History The Emergence of Drama

Drama

Drama definition is a literary work that opens a story through the dialogues of its characters. One
feature of drama is dialogue, dialogue is a drama element that distinguishes between dramas with epics
and stories.

Drama Appearance in greece:

Beginning to build a drama in Greece is when the greek singing poems with songs in festivals / gods in
the form of choir (choir) of the men. As they praise the god of dynisius that is the god of fertility and the
praise of the other heroes. Besides the gods, the Greeks also held two celebrations, namely: First
celebration in winter and the Second celebration in spring.

Greek drama is divided into two kinds, namely:

1. Comedy drama, which arises from ridicule, as well as the famous comedy comedian Aristhopanes
(387-450 BC).

2. The drama of tragedy, which arises from praise, as for the famous tragedy playwoman, sopocles (405-
490 BC).

Latin and Roman imitations in Greek drama:

The Latin drama mimicked the Greek drama, the romance drama in terms of theme, outlook, and
clothing was similar to the Greek drama.

Drama in Europe In the Middle Ages

European drama in the middle of the translation of religion (christian) and theme of the theme of the
gospel.

The influence of the Catholic Church on the drama was immense in this medieval age. In the staging
there is a singing that is performed by the monks and interspersed with the choir. Then there are the
"Pasio" customers as is often done in the church ahead of the Easter ceremony to date. Throughout the
1400s 1500s, many cities in Europe staged a drama to select the Christian holidays. The dramas are
based on Al-Kitab stories and are displayed on trains drawn around the city, called "contests". The
contest players use the place below due to. This equipment is used for the blowing effect, Like down an
actor from the stage. The pageant players play a scene from the story in the Bible, then walk again.
Another Pageant from other actors for the next scene, surrender. The contest actors are ordinary
craftsmen who play scenes that show their expertise. People flock to watch religious drama contest in
Europe. This drama is pupoler because the player speaks in everyday language, not Latin which is the
official language of Christian church.

Drama in Europe During the Resurrection

Some of the classical playwrights of this period, as follows:

Classical Greek theater author That is:

Aeschylus (525-BC.) It was he who first introduced the prontagonist and antagonist able to live the role.
His famous work is the Oresteia Trilogy consisting of Agamennon, The Libatian Beavers, and The Furies.

Shopocles (496-406 BC.) The famous work is Oedipus King, Oedipus at Colonus, Antigone.

Euripides (484-406 BC) His works include Medea, Hyppolitus, Troyan Woman, Cyclops.

Aristophanes (448-380 BC) The author of the comedy drama script, his famous works are Lysistrata,
Hornet, Cloud, Frog, Bird.

Manander (349-29 BC) Manander removes the choir and replaces it with various temperaments, such
as the character of a good parent, a cunning slave, an honest child, a brash prostitute, an arrogant army
and so on. Manander's work was also very strong in Roman Classical times and Renaissance dramas and
Elisabethan.

All Greek tragedy drama is based on legend. These dramas often make the audience feel tense, scared,
and pity. Funny and raucous comedy drama is also often make fun of famous figures.

One of the most famous works of the time was Romeo and Juliet is the story of William Shakespeare's
tragedy written early in his career. Her story presents a couple of youths who fall in love, but are
hindered by their hostile families.

In the 19th century in Italy appeared more musical drama monologue than dialogue. Musical drama is a
form of drama that combines songs, speech, acting, and dance dialogue. Her emotional content - humor,
love, anger, and her story are communicated through the words, music, movements and technical
aspects of entertainment as a whole. Although musical dramas also include other drama forms such as
opera, it can be distinguished from equivalent interests to music when compared to dialogue,
movement, and other elements of the work.

Drama in Europe In The Age Of Romanticism

Since the end of the 19th century, when the rise of Romanticism drama began to develop and has a
different style with the classical flow in a number of rules or grammar of art and themes, while the
theme itself is social and humanity, mixed with the type of literature, resulting in a combination of
mimetic and comedy Which is known as romantic drama, this drama not only applies to sya'ir therapy
also applies to prose as did the French poet named Alfred de mousih, and in the end this drama tends to
Realism.

So after the flow of romantic emerged was born another drama that changes the style of drama that is
art and social such as: the flow of realism, semiotic, and social realism.

The influence of European literature on Arabic and Eastern literature:

Arabic literature and eastern literature, this is a kind of opera drama with different themes, while the
theme is taken from 1001 night literary works. Like the European opera drama whose title (Aladin and
magic lamp), and the drama whose title (the famous shoemaker in Cairo) is an opera drama composed
by H. Rabaud. It was the first drama in Paris in 1914. Then the opera drama whose theme "
"was a comedy drama by Maurical Ravel in 1903.

Imagination According to the Arab Nations:

Imagination in Arabic poem ghina'I (lyrics) is not known in dramas to modern times. That may only take
from the artwork (maqomat) and based solely on the elements of dialogue alone, dialogue is an element
of the art of drama. However, the lyrics of the lyrics will be known to younger until the modern day if
the Arabic poets know that the original elements of the drama are imaginary.

Drama In Arabic Literature

The first time an Arab drama was pioneered around the mid-19th century in Syria. Syria also includes
libanon and palestine as they are all combined. The first person to start the Arabic drama (Marwan an-
naqos 1817-1855). While the harm of the Italian nation, french, turkish and Arabic culture that took
from the art of italian but in terms of their theme depends on the dramas and french culture. In 1848
the naqos marwan featured dramas at his home in Beirut with the help of a literary translator of the
drama, the drama featured '( L'Avare) in the presented drama showing the character of the Arab
nations in terms of the names of the characters and The background. The second drama is a comedy
drama by Abu Hasan taken from 1001 literary works. Abu Hasan is a descendant of the Aaron ar-Rosyid
kholifah, and the third drama as well as the last drama that tells the history of drama by Moliere.

The group of super-playwomen led by Salim an-naqos (ibn akhi marwan an-naqos arrived in egypt 19th
century. Among these groups Adib ishaq and Yusuf Khayat were the first to arrive in Egypt since 1876.
They are also deputy playwrights in Cairo Or drama (Andromak), (vedder) by French poet rosin, drama
by poet , drama ( )by the classical French poet I'abbe D 'Aubignac.

The Influence of Ahmad Syauqi In The Flow Of Realism, Classics And Romanticism In French Literature

In the drama majnun laila seemed influenced by the flow of realism in view in terms of its historical qois.
The influence of classical flow in the story majnun laila this can be seen from the drama of his poetry,
and one of the time that depends on individual problems ie between compassion / sympathy. As laila
says in a poem:
 "I lie between two things which both can throw me into hell, so do not blame me but lead me"

"Between my greed for the sanctity I show and my guarding is only for the one I love."

The influence of the flow of romance seen from the compassion and obligation in the soul laila.

The combination of these three schools can influence Ahmad Syauqi in Eastern literature especially
French literature in choosing the title (Laila Majnun) which is only concerned with the French poems.