Summary
Energy demand has been increasing at an exponential rate with the increase in human dependency on
technology. This increasing energy demand has also posed threat to the natural environment due to
carbon emissions [1]. To counter these carbon emissions, a number of renewable technologies are being
worked upon. Some of these renewable technologies include wind, solar, hydrothermal etc. However
the use of renewable energy resources has its own challenges as most of the technologies have a
variable energy supply with time due to environmental influences. Hence to control this variation,
Demand Side Management has been introduced in smart grids [2]. The DSM technology has been found
to optimize energy among the users and the resources, increase efficiency and protect environment. It
thus proves economical, both for the user and energy provider [3].
However, there are many challenges in the Demand side Technology (DSM) that need to be addressed
before it can be commercialized. The most crucial factor in the DSM is to balance the energy supply and
demand as there is a volatility and electromobility in supply. To counter this problem, information and
communication technology (ICT) may be efficiently employed [4]. The ICT may be optimized by liner
programming approach to yield better results in load management of homes [5]. Optimization can also
be done by using an energy generation and storage integration approach which leads to a better
demand side management [6]. To simultaneously control and manage the complexities of smart grid
and power supply, a game rhetoric method can be useful [7]. As the peak energy demand is more useful
than the average demand in DSM technology, software agents may be used to avoid homogeneity in
peak consumption times [8]. As there has been a transition from conventional (stable) to renewable
(variable) energy resources, the integration of Intelligent trading/metering/billing system with the ALC
and fuzzy logic may be useful for a greater control on demand side [9].
References:
[1] K. Vu, M. Begouic, D. Novosel, "Grids get smart protection and control", Computer Applications in
Power IEEE, vol. 10, pp. 40-44, 1997
[2] Cappers, C. Goldman, D. Kathan, "Demand response in US electricity markets: Empirical
evidence", Energy, vol. 35, pp. 1526-1535, 2010.
[3] C. W. Gellings, "The concept of demand-side management for electric utilities", Proceedings of the
IEEE, vol. 73, pp. 1468-1470, 1985
[4] P. Palensky and D. Dietrich, "Demand Side Management: Demand Response, Intelligent Energy
Systems, and Smart Loads," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 381-388, Aug.
2011.
[5] Ziming Zhu, Jie Tang, S. Lambotharan, Woon Hau Chin and Zhong Fan, "An integer linear
programming based optimization for home demand-side management in smart grid," 2012 IEEE PES
Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT), Washington, DC, 2012, pp. 1-5.
[6] Mohamed E. El-hawary (2014) The Smart Grid—State-of-the-art and Future Trends, Electric Power
Components and Systems, 42:3-4, 239-250, DOI: 10.1080/15325008.2013.868558
[6] I. Atzeni, L. G. Ordóñez, G. Scutari, D. P. Palomar and J. R. Fonollosa, "Demand-Side Management via
Distributed Energy Generation and Storage Optimization," in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 4, no.
2, pp. 866-876, June 2013.
[7] W. Saad, Z. Han, H. V. Poor and T. Basar, "Game-Theoretic Methods for the Smart Grid: An Overview
of Microgrid Systems, Demand-Side Management, and Smart Grid Communications," in IEEE Signal
Processing Magazine, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 86-105, Sept. 2012.
[8] Ramchurn, Sarvapali & Vytelingum, Perukrishnen & Rogers, Alex & Jennings, Nick. (2011). Agent-
based control for decentralised demand side management in the smart grid.
[9] P. Wang, J. Y. Huang, Y. Ding, P. Loh and L. Goel, "Demand Side Load Management of Smart Grids
using intelligent trading/Metering/ Billing System," IEEE PES General Meeting, Minneapolis, MN, 2010,
pp. 1-6.
Mind Mapping:
Smart grids for
management
Renewable
Energy Resources
Demand Side
Management
Increased
Energy Demand
Optimization
Game Software ITMBS
ICT
Rhetoric Agents
