TENTATIVE GUIDELINES FOR LEAN-CEMENT CONCRETE soUbee 2 AND Ride BL LEAN CEMENT-FLY ASH I 3 CONCRETE AS A PAVEMENT BASE OR SUBBASE THE INDIAN ROADS CONGRESSnc: ras Decor Gea (oad Delp) & ASL Sectaty * cigs one serarap a tase? Ty cmoy Ramee Eater ue) hitey Shear 4 Qetche At” Cup Ks £ RESostownn Sit nn ahaa os ie Rica 3 ha Beg Din Sal Metals Dison, Cet a TENTATIVE GUIDELINES FOR LEAN-CEMENT CONCRETE AND, LEAN CEMENT-FLY ASH CONCRETE AS A PAVEMENT BASE OR SUBBASE blah by ‘THE INDIAN ROADS CONGRESS Samant Howse, Shaan esd, ‘ew Debi i0011 cnataan asFirst Pabished: March 1979 (The Rights of Pubcon and of Trosation are revere) ‘TENTATIVE GUIDELINES FOR LEAN-CEMENT CONCRETE AND LEAN CEMENT-FLY ASH ‘CONCRETE AS A PAVEMENT BASE OR SUBBASE, Lean cement corte and lean ctmentfy ash conrete are semiigdmmterate having ctintysapeio lead "enprcion ‘tetas ar comptrd to Saves! grsalar bee nee te ter lice waerbound mnacdamy "As aufss smaller thickness of these materia eam be weed tg selace the conventional baer 290 "ible sures exible and ri pavemen constrain, Besides, superior fond spread ies,’ Ian cement onect andes eoment By ath contd ae reasant to soining Glan of water and eam serve as good Working palo on softer ‘Bandatins These ould be pateaary scl aa base eobase hue i beavy if reas, of in ick cotton sol rene (when oe in Sc heh tn wih eta cent ah Ssh i araible ‘wig economis lead” Ar there uatere wil Sal edi hen a eo en hey ie ‘ne courses has fo be obtained fot long dtsnces In on cement cone mis the semen pute at thin due «o'lesy quan cement.” Addition of fy ash rel in Formation of menty ao poste of thicker onahtensy theeoy feronng the platy aod adhesives ote mad ecg ‘tone a together, eof fs ne ‘inibute towards relieving is problem. NE NT AHO “These guidelines were approved bythe Cement Concrete Rosd Surfacing Commitee (porsontl sites bom) fa teasing Hed 2 Bhopal oa the Sth Becenber, 1976 1Bi Ra erie Dieta Genere and Dovomea erenie ese were then processed by the Speieations end Standards rma ei il Nee Bch Fah fhe Commitee were ened ou by Dr, we ION oF ARUP, Sitka aubted by VR. hull CE. Sei ak. Rise 2 THOREDERR REE or Ha cra concn ao ESSERE Si SSP 24. As Subbasetase Course in Fes Paveeat ZL Asfaluein case of semirgid materi i by tensile yack, ie CHR meted of dergn sso sane easeta Howe ia te absence of an esublshed presse oe ene of fombigd bases or subboses in composie. comune {Biknes of fean cement concrete or Iea Cement ek eth layer ay be "designed fr the present ss per ig COI aaa oF dssan, "age IRC: 37-1970 “Goilclnes for ‘Teiee cPey a * vesens™ wg an eqivaleney utr of 130". "Phe dick esy ot the Semitigid Iyer 20 obtained shal theesfer te SRS Tot degeacy by calculating is ude Tond cisying Mapes Meyer eauatons ke: 4359) defi 3(1-$) where Aeulinate oed carrying capacity for ineior loading onal, Vat sone, Rglem (050-035 fog ie ane Pie oad : “thins ofthe Ian cementen cmeaty ah concrete yer ean ‘Rolmons ia of lan cemenifein cement Ay ash ‘concrete (0,200.30), a 7 ‘r= madulusofrubgrdeceaction determined on top of the [get below leah cementiean eomeaty ah cogs, glen ‘aequvalet radius of tosd distbation over the lean nonteancemeat ly a conse oge Ss, ‘ty et ee 213, To allow fr loud repetition during the deign lie of ig, pase, he siimate toa een bay, See LG af Hie hn te design mea ade Se emlY shuld be (Put) recommended for