LPIC
Unleash the SysAdmin !
/Anis_Hosni
and more …
Key dates : 1983, 1986 and1992
Hierarchy
UNIX
POSIX Family
GNU/Linux * BSD OSX …
Debian Redhat Mandriva Android …
(only the Linux part)
Ubuntu … Centos Fedora …
Terminology
• UNIX = Family of multitasking, multiuser computer OS
• GNU = A project started by FSF to provide a free
Alternative of UNIX (bash, gcc, gnome, flex/bison … )
• LINUX = Free Kernel ( It was an alternative to MINIX)
• GNU/Linux = A complete Free alternative OS of UNIX
• Debian, Redhat, Ubuntu, CentOS … = Distributions
UNIX is very simple, it just needs a genius to
understand its simplicity.
Dennis Ritchie (The creator of the C)
LPIC ?
Linux Server Professional Certification
LPIC-101 & LPIC-102
Linux Network Professional Certification
LPIC-201 & LPIC-202
Linux Enterprise Professional Certification
LPIC-301 & (LPIC-302 | LPIC-303 )
Detailed Objectives
• Topic 101: System Architecture (Weight 8)
• Topic 102: Linux Installation and Package Management
(Weight 11)
• Topic 103: GNU and Unix Commands (Weight 26)
• Topic 104: Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem
Hierarchy Standard (Weight 15)
System Architecture
• 101.1 Determine and configure hardware settings
(Weight 2)
• 101.2 Boot the system (Weight 3)
• 101.3 Change runlevels and shutdown or reboot system
(Weight 3)
The Kernel (1/5)
• What is kernel ?
• Controls and mediates access to hardware
• Implements and supports fundamental abstractions:
• Processes, files, devices etc.
• Schedules / allocates system resources:
• Memory, CPU, disk, descriptors, etc.
• Enforces security and protection.
• Responds to user requests for service (system calls).
• Etc … Etc …
The Kernel (2/5)
• Design Goals:
• Performance: efficiency, speed.
• Utilize resources to capacity with low overhead.
• Stability: robustness, resilience.
• Uptime, graceful degradation.
• Capability: features, flexibility, compatibility.
• Security, protection.
• Protect users from each other & system from bad users.
• Portability.
• Extensibility.
The Kernel (3/5)
70 mb of source code | 2 mb when compiled
+ 10 mb for modules
The Kernel (4/5)
• Kernel version : uname -a
• 3 : Kernel version
• 13 : The major revision of the kernel
• 0 : The minor revision of the kernel
• 53 : Immediate fixing / bug fixing for critical error
• generic : Distribution specific sting.
The Kernel (5/5)
• Modules: tow types:
• Kernel modules (ko) run in kernel space
• User modules (so) run in user space.
• /lib/modules : Modules location
• lsmod : Command to list loaded kernel modules
• modinfo : Print a modules info
• modprobe : Utility to manage modules
• /etc/modules : Startup configuration file
Compiling the K (1/3)
• Why updating the kernel :
• Security Fixes
• Stability Improvements
• Updated Drivers
• New Kernel Functions
• Increased Speed
Compiling the K (2/3)
• kernel.org
Compiling the K (3/3)
• clean: make mrpropre && make clean
• set the configuration in the .config file:
• make config
• make menuconfig
• make oldconfig
• 1,2,3, compile:
• make
• make modules_install
Q/A
