Drilling is a cutting process that uses a drill bit to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid
materials. The drill bit is usually a rotary cutting tool, often multi-point. The bit is pressed against the
work-piece and rotated at rates from hundreds to thousands of revolutions per minute. This forces
the cutting edge against the work-piece, cutting off chips (swarf) from the hole as it is drilled.
. The hammering action can be performed from outside the hole (top-hammer drill) or within the hole
(down-the-hole drill, DTH). Drills used for horizontal drilling are called drifter drills.
It is important and first step in extraction of oil and gas reserves