he putpise we peer eaTamed ee Sree] oe we we ww ton Pacor 15015 tate as eee se 214, Temperature stresses may not be considered ia thls si i a ies tna yee Hiying pavement “ayer. Thickness of eta cemenilen comet p88 nc layer, should Rovers, ne ene oe es a 215, Aa itive example of thicknes design for tean seen cement ah contole hase It Hele pene S sea In dmesare 22 As Subtase Course under Rigid Pavement ‘The thickness of lean cement conerete or lean cementy aah once layer for seas 9 ubbase course tinder cement sence Dierent should te as perIRC: 151970, “Slandacd Spine ei oF esr Be Comcast Revon 151970 recommends the passion of 19 oa, {Wie fe emeit ones obese te eae bfvater bound aca 2. ‘The tenth reguiement of itn cement eoncetiean comet yah concet shal bear gen a ure Se Cment [Semen for ws in lean cement cones o ean cement fyash onsets sould conform to he rquiemonaf 1: eSNG seeeee feats for Onnay” and Low’ Heat Forand Conant (Sera) Renin)” og 4489 pecifatons fr Porkand Resse {Geta «18 485967 Porta Hstarnace Slag Conese Seed Revision)" The use of portand poszaltna concn shea hag oer essed 6 lean cement concrete only Ie thould ot be wal ene ‘of leancement Ay ash concrete, 32. Bly Ash Fly sh should conform o 18: 3812 Patt 1) 1966, Standard Specitions for Fly” Ash, Partly For Use. adnininy fo Conca," The time ietcivy shou not bees a8 Seo neat not lis han 2800 oj, and Carbon conte or th 12 per ea 33. Anmegates Conee spares for use in Yan cement concrete or lea emery "aah “cones shouldbe her neue oes sogae fonfyming 01: 3831970 “Standard Specdeutoer he asso Fine Aparegser ftom Netrl Suress fer Cancer these broken brick confocming o 18 Ses 968 «Speefeitn br Bockes sik Course Anargate for Us in Lime Coatrete™ of coger sane {te conforming tolS: 26861968 “Speciation or Ces AES. te Use ta Lime ‘Gena depending pen theta th, ine apgrnate shuld confor Be 18st Sree tor Broken Boa Pie Ase ices Vos, Hine Morar" Ageropue conforming wo TS: 2¢6¢18¢4 and tetiag the fcaed grading Yor he aggregate as sipuited iS See |sTomty also be considered" Inscccing the agergeten cea ‘ulema siptated in para should be kept Sine ‘The maaimum nominal se ofthe agrepate shuld ot exceed 2.1m por thould ibe fees than 20 ane Bus eee Seen ‘aerate sould be win the linia gies in Te SS lname ean ping 7 oe Noaineasinun ie Nontalwaism sn 2mm se cary 5 we 4sSA, Water Water ated in mining or cv of eoerete shoud be cleat snd fies from injorioue amon of seleterous mater, Poible Steers penny cousdered salstetry for ths purpose: 4. Mix Design Cetera 4d. To act as seairigit paveweat layer ean cet cyoctiaan ometlne ay Sone shold dened Shen compen sng of gem at 28 ay Apes nea it, te don by cling, ka vy eg , 4.12. Having terard to procese variances ia he fl, te Iabottory mie shou be designed for 1.25 tines the required 28 ye i rena, 42. Mix Deige 421, ‘The mix proportions for lean cerient concrie and Jean cto yaa concrete ve designed by tin ane rrr mtios, ST llline Sclecton of saiable proportions of the tial mix, Dacia res fow ach conerele mine. signed wi yaa Ponting 18 3812 (Part T1966. Specticatons for Fy” Asn for tie ah Admintre for Concrete diam course sand aad od quality erated course aggregate cf 20 mim mst se are ea frtable Sad 422., The maximum sz of the couse agzeate in te mic is totiad'by the thickness of the lean cement concrete laa eet iy aah