Oraciones afirmativas de presente simple:

Reglas para verbos conjugados con terceras personas de presente simple

Existen 4 reglas que se deben cumplir para el caso de los verbos conjugados con terceras

personas del singular, es decir, en caso de agregar "-s" o "-es". Estas reglas están

determinadas teniendo en cuenta la terminación del verbo. Todos los verbos aquí mostrados

pueden encontrarse en el curso de inglés básico.

1) Verbos en general - Es común que cualquier verbo que no tenga en cuenta las

características posteriores, solamente se agregue una "-s" al final del verbo:

Work / Works (trabajar)

Know / Knows (saber)

Speak / Speaks (hablar)

2) Terminacion del verbo en "-ch, -sh, -x ó -ss" - Con este tipo de verbos simplemente se

debe agregar "-es" al final:

catch / catches (atrapar)

wash / washes (lavar)

mix / mixes (mezclar)

miss / misses (extrañar, perder)

3) Terminación del verbo en "consonante + y" - En este caso hay que cambiar la "y" por "i"

y agregar "es":

Study / Studies (Estudiar)

Try / Tries (Intentar)

Fry / Fries (Freir)

4) Verbos con forma especial:

go / goes (ir)
do / does (hacer)

have / has (tener)

Ejemplos de presente simple en oraciones afirmativas:

I work on saturdays (Trabajo los sábados)

He has a nice computer (Él tiene una bonita computadora)

My dad works near here (Mi papa trabaja cerca de aquí)

They like the good music (A ellos les gusta la buena música)

Peter washes his car every week (Pedro lava su carro cada semana)

Clara and Gabriel have a pet (Clara y Gabriel tienen una mascota)

Hugo loves his job (Hugo ama su trabajo)

My parents and I live in Mexico (Mis padres y yo vivimos en México)

En estos ejemplos se han puesto en cursiva los verbos de cada oración para demostrar cómo

es que cambia dependiendo de si el sujeto es una tercera persona ó no lo es. Por otro lado

para formar oraciones negativas usamos los verbos auxiliares "do" ó "does" + not. "Does"

solo con las terceras personas:

Oraciones negativas de presente simple:

Las contracciones "don't" y "doesn't" son muy ampliamente usadas al hablar en inglés, de

hecho, es más común que se escuche hablar a las personas con estas contracciones en vez

de usar las dos palabras de cada una.

Nótese que con oraciones negativas no hay cambio en el verbo aunque estén en tercera

persona, esto únicamente es para las oraciones afirmativas.

A continuación se muestran los ejemplos que se vieron en la sección anterior pero en su

modo negativo.

Ejemplos de presente simple en oraciones negativas:

I do not work on saturdays (No trabajo los sábados)

He doesn't have a nice computer (Él no tiene una bonita computadora)

My dad doesn't work near here (Mi papa no trabaja cerca de aquí)

They don't like the good music (A ellos no les gusta la buena música)

Peter doesn't wash his car every week (Pedro no lava su carro cada semana)

Clara and Gabriel don't have a pet (Clara y Gabriel no tienen una mascota)

Hugo doesn't love his job (Hugo no ama su trabajo)

My parents and I don't live in Mexico (Mis padres y yo no vivimos en México)

Past Continuous, yes /no questions.

In English, there are two basic types of questions: Yes / No questions and Wh–

questions. Yes / No questions are also called closed questions because there are only two

possible responses: Yes or No. When forming a Yes / Noquestion, it must include one of

these verbs: BE, DO, HAVE, or a modal verb. It is impossible to ask a Yes / Noquestion

withoutlesson
Read one of these verbs.

* en español incorrect

* en français

Correct
Are elections next year? Elections next year?
Does he want to stay? He want to stay?
Have the boys eaten? The boys eaten?
Can the dog swim? The dog swim?
Use the verb BE to ask Yes / No questions about the identity or description of a person,

place, or thing.

