ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF SPHERICAL DOME STRUCTURE

BY USING STAAD.Pro
R.MADHUKUMAR1, U. MANIVASAN2, V.S.SATHEESH3 AND S. SURESH BABU4
1,2
P.G. Student Department of Civil Engineering, Adhiyamaan College of Engineering Hosur , Tamilnadu ,
India,
3,4
Department of Civil Engineering, Adhiyamaan College of Engineering Hosur , Tamilnadu , India
Abstract—Domes are ambient structure developed from A.D periods which are constructed for
getting large volume from the structure. Normally domes are designed for uniform loading over the
plates. In this investigation by applying point loads over the nodal joints analysis and design of
concrete dome structure was done using STAAD.pro. An 8.49m rise with 30m diameter dome and a
support height of 14m was considered for the design. Dead load is assigned as plate load and the live
load is assigned as point load over the nodal joints. The safe loads were found from the design results
against various loading cases.
Keywords—Dome, STAAD.pro, Nodal Joint Load, Shear Force and Bending Moment.
I. INTRODUCTION
A dome is typically an element of architectural that resembles the hollow upper half of
a sphere. Domes are curved structure they have no angles and no corners and they enclose an
enormous amount of space with the minimum of materials as they don’t require interior supports.
Despite their thinness, domes are some of the strongest and stiffest structure in existence today. The
precise definition has been a matter of controversy. Domes have a long architectural lineage that
extends back into prehistory and they have been constructed from mud, snow, stone, wood, brick,
concrete, metal, glass, and plastic over the centuries. The symbolism associated with domes
includes mortuary, celestial, and governmental traditions that have likewise developed over time.
The dome has a long history in the built environment, and has been a design feature of many
different kinds of architecture around the world. Domes are prominent features of Persian, Roman,
Byzantine, Islamic, and Italian Renaissance design.
SPHERICAL DOME
In geometry, a spherical cap, spherical dome, or spherical segment of one base is a portion of
a sphere cut off by a plane. If the plane passes through the center of the sphere, so that the height of
the cap is equal to the radius of the sphere, the spherical cap is called a hemisphere.
II. DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
2.1 Geometry````````````````````````
Base Diameter of dome = 30m
Top diameter of dome = 0
Height of dome = 8.49m
Latitude: Divisions = 10
Longitude: Divisions = 16
Circular Column YD = 0.30m
Rectangular beam YD = 0.2m
ZD = 0.2m
Plate Thickness = 0.12m.
Length of beam = 5.85m
Length of column = 3.5m

DOI:10.21884/IJMTER.2018.5060.FYK2K 23
 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume: 5, Issue: 03, [March– 2018] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161
2.2 Define Load to following process
The loadings were calculated partially manually and rest was generated using STAAD.Pro load
generator. The loading cases were categorized as: Self-weight, Dead load and Nodal Joint load.
2.2.1 Self-weight: The self weight of the structure can be generated by STAAD.Pro itself with the
self weight command in the load case details.
2.2.2 Dead load: Dead load can also be generated by STAAD.Pro by specifying the plate thickness
and the load on the plate is 2.5 kN/m.
2.3.3 Nodal Joint Load: Joint loads, both forces and moments, may be applied to any free joint
of a structure. These loads act in the global coordinate system of the structure. The joint loads
applying on the dome structure are various loads as 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5…49 kN.

Figure 1 : Modeling Dome Structure

Figure 2 : Applied nodal joint load

@IJMTER-2018, All rights Reserved 24

 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume: 5, Issue: 03, [March– 2018] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161

Figure 3 : Plate stress on nodal joint load

III. DESIGN RESULTS
For the dome, analysis and design of nodal joint load, consideration results are shown below for
beam no 407and column no 419 of concrete dome.

Figure 4 : Design of concrete beam for nodal load 1kN

@IJMTER-2018, All rights Reserved 25

 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume: 5, Issue: 03, [March– 2018] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161

Figure 5: Design of concrete column for nodal load 1kN

For the above analysis and design the graphical representation of deflection, Shear force, Bending
moment and the support reaction are

Figure 6: Load vs deflection graph diagram

Figure 7: Load vs shear force graph diagram

@IJMTER-2018, All rights Reserved 26

 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume: 5, Issue: 03, [March– 2018] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161

Figure 8: Load vs bending moment graph diagram

Figure 9 : Load vs support reaction graph diagram

@IJMTER-2018, All rights Reserved 27

 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume: 5, Issue: 03, [March– 2018] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161