canocete layer so be lid and houlé generally ‘at EERE WS tom foe Wo em Inger thickness, Wile fleung ta, ‘ae proportion frot Table Sor alloneace should be made fo ‘Funds nthe mano size and shape of ageregate a Inco a Sean th apa er eae {ibn nates content cage fom angular (crarhedaparegte) 10 Younded (uncrshed pave) shupe fouls futon tn both Wate foandes Gatenty ang increase or etretse in Agrees modelos Siidsequcess ike change in stad content” Signfcantly, lower Siu ay eed en ogress sch a Boke ik os Re:t49» “ama Pamouano Tne Lan Cher Conner Mas MinPoporians (me) | Mae %]_ vetoes ory | am gy | % os] ae. Dl me EER neste Tue Que Coos Tan &, Tet a ingen eae ~~ aaNEETIA Gace pa ee ek To Gay oat 2. ano Fy ‘sonar. zs 5 abate Above ISRO.) er 0 ut 4 306 oot to423, Asa 1oWph pude forthe spulated 28 day compres iv stsogt of 40cD Kglen the approrimae total oparees) pet to il Se the ange of 21R and ater cone See SST per can by weight of tts dry materials or tee cee oneete mite, when eeshed Hoe wed a ae ety 424. In ease of lean cemeatty ash concrete, optim strength ib obtined by cepacng about 50 per sant or Sea ee weit in convention lan coca concrete ina by Syet aate totic ide Tables andl) "The unter cote reque: ‘ent inthis ase acensed by about 1 pee cen oa dal Binds org han double vba he cocina eat ong mix Te folowing procedure ay, therelony, Se neeee {© btn mi proportions fof ean cement ash conctie (1) Suet eas cement concrete mit ciresponding roughly 'o 0 percent ofthe sent requreien fv lega cone. By a conte ie Be tea i Sey (Gent: and conse agrepic) by wel, ith watt Soeat of by weight otal agers i | i i i (Coresponing mix for lean meaty ash consrete ma © saan sea iad 1: (-9) x pam (cementsandilyars ode aggeste), aio of cic gravity of Ayah snd sand, *-erorin of dy wage a one ote imiiote ence by" Hse on Squats Ween Ara ad fe, ud oS OM adopted for p. : ae © ce mn a ae Senge cearesg eaten cr hate ie ted ump (12 mm), “Ea we ded (4) Siniany, determine water content segurement for two © Station ines " : tne spe er (52) arn coe epeymy (ZL) at text coes for determination of sompresve sey © Soe Be tce ee, and et Sppropte sigh mle ome gt Very approximately, the ratio of total aggregate eluding Ay sl (.cemta wi be the range of 1623 dad water requirement ‘nthe range of 1-12 per cent by welehtof lta. dey ‘materia for thespulted 28 day Compressive strenght in terange of 400 Fy ‘hen crushed Sone wred oe Sout area. 5. nouns SL. Batcing and Mining Eqapment Dogtra yin etna enn ao oi of rere eg met eg sty Soe oe ene cee SENSE Sis a Se 12. Comat Pot . eae aces sedan teirseea tues Becuinuraiaarete i nGargar tae Seeclahitceeinrs haan as dere ‘used. * (PREPARATION oF Tix: supGRADE|SUBASE 61, The subgade or subbase over which de Jean cement coueeaieancomentty ah concrete Iyer et be id, should oe eced or fig, prade og erosion vide Chapter fof IRS: 947, Hanabook of “Quilty Conta or Contest of Ronds td Rayaye (Fst Revson)". Ail reels bsyoad the pets Iltgalrtace should be rected," Sof and yielding spots bad fut if‘prsent, should be coreied and fll vat em the Ehecing an clieation of he ndetging ayer shuld be dene fesse days i advance of lying lean uma Concro tens Comet fy ask concrete, 6.2. To peovent absorption of water fom lesa cement gone creteancenant ly ah ences the underlying age Sl ebe esvered wih water proof paper or brows fo mist