Question response
Am I your friend? Yes. / Yes, you are. / Yes, you are my friend.
Is this a good restaurant? No. / No, it is not. / No, it is not a good restaurant.
Are these islands Greek? Yes. / Yes, they are. / Yes, these islands are Greek.
Was his idea interesting? No. / No, it wasn’t. / No, his idea was not interesting.
Were they happy? Yes. / Yes, they were. / Yes, they were happy.
Note that the response can be short (Yes. / No.), or long: Yes or No followed by the subject

and verb.

Use the verb BE with a preposition to ask Yes / No questions about a present or past

location.

Question response
Am I at the correct location? No. / No, you aren’t.
Are the keys under the books? No. / No, they are not.
Was his house on an island? Yes. / Yes, it was.
Were the demonstrations in the center of town? No. / No, they weren’t.
Use the verb BE to ask a Yes / No question about a current activity or situation. This

requires the present progressive: BE + (verb+ing).

Question response
Am I going with you and Tom? Yes. / Yes, you are.
Is she working today? No. / No, she isn’t.
Are we seeing a play tomorrow? Yes. / Yes, we are.
Use the verb BE to ask a Yes / No question about a past activity or situation. This requires

the past progressive: WAS / WERE + (verb+ing).

Question response
Was it raining? Yes. / Yes, it was.
Were they playing? No. / No, they weren’t.
Use the verb BE to ask a Yes / No question with the passive voice.

Question response
Is gold mined in Canada? Yes. / Yes it is.
Are flowers grown here? No. / No, they are not.
Was the book read? Yes. / Yes, it was.
Use the verb HAVE to ask if somebody has done something or if some action has taken

place. Note that these Yes / No questions use the present perfect (HAVE + past participle).

Question response
Has your brother left? No. / No, he hasn’t.
Have you driven before? Yes. / Yes, I have.
Has the party started? Yes. / Yes, it has.
Use the verb DO to ask yes / No questions in order to obtain facts about people, places, or

things.

Question response
Do they smoke? No. / No, they don’t.
Does it rain here? Yes. / Yes, it does.
Did the key No. / No, it didn’t.

work?
Use modal verbs to ask Yes / No questions about possibilities or uncertainties.

Question response
Can we stay? Yes. / Yes, we can. / Yes, we can stay.
Could this be Yes. / Yes, it could (be true).

true?
Should they stop? No. / No, they shouldn’t (stop).
May I help you? Yes. / Yes you may (help me).
Remember: When asking Yes / No questions with DO or a modal verb, the main verb

remains in the base form(without to).

Correct incorrect
Do you drink coffee? Do you to drink coffee?
Does she work here? Does she to work here?
Can I go with you? Can I to go with you?
Should we email her? Should we to email her?
However, if there are two verbs that follow DO, the second verb remains in

the infinitive (with to).

Correct incorrect
Do you want to drink Do you want drink coffee?

coffee?
Does she like to work here? Does she like work here?
Did you need to go home? Did you need go home?
Note that there are several ways to answer Yes / No questions, especially when using

contractions.

Question response
Is he busy? No.
No, he isn’t.
No, he’s not.
No, he is not.
No, he isn’t busy.
No, he’s not busy.
No, he is not busy.
Questions using past

events.
Tell me about your last vacation. Where did you go? What did you do?

What did you do for you last birthday?

Who was your first crush?

What was the last really difficult thing you had to do?

What did you eat for you last meal?

Who did you meet last week? What did you do together?

Tell me about what you did for the last 24 hours.

When was the last time you were really excited about something?

Tell me about where you lived as a child.

When was the last time you went to an amusement park? How was it?

What was the best meal you ate recently?

How did you come here?

When was the last time you went to a movie theater? What did you see?

Talk about the last time you were really scared.

Tell me about your best or worst school teacher.

What tech problems annoyed you recently?

What was your first TV like?

What are some events in the past that made you who you are?

What did your bedroom look like when you were a teenager?

