Guideline No.
: W-09(201510)
W-09 ANCHOR CHAIN CABLES
AND ACCESSORIES FOR SHIPS
Issued date: October 20,2015
© China Classification Society
Foreword:
This Guide is a part of CCS Rules, which contains technical requirements, inspection and testing
criteria related to classification and statutory survey of marine products.
This Guide is published and updated by CCS and can be found through http://www.ccs.org.cn .
Comments or suggestions can be sent by email to ps@ccs.org.cn .
Historical versions and release date :
W-09(201510) ANCHOR CHAIN CABLES AND ACCESSORIES FOR SHIPS
CONTENS
1 Application ..................................................................................................................................... 4
2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................... 4
3 Terms and definitions..................................................................................................................... 4
4 Plans and technical documents....................................................................................................... 5
5 Materials and components.............................................................................................................. 8
6 Stud welding procedure approval for grade 3 chain cables............................................................ 8
7 Design and technical requirements ................................................................................................ 8
8 Selection of typical samples ........................................................................................................... 8
9 Test items for works approval are given in Table 2. ...................................................................... 9
10 Delivery test items for chain cables and accessories are given in Table 3. ................................ 12
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W-09(201510) ANCHOR CHAIN CABLES AND ACCESSORIES FOR SHIPS
ANCHOR CHAIN CABLES AND ACCESSORIES FOR SHIPS
1 Application
This Guideline applies to the works approval and inspection of flash welded stud and studless
anchor chain cables and accessories made of forged steel for all types of ships.
Electro-welded anchor chains (including forged accessories) are to be classified into three grades,
depending on the nominal tensile strength, i.e. 1, 2 and 3 for stud cables, BM1 and BM2 for
studless cables. The detailed class is given in Table 1:
Class of the electro-welded anchor chains (including forged accessories)
Table 1
Name Grade Nominal diameter of link (mm)
Class I stud 1
Class II stud 2 11-162
Class III stud 3
Class I studless BM1
6-50
Class II studless BM2
2 Normative references
2.1 The following rules and standards are the basis for approval and inspection of anchor chain
cables and accessories.
2.2 Requirements in the following rules and standards quoted are part of this Chapter. For quoted
documents marked with the date, their subsequent amendments (except corrigenda) or revisions
will be inapplicable. However it is encouraged that parties concerned agreed with this Chapter
may discuss whether the latest edition of these documents can be adopted:
CCS Rules for Materials and Welding
IACS W18 Anchor Chain Cables and Accessories (Rev.5 May 2004)
ISO1704 Shipbuilding Stud Link Anchor Chains
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this Chapter, the terms and definitions in CCS Rules for Materials and Welding
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apply.
4 Plans and technical documents
A manufacturer intending for approval by CCS is to submit an application to CCS with the
following plans and technical documents for product approval:
4.1 Particulars of the manufacturer: the name, address, lay-out plan, production history, production
capacity, main products, superior department, legal person, registered trademark, business license,
ISO 9000 certificate, the number and qualification certification/experience of the personnel
engaged in inspection, test, welding, non-destructive test and in major technical management.
4.2 Details of the products for approval: types, specifications, steel grades, delivery condition.
4.3 A list of raw materials: information on the anchor chain steel and steel forging manufacturers
with their approval by CCS.
4.4 Particulars of main production equipment and inspection/test equipment: name/purpose, type
and capacity of anchor chains manufacturing equipment, forging equipment, stud equipment, heat
treatment furnace, proof-load testing machines, universal materials testing machines, impact
testing machines, chemical composition analysis instruments, welding equipment, non-destructive
testing machines, as to ensure that all equipment of the manufacturer are to satisfy the
requirements for production, test and examination of chain cables and accessories. The
inspection/test equipment is to be within the validity of calibration and the valid measurement
certificates are to be provided.
4.5 Manufacturing process and inspection: flowchart of manufacturing chain cables and
accessories from the stock of raw materials to the final products, with main process and
corresponding inspection points indicated; major technological documents and inspection/test
guidance notes.
The manufacturer is to provide the following detailed requirements for manufacturing process and
inspection.
4.5.1 Bar heating and bending: including heating method, heating temperature, heating time, weld
center tolerance, dislocation control and recording.
4.5.2 Flash welding: including link temperature before welding, amperage, voltage, heating time,
flash speed, upsetting pressure as well as control and recording of these parameters.
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4.5.3 Trimming: including methods and acceptance criteria.
4.5.4 Stud setting: including stud insertion method, annular ring measurement, stud dimension and
tolerance measurement recording after stud assembly.
4.5.5 Examination of surface quality and dimensions: acceptance criteria of surface quality,
dimension and tolerance, measures of repairs of defects.
4.5.6 Stud welding of grade 3 chain cables: welding method, welding equipment, consumables;
qualification certificate of welder, acceptance criteria, grinding recording.
4.5.7 Heat treatment: including control of parameters such as heating temperature, heating time
and holding times, as well as heat treatment methods for chain cables of different grades and
accessories.