cndion ° | tip cacao ons age and Hauling of Cement {The orovisans ig clase 6.1 of IRC 15-970: “Sandacd Spectators and” Cade a Practice forthe‘ Conteysion ot Geert Rens soni atowed a eur cae sed andi 72. Storage and Handing o Fly Ast Fy ash, being light and very tne, gts cally ais borne, AB a artim ay Ye aac abl tne ahd ‘ih ter Sethe op ding anion When oo aged ‘ay be red in raul treo ps Gop for the roneese top utace may be eer kept wet ocoveed wit irl 73. Storage and Handing of Ageeztes ‘Ths proon a au 2 of IRC: 11970 “Sanda Spec. eal ate of rae ty the Conse f Cone Roath ou bs flowed nteaget of Stange sod Seach cow eet of sors lng 7A Batching and Mining of Materials ‘The materials for making lean coment constteeen eset ash concrete mix should be batched by weir eae Proved weigh-batcing euipnent.- Valume Stceing ea ae ‘ted ony wien unavailable. Water may be eetced by ude ‘sing clltvated connie. Broprsoning ofthe conseaone ne ‘iat Hould be on fe tis of datgned tak proportion makin, lc allonance for moisture presen infy ath and sprees WEN Toaiog the mine, water shaulé be aude Rit conten nen ad nggicges the at, 742, Mitug should be done la power din tes of ape rove ps, ad uniorm homogenous ms fal he ees fall beetsited. “Te mixer should aot be oreamady ee age » alse ming tine (1 min} shouldbe alowed to enc ane 0 . 15, ‘Tramsportation and Placement “The lay comet concrtainn comets ah const so be trneporved tnd ao aceon the. prepara sabradesubbare 0 Mt e Compact layer has the Fequled deh slope sad -combe, ‘The mount of surcharge sequced be about 2028 per cent of the Ueknes of layer to Bead "The seal amount of ersange may Redoermined iroepy field tal Transporation and psement seal! elo ne iio eo sereration hoy posta he Btah which. Deoomesagregted dering placing” "should. be ‘Soouphiy med heal buy of he Sch Sig te roe ‘ess bsprending. 1.6. Compotion 76.1. When soficent length of Iean cement. coneeelean cane ash conerete he been ft ptm oli. compaction ‘SHould be commenced (ee para 32). Rolin shout tar om the ‘tier edges of the pavenen and proceed toward the mule excep ‘StSopereteated ptions where It shovld commence at the lower ‘tae fnd proceed towards the higher." Adcjuate number Of pases Sl be gen to ensure full compaction. lah psses ace generally Sonsderd adequate forthe purpose 1U62._ ‘The grade and camber ofthe surfs sould be shecked aig Sompion anda epins shold be crested By ‘emving of adding es mater 2.3., Commision shold be completed within specified period wich She not exceed 48 minutes sumer nd Uhr i ner ute aing “ie maatmem theknes fo be compacted fo Single layer should no0 qened TO cy in case of sat whe! elles and 3 eg cate of vinaory voller of equvalet capacty (i en sy Whee ‘tate Snecma layer shouldbe lid wihin one hos of sornaciin of the presse hig hye 12. oat No lah eo be oie act const ns the end ofthadays werk. ‘Thus shal be formed. by chamferag the fae of the land Tait ayer at an ange of about 30" tothe 18 Caving [Afer nyng sod compseton of the total thikness of lean 0ment conereeleancemeat-y ash cones i should be eued for {heft 48 tours by coveing ie mith wet sunty tops o heat ae rari ee as ln yi a an or watering quently in moderate quantities” Cariog by pony not seer No iif shoud bealloed on i et ee Yep courses have ben lid 79, Recteaton of Surface Ireglarites The finished surfice should be