What bands were popular when you were young?

When was the last time you were shocked?

What chores did you have to do when you were young?

Where did you hang out with your friends last? What did you do?

Who were some of your favorite sports stars in the past?

Write descriptions life events in past.

Let's talk about verb tenses: past, present, and future. Only two of these should ever be used

on your resume, and future isn't one of them.

Confused yet? Here's a grammar refresher:

Past tense verbs express actions that already happened, and they usually end in -ed (except

the funky ones like ran or made)

Example: Organized and analyzed data obtained during testing.

Present tense verbs refer to current or ongoing actions—either something you're doing right

now, or that you do repeatedly

Example: Develop curriculum for K-12 environmental program.

But how do I know what tense to use in my resume?

It's simple: If you're employed and writing about the responsibilities and accomplishments

in your present job, use the present tense. If you're writing about a past job, use past tense.

But wait! Here's a curve ball: What if your current job involves a responsibility that you no

longer have? Like hiring seven new staff members? You accomplished that goal, but

technically you can't describe it in the present tense because you're no longer performing

that duty.

So now what do you do? One option is to write your everyday responsibilities in present

tense and your accomplishments in past tense. In this case, make sure all of your current

responsibilities are followed by your past accomplishments for that position. Here's what

that might look like:

Create and maintain quarterly department reports

Manage product engineering and development process

Hired and trained 7 staff members

Developed new task management system that increased productivity 25%

When in doubt...

The simplest option is to put everything in past tense (yes, even your current

responsibilities). After all, if you're an active job seeker, you're ready to put that current job

in the past and make your next career move, so you might as well start with your resume.

But whatever you do, the key is to be consistent throughout the entire resume. Random

mixing and matching of verb tenses is a resume don't.

Conversation in past.

Yesterday - The Past - Example Conversation

Listen to the Entire Lesson

Study some examples and then we will be at the practice session.

Person A: "Why didn't you come to my party last night?"

Person B: "I'm sorry I couldn't make it. I had to go visit my grandmother at the hospital."

Person A: "Oh, I'm sorry to hear that. Is she doing ok?"

Person B: "They just completed a small operation and the doctors said she should recover."

Person A: "Did you get a chance to go to that new restaurant down the street?"

Person B: "Yeah. I ordered the special, but the server screwed up my order."

Person A: "That sucks. So what ended up happening?"

Person B: "They finally got my steak out, but it was overcooked. It was a terrible

experience."

Person A: "What did you do last weekend?"

Person B: "I went on a date with Sammy."

Person A: "Really? How was it?"

Person B: "I couldn't ask for a better night. We talked all throughout our two hour dinner,

and then we sat by the river and cuddled in the night."

Person A: "Didn't you finish finals week?"

Person B: "Don't remind me. I think I failed most of the exams."

Person A: "Why did you do so terrible?"

Person B: "My mind just went blank. I think I overloaded my brain. I just couldn't

concentrate during the exams."

Vocabulary Recreation and Hobbies.

Having a hobby is a great way to relax and enjoy your free time, and spending time

developing interests can also have many emotional, intellectual, and health benefits. Listen

to the words below and consult a dictionary if you need a definition. Write a sample

sentence for each word to learn how it is used in context. Use the Internet to find related

information.

1. bird watching

2. coin collecting

3. cooking

4. dancing

5. drawing

6. gardening

7. genealogy

8. hiking

9. knitting

10. painting

11. photography

12. playing chess

13. playing the piano

14. pottery

15. quilting

16. reading

17. scrapbooking

18. stamp collecting

19. surfing the Internet

 20. woodworking

Idioms and Phrases.

1. ‘The best of both worlds’ – means you can enjoy two different opportunities at the same

time.

“By working part-time and looking after her kids two days a week she managed to get the

best of both worlds.”

2. ‘Speak of the devil’ – this means that the person you’re just talking about actually turns

up at that moment.

“Hi Tom, speak of the devil, I was just telling Sara about your new car.”

