80 meters from the foot of the ramp;

3. DOORS

3.1 All doors shall have a minimum clear width of 0.80 m; 3.2 Clear openings shall be measured
between the surface of the fully open door at the hinge and the door jamb at the stop;

3.3 Doors should be operable by a pressure or force not more than 4.0 kg; the closing device
pressure an interior door shall not exceed 1 kg.;

3.4 A minimum clear level space of 1.50 m x 1.50 m shall be provided before and extending
beyond a door; EXCEPTION: where a door shall open onto but not into a corridor, the
required clear, level space on the corridor side of the door may be a minimum of 1.20 m.
corridor width;

3.5 Protection should be provided from doors that swing into corridors;

3.6 Out swinging doors should be provided at storage rooms, closets and accessible restroom
stalls;

3.7 Latching or non-latching hardware should not require wrist action or fine finger
manipulation;
 3.8 Doorknobs and other hardware should be located between 0.82 m. and 1.06 m. above the
floor; 0.90 is preferred;

3.9 Vertical pull handles, centered at 1.06 m. above the floor, are preferred to horizontal pull
bars for swing doors or doors with locking devices;

3.10 Doors along major circulation routes should be provided with kick plates made of durable
materials at a height of 0.30 m. to 0.40 m;

4. THRESHOLDS

4.1 Thresholds shall be kept to a minimum; whenever necessary, thresholds and sliding door
tracks shall have a maximum height of 25 mm and preferably ramped;

5. SWITCHES

5.1 Manual switches shall be positioned within 1.20 m to 1.30 m above the floor;

5.2 Manual switches should be located no further than 0.20 from the latch side of the door;

6. SIGNAGES

7. CORRIDORS

7.1 Corridors shall have minimum clear width of 1.20 m.; waiting areas and other facilities or
spaces shall not obstruct the minimum clearance requirement;

7.2 Recesses or turnabout spaces should be provided for wheelchairs to turn around or to
enable another wheelchair to pass; these spaces shall have a minimum area of 1.50 m x 1.50
m. and shall be spaced at a maximum of 12.00 m.;
 7.3 Turnabout spaces should also be provided at or within 3.50 m. of every dead end;

7.4 As in walkways, corridors should be maintained level and provided with a slip resistant
surface;

8. WASHROOMS & TOILETS

8.1. Accessible public washrooms and toilets shall permit easy passage of a wheelchair and allow
the occupant to enter a stall, close the door and transfer to the water closet from either a
frontal or lateral position;

8.2 Accessible water closet stalls shall have a minimum area of 1.70 x 1.80 mts. One movable
grab bar and one fixed to the adjacent wall shall be installed at the accessible water closet
stall for lateral mounting; fixed grab bars on both sides of the wall shall be installed for stalls
for frontal mounting;

8.3 A turning space of 2.25 sq.m. with a minimum dimension of 1.50 m. for wheelchair shall be
provided for water closet stalls for lateral mounting;

8.4 All accessible public toilets shall have accessories such as mirrors, paper dispensers, towel
racks and fittings such as faucets mounted at heights reachable by a person in a wheelchair;

8.5 The minimum number of accessible water closets on each floor level or on that part of a
floor level accessible to the disabled shall be one (1) where the total number of water closets
per set on that level is 20; and two (2) where the number of water closets exceed 20;

8.6 In order to aid visually impaired persons to readily determine whether a washroom is for
men or for women, the signage for men's washroom door shall be an equilateral triangle
with a vertex pointing upward, and those for women shall be a circle; the edges of the
triangle should be 0.30 m long as should be the diameter of the circle; these signages should
at least be 7.5 mm thick; the color and gray value of the doors; the words "men" and
"women" or the appropriate stick figures should still appear on the washroom doors for the
convenience of the fully sighted;

Note: the totally blind could touch the edge of the signs and easily determine whether it
is straight or curved;
 8.7 The maximum height of water closets should be 0.45 m.; flush control should have a
maximum height of 1.20 mts.

8.8 Maximum height of lavatories should be 0.80 m. with a knee recess of 0.60 - 0.70 M. vertical
clearance and a 0.50 m. depth.

8.9 Urinals should have an elongated lip or through type; the maximum height of the lip should
be 0.48 m.

9. STAIRS

9.1 Tread surfaces should be a slip-resistant material; nosings may be provided with slip
resistant strips to further minimize slipping:

9.2 Slanted nosings are preferred to projecting nosings so as not to pose difficulty for people
using crutches or braces whose feet have a tendency to get caught in the recessed space or
projecting nosings. For the same reason, open stringers should be avoided.