chesked for ine, level, grade pd surfer fh, Provlons in Chaper of IRCSP NT ‘*Hatdbook of Quality Conta for Constraton of Read tnd Rare ways (Fist Revision” shouldbe followed for ik spares The shcking and section a the svtae if coqulted, shoe be ee Fed oo we the mic sill paste. Any suace fveglries eh {ithe burdened layer shuts be eovzcied by cting o& sulbeeaty large patches and flying fo apeiicton 1. Leae eenent cones and Sigil mae Shp teen ca ‘oftiemmaleculdryingshrage’ ‘Ther oacks re Tigh ant Fetsed on fo the wearfog surface if tie sence ayers pach ith a hin biaminous wearing cours (eq. earice desing oF renip, To prevent uch reftcdon craskitg, When, leat cent foseetoean Comeatly ash eonerete wsdl i cmposte pveret Eetseucton, sir recommended that an intents ayes of wate Sogn item, bumibo micadam shoot Hegel inthe emivgd yo ado bon ee eee ae to the sure. Minton’ tickness of the. Intermeding see Dis wearing curse sould ot bees than 10 en in cementy seh concrete, 182, In xs of rgd pavement, whsce lean cmeat concrete) leencoyey th ene wed a ake ceme om {iste nearing course canbe ld dcety thereon ‘without provision ft tea ier a Ses ee ly Of Ihe Set onerete layer, cracks from the semtigh “aitlase do. not ‘eft a 9. quattry coxteor Qutty nto ese and thelr minimum deseble frequency should Bea gvenin Table “st 2 Amesve 1 AN ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE OF THICKNESS DISIGN FOR LEAN CEMENT/LEAN CEMENT FLY ASH CONCRETE BASE IN TLENIBLE. PAVEMENT Design Parameters 5 Design whee lon, ? 110 ke Present Tale Ineiy ‘500 veiday ‘tyre pressure Ss talon 33 Modulus of subgrade rection, & “ao eglene euatency fictors in terms of granule onstruction: {ean mentum cement yas Contes Biuminous macadumn Asal concrete ‘led mix desi compressive svength of Letn cementLean ‘coment By ash concrete fo 60 kglont Desia Procedure ‘Step 1. Design trae intensity for feuible pavement at tate rowih rte of 73% and design fe 10 years ous fees 0 (14007598 3032.06 18, which ls under tals clasieaton Felling (Curve Fof CHR curves for fxible pavement design (GRC: 375970) the otal hike oF consrecionrequed one {he compacted ot of CBR 8 works out as Soe, ‘Step 2. Assuming minimum cover of 10 em bieminoes racic fem and’ cn A.C oer elena Comenicn coment. Ay ah conve: tvs valent gramlar coateyton thickness over ean cnn cone apc ae base 1032.04 452002280 em a| Stop 3. Rasiys of oad dispersion on Laan cxnen)Lssn cement Ay ash conte ate, radi of eontat st srface thickness of equvuent raul contrcton over the be =43.0em Stop 4 For eusuringu minim load factor of 1.67, te se uted tlie Tend creyngsaptiy of es cement Ayach coneete bee, EPH (A100 167-8850 48, 166m » snd king fod x= x0 0510 rene tas, so ate ie | Vee |) Tatas Saco ~s2em eo 28 anes poo Dati BexiOat6ei 1-§) 3 E00) =10 > ne Gem may be taken as the imum design ‘Mica ea catenin creat yb a sre base 4 ‘Step 5. Total equivalent granular thickness of Jean ceient! lean cement fy ah conte base. aud bisinnons ‘iver thereon, taking So eutvaleny factor of 130 or ‘ean cemens ean cetent fy ab ance 16x 1.54280 14.0: 28.0~520 em hich atiseg the design thickness raguirenent over ompacted robgade ss per CBR erm Summary: The dig seston of ele pavement it ean ew AY ah concrete base, therfore at nen. Wem Lean Cenent/tean Cement Fly Ash Concrete (Mins 28 day eid J ——_eompressivesrengin Go kg em?)