Are you ready to test your English level? Take a 10min free EF English Live test and

identify the skills you need to improve

3. ‘See eye to eye’ – this means agreeing with someone.

“They finally saw eye to eye on the business deal.”

4. ‘Once in a blue moon’ – an event that happens infrequently.

“I only go to the cinema once in a blue moon.”

5. ‘When pigs fly’ – something that will never happen.

“When pigs fly she’ll tidy up her room.”

6. ‘To cost an arm and a leg’– something is very expensive.

“Fuel these days costs and arm and a leg.”

7. ‘A piece of cake’– something is very easy.

“The English test was a piece of cake.”

8. ‘Let the cat out of the bag’ – to accidentally reveal a secret.

“I let the cat out of the bag about their wedding plans.”

9. ‘To feel under the weather’ – to not feel well.

“I’m really feeling under the weather today; I have a terrible cold.”

10. ‘To kill two birds with one stone’ – to solve two problems at once.

“By taking my dad on holiday, I killed two birds with one stone. I got to go away but also

spend time with him.”

11. ‘To cut corners’ – to do something badly or cheaply.

“They really cut corners when they built this bathroom; the shower is leaking.”

12. ‘To add insult to injury’ – to make a situation worse.

“To add insult to injury the car drove off without stopping after knocking me off my bike.”

13. ‘You can’t judge a book by its cover’ – to not judge someone or something based solely

on appearance.

“I thought this no-brand bread would be horrible; turns out you can’t judge a book by its

cover.”

14. ‘Break a leg’ – means ‘good luck’ (often said to actors before they go on stage).

“Break a leg Sam, I’m sure your performance will be great.”

15. ‘To hit the nail on the head’ – to describe exactly what is causing a situation or problem.

1 List of idioms / phrases in Past.

The most common English idioms.

These English idioms are extremely common in everyday conversation in the United States.

You will hear them in movies and TV shows and can use them to make your English sound

more like that of a native speaker.

Idiom Meaning
A blessing in disguise a good thing that seemed bad at first
A dime a dozen Something common
Beat around the bush Avoid saying what you mean, usually because it is uncom
Better late than never Better to arrive late than not to come at all
Bite the bullet To get something over with because it is inevitable
Break a leg Good luck
Call it a day Stop working on something
Cut somebody some slack Don't be so critical
Cutting corners Doing something poorly in order to save time or money
Easy does it Slow down
Get out of hand Get out of control
Get something out of your system Do the thing you've been wanting to do so you can move o
Get your act together Work better or leave
Give someone the benefit of the doubt Trust what someone says
Go back to the drawing board Start over
Hang in there Don't give up
Hit the sack Go to sleep
It's not rocket science It's not complicated
Let someone off the hook To not hold someone responsible for something
Make a long story short Tell something briefly
Miss the boat It's too late
No pain, no gain You have to work for what you want
On the ball Doing a good job
Pull someone's leg To joke with someone
Pull yourself together Calm down
So far so good Things are going well so far
Speak of the devil The person we were just talking about showed up!
That's the last straw My patience has run out
The best of both worlds An ideal situation
Time flies when you're having fun You don't notice how long something lasts when it's fun
To get bent out of shape To get upset
To make matters worse Make a problem worse
Under the weather Sick
We'll cross that bridge when we come to it Let's not talk about that problem right now
Wrap your head around something Understand something complicated
You can say that again That's true, I agree
Your guess is as good as mine I have no idea
Common english idioms & expressions.

These English idioms are used quite regularly in the United States. You may not hear them

every day, but they will be very familiar to any native English speaker. You can be

confident using any of them when the context is appropriate.