4.5.8 Proof-load test and breaking test: test load, test equipment, test methods, measurement of
five links, measurement of a whole length of chain cables, measurement of single links and
accessories, and their recording.
4.5.9 Mechanical test: grade and specification of chain cables and accessories, the sampling
position, number and dimension of specimens, test temperature, acceptance criteria and recording.
4.5.10 Non-destructive test: NDT method, equipment, acceptance criteria, qualification certificate
of operational personnel.
4.6 Acceptance conditions for delivery: products acceptance for chain cables and accessories,
including visual and dimension examination, proof-load and breaking-load test, mechanical test,
and delivery criteria (including non-destructive test, package, identification and qualification
certificate).
4.7 Instructions for use of products: specifications, grade, delivery condition, standard satisfied,
method of connection of chain cables and anchors onboard ships, instructions for use and
operation.
4.8 Qualified products: recent quality statistics analysis (including qualified rate, unqualified rate,
reasons and measures taken) of chains and accessories, described in the form of table or diagram;
users’ comments, including feedbacks from customers both at home and abroad.
4.9 The quality/qualification certificate of the manufacturer for satisfactory chain cables and
accessories when delivery is to contain at least:
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4.9.1 name, grade and specification of chain cables and accessories;
4.9.2 CCS certificate No. of works approval and approval no. of drawing;
4.9.3 CCS Rules and relevant standards based for manufacturing and acceptance;
4.9.4 handwritten signature of inspector and manager of quality department and the date;
4.9.5 serial No. and quantity of chain cables or accessories, weight of chain cables, a single length
and the total length;
4.9.6 proof loads and breaking loads;
4.9.7 heat treatment condition for delivery;
4.9.8 marks on chain cables or accessories;
4.9.9 mechanical properties of chain cables or accessories (if applicable);
4.9.10 non-destructive test report (if applicable).
4.10 Quality management documents: including currently valid quality assurance manual,
procedures and system for quality control.
4.11 Where defects of chain cables or accessories need to be repaired by welding before heat
treatment, the weld repair procedure is to be submitted to CCS for examination and approval.
4.12 Drawings of chain cables and accessories: general arrangement (including the whole length
of chain cables and tolerance, heat treatment condition for delivery, proof-load/breaking load test,
mechanical property test, non-destructive test, method of connection of chain cables and anchors);
components and parts drawings (including dimension and tolerance of a single link and
accessories, pin hole size of accessories, grade 3 chain cables welded stud structure).
4.13 Type test program of chain cables and accessories: property test of links (including tensile
test, bend test, impact test, metallographic examination, macro-examination, sulphur prints,
hardness test), property test of accessories (including tensile test, impact test, metallographic
examination, macro-examination, sulphur prints, hardness test), test items for finished chain cables
and accessories (including proof-load test, breaking test, visual examination, dimension
examination, non-destructive test).
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5 Materials and components
Steels and steel forgings intended for chain cables and accessories are to be furnished with CCS
certificate of marine products or equivalent documents, and are to be manufactured at steelmakers
approved by CCS. Steel and steel forgings intended for chain cables and accessories without CCS
product certificates or equivalent documentation are to be fabricated at steelmakers approved by
CCS, and subject to CCS inspection.
6 Stud welding procedure approval for grade 3 chain cables
In the initial approval of grade 3 chain cables, the stud welding procedure is to be subject to an
approval test in accordance with the requirements in Welding Procedure Tests for Fillet Weld
Joints of Section 3, Chapter 3, PART THREE of CCS Rules for Materials and Welding. The test
items of welding procedure include hardness test, dye penetration/magnetic particle test, fracture
test, macro-examination, and the test results are to comply with the relevant requirements in 3.3.4,
Chapter 3, PART THREE of CCS Rules for Materials and Welding.
7 Design and technical requirements
The design of chain cables and accessories as well as relevant technical requirements are to
comply with relevant requirements of CCS Rules for Materials and Welding.
8 Selection of typical samples
8.1 The typical samples for works approval are to be, in respect to property, characteristics and
manufacturing quality, capable of representing or covering the products or product series to be
approved. The chain cables and accessories with maximum specification are to be selected for
each grade. Where grade 2 and grade 3 chain cables with the same specifications are to be
approved, approval of grade 3 is enough. Samples of accessories for approval may be of different
constructions such as Kenter type shackles (KS), swivels (SW), end shackles (ES) (or joining
shackles (JS)).
8.2 For the first approval, chain cables with maximum diameters by different chain making
equipment are to be selected as samples respectively.
8.3 For renewal, change or adding items of works approval certificate, CCS may consider the
reduction of test items.
8.4 Approval of enlarged links and end links are to be in accordance with the test items and
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requirements for accessories.
