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Lower Limb Nerve Anatomy

The document describes the major nerves of the lower limb, including those originating from the lumbar plexus (femoral and obturator nerves), sacral plexus (sciatic, pudendal, superior and inferior gluteal nerves), and individual nerves of the leg (fibular, tibial, saphenous). It outlines the muscular and cutaneous innervation territories of each nerve and clinical implications of injuries.

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Tom Wu
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128 views21 pages

Lower Limb Nerve Anatomy

The document describes the major nerves of the lower limb, including those originating from the lumbar plexus (femoral and obturator nerves), sacral plexus (sciatic, pudendal, superior and inferior gluteal nerves), and individual nerves of the leg (fibular, tibial, saphenous). It outlines the muscular and cutaneous innervation territories of each nerve and clinical implications of injuries.

Uploaded by

Tom Wu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Nerves in lower limb

‹Thigh
‹Anterior: Femoral N
‹Medial: Obturator N
‹Posterior: Sciatic N
‹Popliteal fossa
‹Sciatic N → bifurcation
‹Leg
‹Anterior: Fibular (peroneal) N
‹Posterior: Tibial N

PNS: lower limb 1


Fibular
nerve

Tibial
nerve

PNS: lower limb 2


Nerves in leg
Saphenous (Anterior)
‹Lateral
‹Common fibular n
‹Deep fibular n
‹Superficial fibular
medial side n
‹Medial
‹Saphenous N
(cutaneous)

PNS: lower limb 3


Nerves in leg
(posterior)

‹Common fibular N
from sciatic N
‹Tibial N
‹Sural N (lateral)

PNS: lower limb 4


Lumbar plexus

‹from ventral rami of L1-4; with


‹Obturator N (L2-4)
‹Femoral N (L2-4)
‹Lumbosacral trunk (L4-5)
‹Ilioinguinal (L1)
‹Iliohypogastric (L1)
‹Genitofemoral (L1-2)
‹Lat. femoral cutaenous (L2-3)
PNS: lower limb 5
Lumbar plexus

PNS: lower limb 6


Femoral nerve

‹From lumbar plexus (L2-4), deep to midpoint


of inguinal ligament
‹Motor
‹Anterior thigh muscles: Quadriceps femoris
‹Sensory
‹Ant-Med thigh

PNS: lower limb 7


PNS: lower limb 8
Obturator nerve

‹Lumbar plexus (L2-4)


‹through obturator foramen
‹Ant. br: adductor longus,
adductor brevis, gracillis,
pectineus
‹Post. br: obturator ext.,
adductor magnus

PNS: lower limb 9


Sacral plexus; Lumbosacral plexus
‹ventral rami of S1-4; joined with lower lumbar
nerves via lumbosacral trunk
‹Sciatic N (L4-S3)
‹Pudendal N (S2-4)
‹Superior gluteal N (L4-S1)
‹Inferior gluteal N (L5-S2)
‹Muscular nerves
‹Cutaneous nerves

PNS: lower limb 10


Lumbosacral
plexus

PNS: lower limb 11


Dermatome of
lower limb:

Principles:
Ventral side: Lumbar
Dorsal side: Sacral
‹Fig 5-12
Genital/Perineum:
Sacral

PNS: lower limb 12


Sciatic nerve

PNS: lower limb 13


Sciatic nerve

‹5-23a

Piriformis m.

PNS: lower limb 14


Fibular (Peroneal) nerve

‹Muscular innervation for Leg (Anterior and


Lateral compartments)
‹Common fibular (peroneal)
‹Deep fibular (peroneal)
‹Plantar extension (dorsiflexion)
‹Superficial fibular (peroneal)
‹Eversion

PNS: lower limb 15


Fibular (Peroneal)
nerve PNS: lower limb 16
Deep fibular nerve

PNS: lower limb 17


Tibial nerve
‹Muscular innervation for Leg (Post. compartment)
‹Tibial N
‹Plantar flexion
‹Medial plantar N
‹Lateral plantar N
‹Toe flexion
‹Sural N: some from a branch of tibial N

PNS: lower limb 18


Tibial nerve

Med. plantar Sural

Lat. plantar
PNS: lower limb 19
Skin innervation
of Foot

Sural

PNS: lower limb 20


Fibular (Peroneal) nerve
injury
‹foot-drop (steppage gait):
dragging of foot on the floor
‹Loss in
‹Dorsiflexion of ankle
‹Eversion of foot
‹Sensation of leg and foot

PNS: lower limb 21

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