Idiom Meaning Usage

A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush What you have is worth more than what you

might have later by itself

A penny for your thoughts Tell me what you're thinking by itself

A penny saved is a penny earned Money you save today you can spend later by itself

A perfect storm the worst possible situation as part of a sentence

A picture is worth 1000 words Better to show than tell by itself

Actions speak louder than words Believe what people do and not what they say by

itself

Add insult to injury To make a bad situation worse as part of a sentence

Barking up the wrong tree To be mistaken, to be looking for solutions in the wrong place

as part of a sentence

Birds of a feather flock together People who are alike are often friends (usually used

negatively) by itself

Bite off more than you can chew Take on a project that you cannot finish as part of

a sentence

Break the ice Make people feel more comfortable as part of a sentence

By the skin of your teeth Just barely as part of a sentence

Comparing apples to oranges Comparing two things that cannot be compared as part of

a sentence

Costs an arm and a leg Very expensive as part of a sentence

Do something at the drop of a hat Do something without having planned beforehand as

part of a sentence

Do unto others as you would have them do unto you Treat people fairly. Also known

as "The Golden Rule"by itself

Don't count your chickens before they hatchDon't count on something good happening until

it's happened. by itself

Don't cry over spilt milk There's no reason to complain about something that can't be

fixedby itself

Don't give up your day job You're not very good at this by itself

Don't put all your eggs in one basket What you're doing is too risky by itself

Every cloud has a silver lining. Good things come after bad thingsby itself

Get a taste of your own medicine Get treated the way you've been treating others

(negative) as part of a sentence

Give someone the cold shoulder Ignore someone as part of a sentence

Go on a wild goose chase To do something pointless as part of a sentence

Good things come to those who waitBe patient by itself

He has bigger fish to fry He has bigger things to take care of than what we are talking

about now by itself

He's a chip off the old block The son is like the father by itself

Hit the nail on the head Get something exactly right by itself

Ignorance is bliss You're better off not knowingby itself

It ain't over till the fat lady sings This isn't over yet by itself

It takes one to know one You're just as bad as I am by itself

It's a piece of cake It's easy by itself

It's raining cats and dogs It's raining hard by itself

Kill two birds with one stone Get two things done with a single action by itself

Let the cat out of the bag Give away a secret as part of a sentence

Live and learn I made a mistake by itself

Look before you leap Take only calculated risks by itself

On thin ice On probation. If you make another mistake, there will be trouble. as part of

a sentence

Once in a blue moon Rarely as part of a sentence

Play devil's advocate To argue the opposite, just for the sake of argument as part of a

sentence

Put something on ice Put a projet on hold as part of a sentence

Rain on someone's parade To spoil something as part of a sentence

Saving for a rainy day Saving money for later as part of a sentence

Slow and steady wins the race Reliability is more important than speed by itself

Spill the beansGive away a secret as part of a sentence

Take a rain check Postpone a plan as part of a sentence

Take it with a grain of salt Don’t take it too seriously as part of a sentence

The ball is in your court It's your decision by itself

The best thing since sliced bread A really good invention as part of a sentence

The devil is in the details It looks good from a distance, but when you look closer, there

are problems by itself

The early bird gets the worm The first people who arrive will get the best stuff by itself

The elephant in the room The big issue, the problem people are avoiding as part of

a sentence

The whole nine yards Everything, all the way. as part of a sentence

There are other fish in the sea It's ok to miss this opportunity. Others will arise. by

itself

There's a method to his madness He seems crazy but actually he's clever by itself

There's no such thing as a free lunch Nothing is entirely free by itself

Throw caution to the wind Take a risk as part of a sentence

You can't have your cake and eat it too You can't have everything by itself

You can't judge a book by its cover This person or thing may look bad, but it's good inside

by itself

Familiar english idioms & proverbs.

These English idioms and proverbs are familiar and easily understood by native English

speakers, but they are not usually used in everyday conversation. If you haven't mastered

the more frequent idioms yet, they are a better place to start, but if you're already familiar

with those expressions, the idioms below will further spice up your English.