9 Test items for works approval are given in Table 9.
Test items for works approval of chain cables and accessories
Table 9
Test items Quantity Specimen preparation Test requirements
① tensile test 2 10.2.7.5
② bend test 1 For bending specimen, no cracks
or other open defects exceeding
③ impact test 6 sets 3 mm in dimension on the
outside of the bend portion
Photos (100 magnification) of
④ metallographic (1) A tensile specimen to be taken from the ferritic elements and austenitic
2
examination link back and welded zone respectively on grain size to be taken and free
the center of weld or at a position of 1/6 from any defects
diameter from the surface as shown in the
figure Photos (1 magnification) to be
(2) Bending specimen to be taken from the taken to determine the defects
⑤ surface of welded zone. The diameter of
1 and inclusions of chain steels
property test of links
macro-examination former is 2 times the thickness of and their size, distribution and
specimen. the bending angle is 180° shape
(3) 3 sets of impact specimens to be taken
in the welded zone and link back
respectively on the center of weld or at a
position of 1/6 diameter from the surface
(The test temperature to be -20℃, 0℃ and
+20℃ respectively) .
(4) A metallographic specimen to be taken Photos (1 magnification) to be
from the link back and welded zone taken to determine the
⑥ sulphur prints 1 respectively on the center of weld or at a distribution and segregations of
position of 1/6 diameter from the surface the sulphur in chain steels
as shown in the figure
(5) Macro-specimens to be taken in
longitudinal direction
(6) Sulphur prints to be taken from the
longitudinal section of links
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Continued Table 9
Test items Quantity Specimen preparation Test requirements
1 is not less than 120(HB)
property test of links
(7) The hardness test to be carried out on 2 is not less than 145(HB)
parent metal and welded zone respectively. 3 is not less than 207(HB)
⑦ hardness test 2
The locations to be suitably spaced and the
distribution diagram to be provided The above data for reference
only
① tensile test 1 (1) A tensile specimen to be taken as 10.2.8.4
② impact test 3 sets shown in the figure 10.2.7.5
(2) 3 sets of impact specimens to be taken Photos (100 magnification) of
③ metallographic as shown in the figure (the test temperature ferritic elements and austenitic
1
examination to be -20℃, 0℃ and +20℃ respectively). grain size to be taken and free
(3) A metallographic specimen to be taken from any defects.
as shown in the figure. Photos (1 magnification) to be
(4) Macro-specimen may be semi-circular taken to determine the defects
④
1 (5) Sulphur prints to be taken from the and inclusions of steel forgings
macroexamination
longitudinal section of links and their size, distribution and
(6) The hardness test to be carried out as
property test of accessories
shape.
shown in the figure. The locations to be
suitably spaced and the distribution
diagram to be provided
Photos (1 magnification) to be
taken to determine the
⑤ sulphur prints 1
distribution and segregations of
the sulphur in steel forgings.
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Continued Table 9
Test items Quantity Specimen preparation Test requirements
property test of accessories
2 is not less than 145(HB)
3 is not less than 207(HB)
⑥ hardness test 1
The above data for reference
only
A length of finished chain cables; one of
① proof-load test 1
KS, SW, ES or JS respectively
The breaking load specimen and the chain
cables and accessories for proof load test 10.2.7.1-10.2.7.4
② breaking-load are to be made in a single manufacturing 10.2.8.1-10.2.8.3
Test of finished chain cables and accessories
1
test cycle and heat treated together.
One specimen of chain cables; one
specimen of KS, SW, ES or JS respectively
③ Visual
1 Visual examination
examination
(1) Size of every link, length of five links, 10.2.4-10.2.5
④ dimension
1 the total length of chain, stud position.
examination
(2) Size of accessories
Dye penetration/magnetic particle test is
usually carried out on the crown, in the
⑤ non-destructive plane and at the side (diameter of link is CCS accepts relevant standards
1
test less than 80 mm); ultrasonic test is usually on non-destructive test
carried out in the plane and at the side for
links of diameter greater than 80 mm
Notes:
① The content in the Table is from section 2, chapter 10, PART ONE of CCS Rules for Materials
and Welding.
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② For swivels, specimens are to be taken from link body and bolt respectively for tensile, impact
tests, metallographic examination and hardness test. Macro-specimen is to be located in the
position where the change of body section is significant.
③ Where the tensile and impact specimens can not be cut due to smaller size of forged accessories,
metallographic examination and hardness test are to be carried out.
10 Delivery test items for chain cables and accessories are given in Table 10.
Delivery test items for chain cables and accessories
Table 10
Test items Specimen requirements
① visual examination (1) measurement of single link, five links, total length of chain, stud position;
② dimension examination (2) measurement of chain cables and accessories
10.2.4-10.2.5
③ proof load test 10.2.7.1-10.2.7.4;
④ break load test 10.2.8.1-10.2.8.3
⑤ mechanical test 10.2.7.5;
10.2.8.4
⑥ heat treatment record 10.2.6
Note: The content in the Table is from Section 2, Chapter 10, PART ONE of CCS Rules for
Materials and Welding.
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