mvaviY MwYZ
(exRMwYZxq ivwk)
RvbZ ne :
1. + . + = + ; .=+ ; +.= ; .+=
2. (Into ) ev, (.) viv Y cKvk Ki|
3. a
mn
(base GKB nj Yi Power jv hvM nq|)
am
4. a mn (base GKB nj fvMi Power jvi ga weqvM ne|)
an
1
5.
2
1 n
n
6. a (a K cov nq a inversion )
an
7. a a1[base Gi Dci Power bv _vKj 1 aiZ nq|]
8. a 0 1
9. a2 a [ Ges square G KvUvKvwU nq|]
1 1
10. (a 2 ) 2 a 2 [ Kvbv base Gi Dci Power gvb ]
2
1 1 1 1
11. (i ) 1 ; (ii ) 1 ; (iii ) 1 ; (iv ) 1
1 1 1 1
a2 1 a2 1
12. nj ne|
x x x
13. 2a 3a 4b 5b 2 6c 2 nj, ( 2 3 4 5 6) (a a )(b b ) c ne|
2 2
Note : [mvswLK mnMjv GKmv_ Y nq Ges base jv Power mn Y nq|]
ax 6 bx 3 cx 2 2ax
14. GKwU ec`x ivwk|
1 2 3 4
ivwkwUi
(i ) c`msLv 4 wU|
(ii ) x Gi mevP NvZ ev m~PK 6 .
(iii ) x Gi mewbg NvZ 1
15. 2 x 4 110 48 x 36 x 2 8 x 3 ivwkwUK NvZi Aatg (eo-QvU) Abyhvqx mvwRq
cvB,
2 x 4 8 x 3 36 x 2 48 x 100
16. a 6 a a a a a a [base Gi Dci hZ msLK Power _vKe ZZevi base wU Y ne|
hgb : a 3 2 2 2 8
7 1
17. a
a7
18. 2( a b) 2( a ) 2(b)
2a 2b
19. (For Ex 5.1) cqvRbxq m~vejx :
m~ : (a b) 2 a 2 2ab b 2 [mij / Drcv`K wbYq|]
Abywmv : (i ) (a b) 2 (a b) 2 4ab [gvb wbYq|]
(ii ) a b (a b) 2 4ab
Note : a 2 100 nj a 100 10 [ a 2 100 ev, a 100 (eMg~j Ki)]
GKBfve, b 2 36 nj, b 36 6
m~ : (a b) 2 a 2 2ab b 2 [mij / Drcv`K wbYq]
Abywmv : (i ) (a b) 2 (a b) 2 4ab [gvb wbYq|]
(ii ) a b (a b) 2 4ab [gvb wbYq|]
m~ : (a b)(a b) a 2 b 2 [mij / Drcv`K / gvb wbYq|]
Abywmv : (i ) a 2 b 2 (a b) 2 2ab [gvb wbYq|]
(ii ) a 2 b 2 (a b) 2 2ab [gvb wbYq|]
Abywmv : (i ) 4ab (a b) 2 (a b) 2 [gvb wbYq|]
2 2
(ii ) ab a b a b [gvb wbYq|]
2 2
Abywmv : 2(a 2 b 2 ) (a b) 2 (a b) 2 [gvb wbYq|]
m~ : ( x a)( x b) x 2 (a b) x ab [mij / Drcv`K wbYq]
m~ : a 2 b 2 (a b)(a b) [mij / Drcv`K wbYq]
*** m~ : (a b c) 2 a 2 b 2 c 2 2ab 2bc 2ca [mij / Drcv`K / gvb wbYq]
Abywmv : (i ) a 2 b 2 c 2 (a b c) 2 2(ab bc ca) [gvb wbYq|]
(ii ) 2( ab bc ca ) ( a b c ) 2 ( a 2 b 2 c 2 ) [gvb wbYq|]