Idiom Meaning Usage

A little learning is a dangerous thing People who don't understand something fully are

dangerous by itself

A snowball effect Events have momentum and build upon each other as part of a

sentence

A snowball's chance in hell No chance at all as part of a sentence

A stitch in time saves nine Fix the problem now because it will get worse later by itself

A storm in a teacup A big fuss about a small problem as part of a sentence

An apple a day keeps the doctor away Apples are good for you by itself

An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure You can prevent a problem with little

effort. Fixing it later is harder. by itself

As right as rain Perfect as part of a sentence

Bolt from the blue Something that happened without warning as part of a sentence

Burn bridges Destroy relationships as part of a sentence

Calm before the storm Something bad is coming, but right now it's calm as part of

a sentence

Come rain or shine No matter what as part of a sentence

Curiosity killed the cat Stop asking questions by itself

Cut the mustard Do a good job as part of a sentence

Don't beat a dead horse Move on, this subject is over by itself

Every dog has his dayEveryone gets a chance at least once by itself

Familiarity breeds contempt The better you know someone the less you like himby itself

Fit as a fiddle In good health as part of a sentence

Fortune favours the bold Take risks by itself

Get a second wind Have more energy after having been tired as part of a sentence

Get wind of something Hear news of something secret as part of a sentence

Go down in flames Fail spectacularly as part of a sentence

Haste makes waste You'll make mistakes if you rush through something by itself

Have your head in the clouds Not be concentrating as part of a sentence

He who laughs last laughs loudest I'll get you back for what you did by itself

Hear something straight from the horse's mouth Hear something from the person

involved as part of a sentence

He's not playing with a full deck He's dumb by itself

He's off his rocker He's crazy by itself

He's sitting on the fence He can't make up his mind by itself

It is a poor workman who blames his tools If you can't do the job, don't blame it on

othersby itself.

It is always darkest before the dawn Things are going to get better by itself
It takes two to tango One person alone isn't responsible. Both people are involved. by

itself

Jump on the bandwagon Follow a trend, do what everyone else is doing as part of

a sentence

Know which way the wind is blowing Understand the situation (usually negative) as

part of a sentence.

Leave no stone unturned Look everywhere as part of a sentence

Let sleeping dogs lie Stop discussing an issue as part of a sentence

Like riding a bicycle Something you never forget how to do as part of a sentence

Like two peas in a pod They're always together as part of a sentence

Make hay while the sun shines Take advantage of a good situation as part of a

sentence

On cloud nine Very happy as part of a sentence

Once bitten, twice shy You're more cautious when you've been hurt before by itself

Out of the frying pan and into the fire Things are going from bad to worse by itself

Run like the wind Run fast as part of a sentence

Shape up or ship out Work better or leave by itself

Snowed under Busy as part of a sentence

That ship has sailed It's too late by itself

The pot calling the kettle black Someone criticizing someone else he is just as bad as

part of a sentence

There are clouds on the horizon Trouble is coming by itself

Those who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones People who are morally

questionable shouldn't criticize others by itself

Through thick and thin In good times and in bad times as part of a sentence

Time is money Work quickly by itself

Waste not, want not Don't waste things and you'll always have enough by itself

We see eye to eye We agree by itself

Weather the storm Go through something difficult as part of a sentence

Well begun is half done Getting a good start is important by itself

When it rains it pours Everything is going wrong at once by itself

You can catch more flies with honey than you can with vinegar You'll get what you want

by being nice by itself

You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink You can't force someone

to make the right decision by itself

You can't make an omelet without breaking some eggs There's always a cost to doing

something by itself

Here's a quick reminder of the rules of using past simple and past continuous

together.

In this sentence there are two verbs:

I was watching television when he arrived.

The first action is a long action - it lasted for a period of time. We therefore use the past

continuous.

The second action is a short action that has interrupted the first. So for this we need past

simple!

The regular past simple is formed using 'ed' and the past continuous is formed

using was/were + past participle.

Now I've reminded you of how to use these tenses, try the exercise below and see if you

can decide which verb needs which tense. Good luck!