Figure 10 : Multi curve graphs for load vs deflection, shear force and bending moment
diagram
IV. CONCLUSION
In this study the concrete dome structure was analyzed and designed using STAAD-pro.
 The assumed dimensions of the members are Beams 200mmx200mm, Columns 300mm
diameter and plate thickness 120mm.
 The Dome structure was analyzed to carry dead load and varying live load from 1kN to 49kN
over the nodal joints.
 For the applied load cases over the nodal joints the structure comes under safe zone with
deflection of a member from 0.002mm to 0.036mm, Bending moment 0.002kNm to
0.098kNm and Shear force 0.001kN to 0.068kN.
REFERENCES
[1] Anuj Chandiwal , “Analysis and Design of steel dome using software”, international journal of research in
engineering and techology Volume: 03 Issue: 03, pp 35-39, Mar-2014.
[2] Shaik Tahaseen,Reinforced cement concrete (RCC) dome design”, International Journal of Civil and Structural
Engineering Research Vol. 3, Issue 2, pp: (39-45), March 2016.
[3] Harmanjot Kaur, Vipan Kumar Sohpal and Sachin Kumar “Designing of Small Scale Fixed Dome Biogas Digester
for Paddy Straw” International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research H.Kaur et al., Vol.7, No.1, 2017.
[4] Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen “The impact of diameter, number of ribs, percentage of steel, compressive strength and cover
thickness on the large concrete dome” American Journal Of Scientific And Industrial Research © 2010,
[5] Ehab hamed, mark a. Bradford and r. Ian gilbert “Creep Buckling Of Imperfect Thin-Walled Shallow Concrete
Domes” journal of mechanics of materials and structures vol. 5, no. 1, 2010.
[6] Jignesh Dipakkumar Jani, Manoj Kumar Gupta , R. R. Trivedi “Shape Optimization of Externally Pressurized Thin-
Walled End Dome Closures with Constant Wall Thickness of Cylinder Vessel with Help of Bezier Curve”
International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology (IJESIT) Volume 2, Issue 3, May 2013.
[7] K. Kesavulu, S Sardar Ali, G. Naveen Kumar “Analysis on Ring Stiffened Cylindrical Shell of Submerged
Structure” International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: www.ijetae.com
(Volume 5, Issue 1, January 2015).
[8] Tanumay Mandal, Partha Pratim sarkar “ A Dome Shaped Curved Fss with Extra Wide Band Applications: Design
and Theoretical Analysis” IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) Volume 8,
Issue 1 (Sep. - Oct. 2013).

@IJMTER-2018, All rights Reserved 28

 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume: 5, Issue: 03, [March– 2018] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161
[9] Zhi-Hong Zhang, Qing-Shuai Cao1, Shi-Lin Dong and Xue-Yi Fu “Structural Design Of A Practical Suspendome”
Advanced Steel Construction Vol. 4 (2008)
[10] IfeOlorun Olofin, Ronggui Liu “ Numerical Modal Analysis of a Suspen Dome with Carbon Fibber Reinforced
Polymer Tensegrity System” amse journals –2015-series: modelling a; vol. 89 @ 2015.
[11] Shaik tahaseen “Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) Dome Design”International Journal of Civil and Structural
Engineering Research Month: October 2015
[12] Anita Handruleva , Vladimir Matuski, Konstantin Kazakov“Combined Mechanisms of Collapse of Discrete Single‐L
ayer Sphericl Domes” Study of Civil Engineering and Architecture (SCEA) Volume 1 Issue 1, December 2012.
[13] Ivana Mekjavić, Srečko Pičulin “Structuralanalysis And Optimization Of Concrete Spherical And Groined Shells”
Statička analiza i optimizacija betonskih sfernih i svodastih ljusaka Technical Gazette 17, 4(2010)
[14] Dr. Engr. Gana .A.J “Relevance Of Shell And Dome Structures In Modern Applications Of Civil Engineering
Construction” Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management ( May, 2015).
[15] J.A. Abdalla and A.S.Mohammed“Dynamic characteristics Of Large Reinforced Concrete Domes” World
Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008.
[16] Yousry B.I. Shaheen, Boshra A. Eltaly , Amany A. Hanesh “Experimental and FE simulations of Ferrocement
Domes Reinforced with Composite Materials” Concrete Research Letters www.crl.issres.net Vol. 5 (4) – 2014. Is
[17] 456:2000 Indian Standard Plain And Reinforced Concrete –Code Book Of Practice
[18] Dr B.C Punmia, Reinforce Concrete Structures Volume II.

@IJMTER-2018, All rights Reserved 29