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Ming and Qing

The document summarizes key aspects of footbinding in China, Ming Dynasty voyages of exploration, economic growth during Ming rule, reasons for Ming decline, and establishment and fall of the Qing Dynasty. Footbinding began as a noble practice but spread among all classes by the Song Dynasty. The Ming sponsored naval voyages under Zheng He that extended Chinese influence but were abandoned due to financial needs. The Ming economy prospered but declined in the late 1500s due to weak rulers, corruption, tax burden, and rebellions. The Manchu swept in and established the Qing Dynasty in 1644 after the last Ming emperor killed himself. The Qing ruled a large but prosperous China that was later challenged by European imperialism and

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68 views9 pages

Ming and Qing

The document summarizes key aspects of footbinding in China, Ming Dynasty voyages of exploration, economic growth during Ming rule, reasons for Ming decline, and establishment and fall of the Qing Dynasty. Footbinding began as a noble practice but spread among all classes by the Song Dynasty. The Ming sponsored naval voyages under Zheng He that extended Chinese influence but were abandoned due to financial needs. The Ming economy prospered but declined in the late 1500s due to weak rulers, corruption, tax burden, and rebellions. The Manchu swept in and established the Qing Dynasty in 1644 after the last Ming emperor killed himself. The Qing ruled a large but prosperous China that was later challenged by European imperialism and

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MING &

QING Notes
CHAPTER 16
FOOTBINDING
• Footbinding began in the
early Tang Dynasty after an
emperor expressed love for small feet.
• At first few women bound their feet; however, by the
end of the Song Dynasty women of all classes
bound their feet.
• Women with bound feet were
much more marriageable.
• Showed that the woman did
not have to work (that they
were wealthy)
The Ming
Dynasty
1368-1644

THE MING DYNASTY


• The Ming Dynasty used the Mandate of
Heaven to justify their dynasty.
• Mandate of Heaven: the idea that there
could be only one legitimate ruler of
China at a time, and that this ruler had
the blessing of the gods.
MING TAKE TO THE
SEAS
• Emperor Yonglo sponsored
voyages to extend influence
• Zheng He led 7 voyages to
Southern Asia, and East Africa
• Over 300 ships and 20,000 men
• Traveled for trade and commerce
MING TAKE TO THE
SEAS
• Presented gifts from China wherever he
went and foreign leaders sent tribute to
China
• Voyages stopped because funding was
needed to protect the borderlands.
• The Ming increasingly became isolationist
avoiding European influence.
MING JUNKS V.
EUROPEAN CARAVELS

MING ECONOMY AND SOCIETY


Prosperity
• Ming rule brought prosperity to China
• Improved methods of irrigation increased farm production
• Peasants produced huge rice crops in southern river valleys
Growth of Crops, Population
• 1500s, new crops like corn, sweet potatoes from The Americas
reached China
• These crops further increased farm output
• Stability, plentiful food led to substantial population growth
Growth of Cities, Industries
• As population grew, so did cities
• Industries like manufacture of porcelain, silk expanded in
response to growing European demand
• At same time, China remained mainly agricultural society
MING DECLINE

Reasons for Decline The Manchu


• Late 1500s, Ming Dynasty • Ming China weakened; the
began to decline Manchu, a people to northwest
in Manchuria, saw their chance
• Weak rulers took throne,
corruption increased under their • 1644, Manchu swept into
rule Beijing, took capital
• Defense efforts drained • Last Ming emperor killed
treasury; rulers raised taxes himself to avoid capture
• 1600s, high taxes, crop failures • Manchu formed own dynasty;
led to famine, hardship; gave it Chinese name—Qing
rebellions broke out

The Qing
Dynasty
1644-1912
QING DYNASTY
• Last dynasty in China
• Under the Manchu rulers, China became prosperous
reached its largest size in history.
• The Chinese still believed their products to be superior
to Europeans
• They traded silk, spices, and porcelain for gold and
silver (until opium was introduced around 1800)
The Fall of the Qing

● European Imperialism
○ China Loses Tributaries
○ Opium Wars
○ Spheres of Influence
● Internal Struggles
○ rulers Manchu, most people are Han
○ Loss of the Mandate of Heaven
○ Refusal to modernize
○ Boxer Rebellion

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