9.3 The leading edge of each step on both runner and riser should be marked with a paint or
non-skid material that has a color and gray value which is in high contrast to the gray value
of the rest of the stairs; markings of this sort would be helpful to the visually impaired as
well as to the fully sighted person;

9.4 A tactile strip 0.30 m. wide shall be installed before hazardous areas such as sudden changes
in floor levels and at the top and bottom of stairs; special care must be taken to ensure the
proper mounting or adhesion of tactile strips so as not to cause accidents;
10. ELEVATORS

10.1 Accessible elevators should be located not more than 30.00 m. from the entrance and
should be easy to locate with the aid of signs;

10.2 Accessible elevators shall have a minimum dimension of 1.10 m. x 1.40 m.;

10.3 Control panels and emergency system of accessible elevators shall be within reach of a
seated person; centerline heights for the topmost buttons shall be between 0.90 m to 1.20
m from the floor;

10.4 Button controls shall be provided with braille signs to indicate floor level; at each floor, at
the door frames of elevator doors, braille-type signs shall be placed so that blind persons
can be able to discern what floor the elevator car has stopped and from what level they are
embarking from; for installation heights,

10.5 Button sizes at elevator control panels shall have a minimum diameter of 20 mm and
should have a maximum depression depth of 1 mm;

11. WATER FOUNTAINS

11.1 At least one (1) fountain shall be provided for every 2,000 sq.m. of floor area and there
shall not be less than one (1) on each floor. Water spouts shall be at the front and shall be
push-button controlled. If wall-mounted, the maximum height of the water fountain shall
be 0.85 m. from the floor to the ro,. Should the floor-mounted type be higher than 0.85 m.
up to the rim, either provide paper cups or another lower fountain.
 12. PUBLIC TELEPHONES

12.1 Provide a clear, unobstructed space of 1.50 m x 1.50 m in front of mall mounted and free
standing units and telephones mounted at the rear wall of alcoves or recesses.

12.2 Telephone booth door openings should have a minimum clear width of 0.80 m. with either
outswing, folding or sliding doors, coin slots, dialing controls, receivers and instructional
signs shall be locked at a maximum of 1.10 m. above the floor.

13. PLACES OF ASSEMBLY

13.1 Number of seating accommodations reserved for wheelchair users shall be in accordance
with Section 7 of the Rule III.

D. SAFETY
1. FENCING FOR ROADWORKS AND FOOTWORKS

All excavations, whether on the road or footway must be adequately protected, i.e. fenced.
Whatever the type of fencing used, it is important the railings should incorporate the following features.

1.1 The height of the top of the rail should be at least 1.00 M. above the adjacent surface.

1.2 The railing should incorporate a tapping rail to assist the blind, and this should not be
greater than 0.35 M. above adjacent surface.

1.3 The fence should be strong enough to offer resistance should a blind person walk into it.

1.4 Gaps should not occur between adjoining fence lengths

2. COVERS FOR EXCAVATIONS

2.1 Excavations in the footway or carriageway where pedestrians may walk are covered over
temporarily with properly constructed and supported boards to provide a temporary path
for pedestrians.

2.2 If the footway width will be reduced to less than 1.20 because of the excavation, the
temporary covering should extend across the whole of the footway.

2.3 Minimum dimensions at obstructions

2.3.1 Effective width of footways past any obstruction should not be less than 1.20 M.

2.3.2 If unavoidable, loose materials temporarily stored on footways must be properly

fenced and prevented from encroaching onto the main footway by the use of a
kickboard at least 0.20 M. high which will also serve as a tapping board for the
blind.

3. SIGNAGE FOR ROADWORKS ON THE CARRIAGEWAY

3.1 Temporary signs used to warn of roadworks should be carefully located and should not
cause any inconveniences to pedestrians, particularly the disabled.

3.1.1 Signs should be located on verges or similar whenever these are available.

3.1.2 Signs should not reduce the available footway width to less than 1.20 M.
4. LOCATION OF EMERGENCY EXIT

4.1 Wall mounted or free-standing tablets with an embossed plan configuration of the building
which also shows the location of the lobby, washrooms and emergency exits of the building
(indicated by different textures with corresponding meanings) should be provided either in
front of the building or at the main lobby. The markings of this tablet should be readable by
both the fully sighted and the blind persons.

4.2 Flashing light directional signs indicating the location(s) of fire exit shall be provided at every
change in direction with sufficient power provided in accordance with the provisions for
emergency lighting under Section 3.410 of P.D. NO. 1185 (The Fire Code of the Philippines).