World War I
Main article: Military career of Adolf Hitler
Hitler (far right, seated) with his army comrades of the Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment 16 (c. 1914
18)
In August 1914, at the outbreak of World War I, Hitler was living in Munich and voluntarily
enlisted in the Bavarian Army.[61] According to a 1924 report by the Bavarian authorities,
allowing Hitler to serve was almost certainly an administrative error, since as an Austrian
citizen, he should have been returned to Austria.[61] Posted to the Bavarian Reserve Infantry
Regiment 16 (1st Company of the List Regiment),[62][61] he served as a dispatch runner on
the Western Front in France and Belgium,[63] spending nearly half his time at the regimental
headquarters in Fournes-en-Weppes, well behind the front lines.[64][65] He was present at
the First Battle of Ypres, the Battle of the Somme, the Battle of Arras, and the Battle of
Passchendaele, and was wounded at the Somme.[66] He was decorated for bravery, receiving
the Iron Cross, Second Class, in 1914.[66] On a recommendation by Lieutenant Hugo Gutmann,
Hitler's Jewish superior, he received the Iron Cross, First Class on 4 August 1918, a decoration
rarely awarded to one of Hitler's Gefreiter rank.[67][68] He received the Black Wound Badge on 18
May 1918.[69]
Adolf Hitler as a soldier during World War I (1