CONTROLLING
Controlling is the fourth function in the management
process. Controlling means moni- toring employees’
activities, determining whether the organization is moving
toward its goals, and making corrections as necessary. One
trend in recent years is for companies to place less
emphasis on top-down control and more emphasis on
training employees to monitor and correct themselves.
However, the ultimate responsibility for control still rests
with managers. Michael Corbat, the new CEO of Citigroup,
for example, is taking a new approach to control at the
giant company, which was kept afloat during the financial
crisis with $45 billion in government aid. “You are what you
measure,” Corbat says, and he is implementing new tools
to track the performance of individual managers as a way
to bring greater accountability and discipline. 12